[Structural studies of translating ribosomes. II. Comparative sedimentation analysis of pre- and post-translocation states].

Using the solid-phase translation system technique where template poly(U) is covalently coupled to Sepharose through cleavable disulfide bridges translating monoribosomes carrying a polypeptide (polyPhe) of 10 to 20 amino acids long have been isolated. Both pre-translocation state and post-translocation state ribosomes have been obtained. It has been shown that the sedimentation coefficient of the pre-translocation state ribosomes exceeds that of the post-translocation state ribosomes by a magnitude of about 1S.

[Characteristics of ceruloplasmin synthesis in embryogenesis and in the early postnatal period of laboratory white rats].

The dynamics of ceruloplasmin content was studied by immunochemical methods in the postimplantation rat embryos and postnatal animals. Ten to twenty two day old embryos contained ceruloplasmin (CP) in yolk sac, serum, and amniotic fluid. The highest CP levels were found in yolk sac.

[The efficacy of outpatient examination of the female population for the early diagnosis of breast cancer].

The report discusses the data on out-patient follow-up of female population at different stages within 1971-1979. The results were evaluated versus diagnostic and organizational procedures.

[Use of biguanide preparations in the treatment of diabetes mellitus].

The blood content of lactic acid was measured in 186 patients with overt diabetes mellitus. The patients had normal or excess body weight and were placed on different treatment methods during decompensation, subcompensation and compensation stages. During diabetes mellitus compensation attained with different treatment methods as well as during treatment including biguanides in the presence of normoglycemia, the mean blood level of lactic acid did not differ significantly from its mean content in normal subjects.

Ultrastructural localisation of alpha-fetoprotin (AFP) in regenerating mouse liver poisoned with CCL4. 1. Reexpression of AFP in differentiated hepatocytes.

The AFP-synthesizing cells were identified by ultrastructural localization of the antigen in regenerating liver of adult mice after CCl4 poisoning. An indirect immunoperoxidase method with rabbit anti-mouse AFP and peroxidase conjugates of anti-rabbit IgG or their Fab' was used. Good preservation of AFP and tissue structure, and sufficient permeability for the conjugates were obtained after 20' prefixation of small liver specimens in 8% formaldehyde -0.

[Preparation of translating ribosomes by using a column with immobilized polyuridylic acid].

An improved method for preparation of translating ribosomes using columns with immobilized polyuridylic acid is described. A peculiarity of the method is that, first, optimal ratios of the components are used in the translation system for obtaining high yields of translating ribosomes. Second, purification of translating ribosomes from admixtures of non-translating particles is achieved by passing the buffer containing 5 mM MgCl2 and 250 mM NH4Cl through the column.

[Chromosomal control of early mammalian development].

A review of recent studies on mammalian embryos, mostly mice, with chromosomal aberrations. Morphological, biochemical and cytological studies on mice with polyploidy, aneuploidy and some structural aberrations are discussed. Some types of chromosomal aberrations, especially monosomy for individual chromosomes (2, 5, 7, or 17), are already evident during early cleavage and are inevitably lethal by the morula stage.

Structural study of translating 70 S ribosomes from Escherichia coli. I. Electron microscopy.

Translating 70 S ribosomes of Escherichia coli either in the pre-translocation or in the post-translocation state have been prepared by using the cell-free translation system in poly(U)-S-S-Sepharose columns [Methods Enzymol. (1979) 59, 382-398]. Electron microscopy study of the preparations has demonstrated that: (1) the mutual orientation of the ribosomal subunits in the translating ribosomes is the same as proposed by Lake for routine 30 S.

[Effect of estradiol and testosterone, administered in the neonatal period, on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal interrelations and fertility of the male rat].

The influence of neonatal single subcutaneous injections of different testosterone propionate doses was studied comparatively to estradiol benzoate action on different parameters of genital function. Estradiol injections exert more pronounced injurious effect versus testosterone treatment, producing a decrease in luliberin, LH, testosterone synthesis and release, as well as a fall of the genital mass, resulting in 100% sterility of the animals.

[Effect of monosomy of the autosomes on the preimplantation stages of embryogenesis in laboratory mice].

The effects of monosomy for the autosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 16 and 19 were studied in mice with single or double Robertsonian translocations. The monosomy for different autosomes affects the preimplantation development of the mouse embryos in different ways. The monosomy for the autosomes 1, 3, 6, 16 or 19 does not affect cleavage, compactization or blastulation and is, in some cases, even compatible with the implantation.

[Role of various portions of chromosome 17 in the early embryogenesis of the laboratory mouse].

Peculiarities of the early development of mice embryos with structural aberrations of chromosome 17 were studied in mice heterozygous for reciprocal translocations T (16; 17) 43H and T (9; 17) 138Ca. Deficiency for the distal part of chromosome 17 corresponding to the E-region (Df 17 E1-E5), as well as deficiency for its most proximal part, the AB region (Df 17 A1-A-3, B) carrying all genes of complex T-locus, does not block cleavage, blastulation and implantation but severely affects immediate postimplantation development and causes embryonic death during early neurulation. Deficiency for the middle part of chromosome 17, including Giemsa-positive band 17C and the most of Giemsa-negative band D, becomes evident just after a few cleavage divisions and all these embryos die at the morula stage (8-16 blastomeres).

[Disputable problems of the effect of sulfanilylurea derivatives in patients with diabetes mellitus and perspectives on their use].

Critical analysis of studies, realized by the University Group on diabetes mellitus program (UGDP), involving 12 colleges of the USA, was performed. A higher death rate due to cardiovascular pathology was manifested by patients with diabetes mellitus given tolbutamide. A possible restriction and/or prohibition of drugs of this series was discussed.

[Effect of structural aberrations in chromosomes 7 and 14 on the embryogenesis of laboratory mice].

A cytogenetical analysis of the oocytes and embryos at different developmental stages was carried out in mice heterozygous by the unequal reciprocal translocation T (7; 14) 2 IEM and their fecundity was studied. In heterozygotes this translocation leads to semisterility of both females and males which is due to structural aberrations of the chromosomes arising in meiosis. The duplication of a distal region of the chromosome 7 (Dp7F4) combined with the deletion of almost the whole chromosome 14, except its pericentromere region (Df14BCDE) did not affect cleavage and implantation but arrested the development at the early neurula stage and caused the death of embryos in the period of active organogenesis.