Diversity, Species Richness, and Community Composition of Wetland Birds in the Lowlands of Western Nepal.

Wetlands serve as crucial habitats for diverse bird species, playing a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem. Geographical location, climate, hydrology, and vegetation composition of wetlands determine the diversity of birds. This study investigated species richness, seasonal diversity, and composition of wetland birds in three prominent water bodies of western Nepal, namely Ghodaghodi, Rani, and Jokhar lakes, from 2021 to 2022 in summer and winter using the point count method.

sp. nov. and Insights into the Evolution and Diversification of (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes, Marthamycetales).

The apothecial fungus sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in Mediterranean climate regions in southern Portugal, Spain (Canary Islands), and the Dalmatian region of Croatia.

About spirals and pores: with remarkable germ loci.

Based on phylogenetic analyses of a multi-gene matrix of nuITS-LSU rDNA, and sequences and morphology, xylariaceous species with uni- to pauciperitheciate stromata and ascospores having a spirally coiling (helicoid) germ slit are revised and reclassified, including detailed descriptions and illustrations. The genus is redefined and restricted to seven species with massive, erumpent, clypeus-like carbonaceous stromata, and is combined in . Within the core , the poorly known is shown to be closely related to , for which the new genus is established, and is demonstrated to be synonymous with .

Association of Different Biochemical and Hemodynamic Characteristic with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Nephrolithiasis Patients.

Background Although Nephrolithiasis is a common condition caused by a wide variety of metabolic or environmental disturbances, its being one of the major factor of morbidity. Incidence of kidney stone disease (KSD) is highly affected by metabolic disorders and change in blood pressure and glucose. Objective To find out association of different biochemical and hemodynamic parameters with various glycemic status and hypertension in kidney stone disease.

A review of .

In a recently published classification scheme for , the new family was erected; unfortunately, this study was rife with phylogenetic misinterpretations and hampered by a poor understanding of this group of fungi. This manifested in the form of an undiagnostic familial description, an erroneous familial circumscription, and the redescription of the type species of an included genus as a new species in a different genus. The present work corrects these errors by incorporating new molecular data from this group into phylogenetic analyses and examining the morphological features of the included taxa.

TRPV4 Regulates the Development of Psoriasis by Controlling Adenosine Triphosphate Expression in Keratinocytes and the Neuroimmune System.

TRPV4 is a calcium ion channel that is widely expressed in various cells. It is also involved in physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of TRPV4 in psoriasis remains unknown.

Connecting tiger () populations in Nepal: Identification of corridors among tiger-bearing protected areas.

Habitat fragmentation and isolation threaten the survival of several wide-ranging species, such as tigers, through increased risk from diseases, disasters, climate change, and genetic depression. Identification of the habitat most likely to achieve connectivity among protected areas is vital for the long-term persistence of tigers. We aimed to improve the mapping of potential transfrontier protected area corridors for tigers by connecting sites within the Terai Arc Landscape in Nepal and to those in India, highlighting targeted conservation actions needed along these corridors to maintain long-term connectivity.

(, ), a New Genus to Accommodate the Neglected Sclerotiniaceous Bryoparasitic Discomycete .

The new genus is established for the red-brown, stipitate, bryoparasitic discomycete Boud. Combined phylogenetic analysis of ITS and LSU rDNA and revealed that belongs to the sclerotiniaceous clade, which comprises the paraphyletic families and formed with a supported clade ( s.l.

The Unexpected Identity of .

species (Leotiales) are plant pathogens distributed mostly in northern temperate ecosystems. The diversity and identity of some species remains unclear. , found in Sicilia (Italy) on dry twigs of , , and , is one example of an obscure and poorly known species.

Living donor kidney paired exchange: An observational study.

Background: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESKD). Kidney paired donation (KPD) provides the chance to match an incompatible donor/recipient pair with another donor and recipient in a similar condition. We aimed to compare the outcomes of pair exchange kidney transplantation with traditional live donor kidney transplantation in our context.

Wanted on ! , an overlooked introduced pathogen in the western palearctic region.

has been reported only in Europe and Africa on the American plant (). This fungus has never been found in the native range of its host, in arid ecosystems of northern and central Mexico and Texas, USA. It has been suggested to be a pathogen that can kill its host.

Patterns and determinants of elephant attacks on humans in Nepal.

Attacks on humans by Asian elephant () is an extreme form of human-elephant conflict. It is a serious issue in southern lowland Nepal where elephant-related human fatalities are higher than other wildlife. Detailed understanding of elephant attacks on humans in Nepal is still lacking, hindering to devising appropriate strategies for human-elephant conflict mitigation.

Antifibrotic effects and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in a systemic sclerosis mouse model: Possible contribution of miR-196b-5p.

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by the development of fibrosis in the skin and internal organs. Increasing evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to a treatment for fibrotic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that some of the biological effects of MSCs are due to the secretion of exosomes.

Inhibition of skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis by botulinum toxin B via the suppression of oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We previously identified that botulinum toxin (BTX) injection suppresses pressure ulcer formation in a cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model by regulation of oxidative stress. However, the therapeutic possibility of BTX administration for preventing skin fibrosis in SSc is unclear.

Suppression of neuropeptide by botulinum toxin improves imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis via the regulation of neuroimmune system.

Background: Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease arises from a complex interaction of genetics, immune system, and environmental aspects. IL-23/Th17 immune axis has been considered as a primary modulator in psoriasis. In addition, several findings imply that nervous system may take a part in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, suggesting that nervous system, through its neuropeptide, may interact with immune system and lead to the formation of psoriasis.

A multigene phylogeny toward a new phylogenetic classification of .

Fungi in the class are ecologically diverse, including mycorrhizas, endophytes of roots and leaves, plant pathogens, aquatic and aero-aquatic hyphomycetes, mammalian pathogens, and saprobes. These fungi are commonly detected in cultures from diseased tissue and from environmental DNA extracts. The identification of specimens from such character-poor samples increasingly relies on DNA sequencing.

Morphological and molecular characterization of and , two new species of Orbiliaceae from China.

This study examined over 20 fungal specimens of the Orbiliaceae (Orbiliomycetes) from different regions in China. Our analyses based on morphological traits and the ITS rDNA sequences revealed two new species with drechslerella-like asexual morphs. These new species are able to trap nematodes with constricting rings.

Sustained Drug Free Remission of Lupus Panniculitis with Methotrexate: A Case Report From Nepal.

Cutaneous manifestations are second most common presenting feature of lupus. Discoid lupus erythematosus is the most common variant amongst all; lupus panniculitis being described in only 2-5% of cases. Most cases of cutaneous lupus are associated with autoantibodies and either precede or follow the systemic manifestations of lupus.

Inflammatory variant of pachydermoperiostosis responding to methotrexate: a report of two cases.

Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare genetic disorder characterized by skin thickening, digital clubbing and periostitis. The pathogenesis is incompletely understood and there are no proven treatments for its manifestations. Although arthritis has been reported in 20-40% cases, most are non-inflammatory in nature and usually treated symptomatically with steroids or NSAIDs.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 785-867.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , and on unknown host plants. , on (incl. gen.

Ecological correlates of Himalayan musk deer .

Himalayan musk deer (; hereafter musk deer) are endangered as a result of poaching and habitat loss. The species is nocturnal, crepuscular, and elusive, making direct observation of habitat use and behavior difficult. However, musk deer establish and repeatedly use the same latrines for defecation.

A new species of (Leotiomycetes, Helotiales) from Western Siberia.

A new species of is described based on morphology and molecular data from a collection made in West Siberia. is differentiated by lanceolate, strongly protruding paraphyses and comparatively narrow, fusoid-clavate ascospores. The apothecia are urn-shaped due to a prominent and even collar as in .