European Society of Coloproctology: Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of cryptoglandular anal fistula.

Aim: The primary aim of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) Guideline Development Group (GDG) was to produce high-quality, evidence-based guidelines for the management of cryptoglandular anal fistula with input from a multidisciplinary group and using transparent, reproducible methodology.

Methods: Previously published methodology in guideline development by the ESCP has been replicated in this project. The guideline development process followed the requirements of the AGREE-S tool kit.

Minimally Invasive Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: EPSIT Versus PEBAI Method.

Purpose: We aimed to compare endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSIT) and pit/sinus punch needle excision, brushing, ablation and irrigation (PEBAI) method that was performed with principles similar to EPSIT but without fistuloscope and vision in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD).

Methods: Patients who underwent EPSIT and PEBAI methods for PSD in a single center between January 2020 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was healing, the secondary endpoints were operative time, pain, wound closure, quality of life, cosmetic results, and cost.

Management and Morbidity of Major Pelvic Hemorrhage in Complex Abdominopelvic Surgery.

Introduction: Hemorrhage is a challenging complication of pelvic surgery. This study aimed to analyze the causes, management, and factors associated with morbidity in patients experiencing major pelvic hemorrhage during complex abdominopelvic surgery.

Methods: Patients who had major intraoperative pelvic hemorrhage during complex abdominopelvic surgery at 11 tertiary referral centers between 1997 and 2017 were included.

Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Consolidation Chemotherapy Is Safe and Effective in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Comparative Short-term Results of Multicenter Propensity Score Case-Matched Study.

Background: Consolidation chemotherapy strategies have demonstrated improved pathological complete response and tumor downstaging rates for patients diagnosed with rectal cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to compare perioperative outcomes and pathological complete response rates among different neoadjuvant treatment strategies in patients undergoing total mesorectal excision for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Design: Propensity score case-matched study.

Endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment vs. laser-assisted endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment: short-term results from a retrospective case-matched study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the addition of laser to the endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSIT), laser-assisted EPSIT (LEPSIT) has an effect on the method and clinical results in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD).

Methods: Between September 2019 and September 2020, patients who underwent LEPSIT and EPSIT procedures for PSD at Bursa Medicana Hospital, Turkey, were matched for age, pit location and number, body mass index (BMI), and sex. The primary endpoint was complete wound healing and the secondary endpoints were quality of life, cosmetic results, and cost.

Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: Rapid Recovery, Satisfactory Success, and High Quality of Life.

Purpose: In the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PD), endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSIT), a skin-sparing minimally invasive technique, has attracted attention as an effective treatment. The aim of this study to evaluate the treatment success, cosmetic outcomes, and the quality of life in the patients who underwent an EPSIT for PD.

Materials And Methods: The prospectively maintained data of 86 patients who underwent EPSIT for PD were retrospectively analyzed.

The effect of chemical insecticides on the scavenging performance of Steinernema carpocapsae: Direct effects and exposure to insects killed by chemical insecticides.

Entomopathogenic nematodes are used widely in biological insect control. Entomopathogenic nematodes can infect live insects as well as dead insects (i.e.

Botulinum toxin injection is an effective alternative for the treatment of chronic anal fissure.

Objectives: There are few published data on the optimized use of botulinum toxin A (BTA) for the treatment of chronic anal fissure (CAF). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of injection of 100 IU BTA into the internal anal sphincter (IAS) at the side opposite of the fissure, using an anal retractor, sedation, and perianal transcutaneous pudendal nerve block.

Methods: The prospectively maintained data of 132 patients who underwent BTA injection for CAF were retrospectively analyzed.

Environmental tolerance of entomopathogenic nematodes differs among nematodes arising from host cadavers versus aqueous suspension.

Environmental factors such as temperature and desiccation impact the survival and efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). Most studies on environmental tolerance have focused on EPNs applied in aqueous suspension. Another approach for EPN application is via infected host cadavers.

Long-term Outcomes of Laser Ablation of Fistula Tract for Fistula-in-Ano: A Considerable Option in Sphincter Preservation.

Background: Ablation of anal fistula tract using a radial laser-emitting probe is a sphincter-preserving technique.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess long-term outcomes of laser ablation of fistula tract.

Design: This was a retrospective analysis of the long-term outcomes of 100 patients who underwent laser ablation of fistula tract.

Evaluation of different sponge types on the survival and infectivity of stored entomopathogenic nematodes.

Sponges are one of the cheapest and most suitable substrates used to formulate and/or store the infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). Our study investigated the survival and infectivity of the IJs on five different sponges compared to that in an aqueous suspension (control). The sponges were Oasis® floral, Nanosponge, Scotchbrite, or Lysol® and natural sea sponge.

Colorectal cancer surgery in octogenarians.

Objective: The incidence of colorectal cancer becomes higher among octogenarians as the life expectancy increases. Whether advanced age is a risk factor for colorectal surgery is a matter of debate. In the present study, the clinical results of octogenarians who underwent colorectal cancer surgery are discussed to find an answer to this question.

Hand-assisted Laparoscopy: Expensive but Considerable Step Between Laparoscopic and Open Colectomy.

Purpose: Hand-assisted laparoscopic colectomy (HALC) and laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (LAC) have been shown to have comparable short-term outcomes while there are limited data regarding costs. The aim of our study was to compare the short-term outcomes and costs of HALC and LAC.

Materials And Methods: In total, 46 patients who underwent HALC or LAC for benign or malignant disease between January 2011 and December 2014 at our institution were included in the study.

Microbiological aspects of Fournier's gangrene.

Background: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a devastating disease that is characterized by necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal, genital, or perianal region. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the key component of its treatment. However, there is paucity of data regarding the optimal empirical antibiotherapy for FG.

Gender does not affect the prognosis of Fournier's gangrene: a case-matched study.

Background: Female gender is accepted as a poor prognostic factor for Fournier's gangrene (FG). However, there is a paucity of data in the literature regarding this matter. This case-matched study was designed to investigate the impact of gender on outcomes of FG.

Response of three cyprinid fish species to the Scavenger Deterrent Factor produced by the mutualistic bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes.

The symbiotic bacteria, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus associated with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, respectively, produce a compound(s) called the Scavenging Deterrent Factor (SDF). SDF deters a number of terrestrial insect scavengers and predators and one bird species from feeding on host insects killed by the nematode-bacterium complex but has not been tested against aquatic vertebrates. Moreover, the Heterorhabditis-Photorhabdus association is believed to have evolved in an aquatic environment.

Malignant glomus tumor with oncocytic features: an unusual presentation of dysphagia.

Glomus tumors in the gastrointestinal tract are unusual, as the previous series in the literature have been mainly limited to the stomach. Less than 10 cases of esophageal glomus tumors have been described in the literature. Oncocytic glomus tumors are a recently identified, rare variant of the glomus tumor.

Early graft dysfunction and mortality rate in marginal donor liver transplantation.

Background/aim: To determine the effect of marginal donor livers on mortality and graft survival in liver transplantation (LT) recipients.

Materials And Methods: Donors with any 1 of following were considered marginal donors: age ≥65 years, sodium level ≥ 165 mmol/L and cold ischemia time ≥ 12 h. Donors were classified according to the donor risk index (DRI) < 1.

Fournier's gangrene: review of 120 patients and predictors of mortality.

Background: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a devastating and potentially fatal disease requiring prompt and aggressive debridement. In this study, it was aimed to assess the predictors of mortality in a large cohort.

Methods: Prospectively maintained data of patients with FG were analyzed.

Thyroid hemiagenesis associated with retrosternal nodular goiter: a case report.

Thyroid hemiagenesis can be associated with various thyroid pathologies such as papillary thyroid cancer or nodular goiter. However, we did not encounter any publication in the literature in which hemiagenesis could be observed together with retrosternal goiter. In this report, a thyroid hemiagenesis associated with a benign nodular goiter extending retrosternally is reported.

Laser ablation of fistula tract: a sphincter-preserving method for treating fistula-in-ano.

Background: Lasers are used to treat various types of diseases, including fistula-in-ano. Until recently, the lasers used for this procedure radiated linear energy.

Objective: To assess the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing ablation of fistula in-ano tract using a new laser that radiates circumferential energy.

Perianal mantle cell lymphoma mimicking an external thrombosed hemorrhoid: a case report.

Introduction: Malignancies of the anal margin and perianal skin are relatively uncommon, and account for approximately 2% to 3% of all anorectal malignancies. Despite the fact that gastrointestinal presentation of lymphoma is not uncommon, primary localization of mantle cell lymphoma to the perianal region is rare.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 64-year-old Turkish man with a rapidly progressive perianal mass.

Scavenger deterrent factor (SDF) from symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes.

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are symbiotically associated with bacteria in the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, respectively. The symbiotic bacteria produce a chemical compound(s) that deterred ants from feeding on nematode-killed insects (i.e.