Microembolic signal detection in acute ischemic stroke: Clinical relevance and impact on treatment individualization-A narrative review.

Background: Microembolic signals (MES) can be detected using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound in several clinical scenarios, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This narrative review aims to provide insights into their role in AIS patient management and outcomes.

Methods: The present narrative review consolidates current observational and randomized evidence on the prevalence and clinical relevance of MES in different AIS subtypes and settings.

Posterior cerebral circulation in children with sickle cell anemia: an uncharted territory.

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Robotic Assisted Transcranial Doppler Monitoring in Acute Neurovascular Care: A Feasibility and Safety Study.

Background: Transcranial color Doppler (TCD) is currently the only noninvasive bedside tool capable of providing real-time information on cerebral hemodynamics. However, being operator dependent, TCD monitoring is not feasible in many institutions. Robotic assisted TCD (ra-TCD) was recently developed to overcome these constraints.

Neurosonology Survey in Europe and Beyond.

 To provide an overview on education, training, practice requirements, and fields of application of neurosonology in Europe and beyond.  National representatives and experts in neurosonology were surveyed regarding neurosonology requirements and practice in their countries. Descriptive statistics were used to report the data.

The Impacts of the Multispecies Approach to Caffeine on Marine Invertebrates.

Caffeine is one of the most consumed substances by humans through foodstuffs (coffee, tea, drugs, etc.). Its human consumption releases a high quantity of caffeine into the hydrological network.

Detection of microemboli in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation suggests poor functional outcome.

Introduction: We investigated the burden of microembolic signals (MES) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and atrial fibrillation (AF), assessing their impact on functional outcomes.

Patients And Methods: This multicentre international prospective cohort study involved patients with AIS and either a known or newly diagnosed anticoagulant-naïve AF. All centres utilised the same transcranial Doppler machine for 1-h monitoring with bilateral 2 MHz probes within 24 h of symptom onset.

A common low dimensional structure of cognitive impairment in stroke and brain tumors.

Introduction: Neuropsychological studies infer brain-behavior relationships from focal lesions like stroke and tumors. However, these pathologies impair brain function through different mechanisms even when they occur at the same brain's location. The aim of this study was to compare the profile of cognitive impairment in patients with brain tumors vs.

Mechanical Thrombectomy in Cervical Artery Dissection-Related Stroke.

Background: Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) causing a large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke might represent a procedural challenge for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) impacting on its effects. The aim of the present study was to analyze safety, reperfusion rates, and clinical outcome of patients with CeAD treated by MT and compare these results with those obtained in non-CeAD patients.

Methods: All consecutive LVO stroke patients undergoing MT between June 2015 and June 2021 at our University Stroke Center were analyzed.

The Oxford cognitive screen (OCS) as an acute predictor of long-term functional outcome in a prospective sample of stroke patients.

The Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS) was developed to measure cognitive impairment in stroke. Here, we test if the OCS administered acutely in stroke patients provides useful information in predicting long-term functional outcome. A group of first-time stroke patients (n = 74) underwent an acute behavioral assessment comprising the OCS and the NIHSS within one-week post-stroke.

Relationship between hemoglobin, hemolysis, and transcranial Doppler velocities in children with sickle cell disease: Results from a long-term natural history study in Italy in the era of multimodal therapy.

Background: Stroke and cerebral vasculopathy are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a reliable and validated predictor of stroke risk. Children with conditional or abnormal TCD are at an increased risk for stroke, which can be mitigated by red blood cell transfusion or hydroxyurea.

Risk Profile of Patients with Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissection.

Objective: Epidemiological data to characterize the individual risk profile of patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCeAD) are rather inconsistent.

Methods And Results: In the setting of the Italian Project on Stroke in Young Adults Cervical Artery Dissection (IPSYS CeAD), we compared the characteristics of 1,468 patients with sCeAD (mean age = 47.3 ± 11.

Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with heart failure: the Italian registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the second most important cardiac risk factor for stroke after atrial fibrillation (AF). Few data are available on mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with HF.

Methods: The source of data is the multicentre Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke (IRETAS).

Systemic Neoplastic Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis Mimics Large Vessel Occlusion: A Case Report.

Introduction: We describe a systemic neoplastic cryoglobulinemic vasculitis presenting as a large vessel occlusion (LVO) syndrome. We focus on a rare presentation of a rare condition.

Case Report: A 68-year-old man was admitted to the Stroke Unit of Padova with a right middle cerebral artery syndrome.

The "SALPARE study" of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: part 1.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating type of stroke with a huge impact on patients and families. Expanded use of oral anticoagulants and ageing population might contribute to an epidemiological change. In view of these trends, we planned a study to obtain a contemporary picture and identify early prognostic factors to improve secondary prevention.

The "SALPARE study" of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage-part 2-early CT predictors of outcome in ICH: keeping it simple.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of hematoma characteristics and hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive adult patients with non-traumatic ICH admitted to three Italian academic hospitals (Salerno, Padova, Reggio Emilia) over a 2-year period. Early noncontrast CT (NCCT) features of the hematoma, including markers of HE, and 3-month outcome were recorded.

Multiparametric identification of subclinical atrial fibrillation after an embolic stroke of undetermined source.

Background: Subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) may represent a cause of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and its detection has important implications for secondary prevention with anticoagulation. Indications to implantable cardiac monitors (ICM) include SCAF detection. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate the frequency of ICM-detected SCAF; (2) determine predictors of SCAF; and (3) identify patients who would benefit most from ICM implantation.

SOFIA Nonwire Advancement techniKE 35 Technique: A Minimalist Approach to Stroke Thrombectomy.

Background: The Soft Torqueable Catheter Optimized for Intracranial Access (SOFIA) is a catheter designed to enable intracranial access, allowing for advancement, at least partially, without a microcatheter by a technique called SOFIA Nonwire Advancement techniKE (SNAKE). We propose a variation of this technique, called SOFIA Nonwire Advancement techniKE 35 (SNAKE35), in which the catheter is navigated by the intracatheter support of a 0.035-inch guidewire, allowing for rapid, distal intracranial access through a biaxial technique.