Noninvasive Tools to Predict Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants with Congenital Heart Diseases: A Narrative Review.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most frightening gastrointestinal emergency in newborns. Despite being primarily a disease of premature infants, neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of development. Acute and chronic hemodynamic changes in this population may lead to mesenteric circulatory insufficiency.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring among Infants Born Very Preterm: Evidence for Accuracy in Neonatal Intensive Care.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a device for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) among infants born preterm admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: We analyzed paired CGM sensor glucose (SG) and point-of-care blood glucose (BG) measurements collected in infants born at ≤32 weeks of gestation or with a birth weight ≤1500 g. CGM was initiated within 48 hours from birth and maintained for 5 days.

Metabolomic analysis to predict the onset and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most devastating gastrointestinal (GI) emergency in preterm neonates. Untargeted metabolomics may allow the identification of biomarkers involved in NEC pathophysiology.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study including preterm infants born at < 34 gestational weeks (GWs) whose urine was longitudinally collected at birth (< 48 h, T0) and at 14 (T1) and 28 days (T2).

Parent-child interaction after home-visiting intervention for children born extremely preterm-A randomised clinical trial.

Aim: To determine whether a strength-based home-visiting program enhances parent-child interaction during the first year at home for children born extremely preterm (gestational age < 28).

Methods: A randomised controlled trial of 130 infants born extremely preterm 2018-2021 in Stockholm, allocated to either the Stockholm preterm interaction-based intervention (SPIBI) (n = 66) or an extended follow-up program (n = 64). The intervention group received ten home visits during the first year by a trained interventionist following SPIBI guidelines: an interaction-based intervention supporting sensitive parental responses to infants' signals.

RNA interference-based strategies to control Botrytis cinerea infection in cultivated strawberry.

Gene silencing of BcDCL genes improves gray mold disease control in the cultivated strawberry. Gene silencing technology offers new opportunities to develop new formulations or new pathogen-resistant plants for reducing impacts of agricultural systems. Recent studies offered the proof of concept that the symptoms of gray mold can be reduced by downregulating Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) and 2 (DCL2) genes of Botrytis cinerea.

A two-tiered high-flow nasal cannula approach does not increase intensive care utilization and hospital length of stay in bronchiolitis.

Unlabelled: While concerns about high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) overuse and associated increased use of hospital resources are rapidly spreading, a two-tiered approach in its use is recommended by recent bronchiolitis guidelines. However, data on its effects in practice have not been reported. We aimed to analyze the trends in use of HFNC, hospitalizations, length of stay (LOS), and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for bronchiolitis in a tertiary care center using a two-tiered HFNC approach since its introduction in practice.

The Impact of Antenatal Corticosteroids on the Metabolome of Preterm Newborns: An Untargeted Approach.

We analyzed and compared variations in the urinary metabolome, as well as postnatal clinical outcomes among preterm infants, based on the timing of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) administration in response to preterm labor onset in their mothers. This was a prospective observational study held in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, Padova University Hospital (Italy). A urine sample was obtained from each patient within 24 h of birth; Mass Spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics analysis was then conducted.

Quantitative Lung Ultrasonography to Guide Surfactant Therapy in Neonates Born Late Preterm and Later.

Importance: Surfactant administration may be needed in late preterm through full-term neonates, but the pathophysiology of their respiratory failure can be different from that of early preterm neonates. The lung ultrasonography score (LUS) is accurate to guide surfactant replacement in early preterm neonates, but to our knowledge, it has not yet been studied in the late preterm through full-term neonatal population.

Objective: To assess whether LUS is equally accurate to predict surfactant need in late preterm through full-term neonates as in early preterm neonates.

Cardiac Mechanics Evaluation in Preschool-Aged Children with Preterm Birth History: A Speckle Tracking and 4D Echocardiography Study.

The premature-born adult population is set to grow significantly, and prematurity has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor. We aimed to comprehensively assess cardiac mechanics and function in a cohort of ex-preterm preschoolers. Ex-preterm children (<30 weeks of gestation), aged 2 to 5 years, underwent transthoracic 2D, speckle-tracking, and 4D echocardiography.

First report of postharvest pear bitter rot caused by in Italy.

The fungal genus includes numerous important plant pathogenic species, some of which causes fruit bitter rot as well as leaf lesions (leaf black spot) on major crops, leading to yield losses (Fu et al. 2019; Talhinhas & Baroncelli, 2023). was reported associated with black spot on fallen, immature fruit of pear () in New Zealand (Damm et al.

Cerebral venous thrombosis and deep medullary vein thrombosis: Padua experience over the last two decades.

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a cerebrovascular disorder that accounts for 20% of perinatal strokes. CVT incidence ranges from 0.67 to 1.

Clinical and economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus in children aged 0-5 years in Italy.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is among the leading causes of hospitalization due to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children younger than 5 years worldwide and the second cause of infant death after malaria. RSV infection occurs in almost all the infants before the second year of life with variable clinical severity, often requiring medical assistance. This analysis investigated patients aged 0-5 years with RSV infection focusing on epidemiology, clinical features, and economic burden of RSV-associated hospitalizations in a setting of Italian real clinical practice.

Lactoferrin in the Prevention of Recurrent Respiratory Infections in Preschool Children: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Few studies have evaluated the effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) on reducing respiratory infections in preschool children. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of bLf in preschool children with recurrent respiratory infections. Participants were randomly assigned bLf (n = 25) or control ( = 25).

A Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Enrichment in Metabolites Involved in the Regulation of the Glutathione Pathway in LIN28B-Dependent Cancer Cells.

The RNA-binding protein LIN28B, identified as an independent risk factor in high-risk neuroblastoma patients, is implicated in adverse treatment outcomes linked to metastasis and chemoresistance. Despite its clinical significance, the impact of LIN28B on neuroblastoma cell metabolism remains unexplored. This study employs a multi-omics approach, integrating transcriptome and metabolome data, to elucidate the global metabolic program associated with varying LIN28B expression levels over time.