Power, data and social accountability: defining a community-led monitoring model for strengthened health service delivery.

Introduction: Despite international commitment to achieving the end of HIV as a public health threat, progress is off-track and existing gaps have been exacerbated by COVID-19's collision with existing pandemics. Born out of models of political accountability and historical healthcare advocacy led by people living with HIV, community-led monitoring (CLM) of health service delivery holds potential as a social accountability model to increase the accessibility and quality of health systems. However, the effectiveness of the CLM model in strengthening accountability and improving service delivery relies on its alignment with evidence-based principles for social accountability mechanisms.

Programme science methodologies and practices that address "FURRIE" challenges: examples from the field.

Introduction: "Programme science" deploys scientific methods to address questions that are a priority to support the impact of public health programmes. As such, programme science responds to the challenges of making such studies: (1) feasible to undertake, (2) useful, (3) rigorous, (4) real-world-relevant, (5) informative, and undertaken by (6) equitable partnerships. The acronym "FURRIE" is proposed to describe this set of six challenges.

Defining community-led monitoring and its role in programme-embedded learning: lessons from the Citizen Science Project in Malawi and South Africa.

Introduction: Programme Science (PS) and community-led monitoring (CLM) intersect in unexpected and promising ways. This commentary examines a CLM initiative in Malawi and South Africa to highlight the crucial role of CLM in bolstering the PS framework. By leveraging data sources often overlooked by conventional research and evaluation approaches, CLM emerges as a pivotal element in enhancing programme effectiveness.

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Context: Abdominal trauma (AT) appears to be frequent in Haiti, which is confronted with recurrent socio-political violence.

Objective: To study patients admitted for AT to the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Tabarre trauma centre (Port-au-Prince), and the circumstances of occurrence.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data from January 2020 to December 2021.

Exploring 10 years of dissemination of the F-words for Child Development: A multifaceted case study.

Background: There is growing interest in exploring how to move research findings into practice. Since 2014, a team of families and researchers has been working to promote and study the dissemination of the "F-words for Child Development" (Function, Family, Fitness, Fun, Friends, and Future). This case study describes our dissemination strategies and uses the Diffusion of Innovation theory to understand the factors contributing to the uptake of the F-words-a function-promoting, strengths-based, and family-centred innovation in child health and development.

The continuing role of communities affected by HIV in sustained engagement in health and rights.

Introduction: The meaningful involvement of persons affected by a disease is a unique aspect of the HIV response that places people living with (PLHIV) and those directly affected by HIV (peers) at the centre of the design, development and implementation of service delivery and research and policy making. The principle of greater involvement of PLHIV (GIPA) has and will increasingly ensure equitable access to services and engagement of marginalized groups in the HIV response, and to health services more broadly. This paper describes the history, current place in the HIV response and potential future role of PLHIV and communities in health responses.

The case for an HIV cure and how to get there.

In light of the increasing global burden of new HIV infections, growing financial requirements, and shifting funding landscape, the global health community must accelerate the development and delivery of an HIV cure to complement existing prevention modalities. An effective curative intervention could prevent new infections, overcome the limitations of antiretroviral treatment, combat stigma and discrimination, and provide a sustainable financial solution for pandemic control. We propose steps to plan for an HIV cure now, including defining a target product profile and establishing the HIV Cure Africa Acceleration Partnership (HCAAP), a multidisciplinary public-private partnership that will catalyse and promote HIV cure research through diverse stakeholder engagement.

Community-Led Monitoring: When Community Data Drives Implementation Strategies.

Purpose Of Review: Communities occupy a central position in effective health systems, notably through monitoring of health service quality and by giving recipients of care a voice. Our review identifies community-led monitoring mechanisms and best practices.

Recent Findings: Implementation of community-led monitoring mechanisms improved service delivery at facility-level, health system-wide infrastructure and health outcomes among recipients of care.

The Hidden Curriculum: A Good Thing?

Introduction The hidden curriculum is defined as a set of influences that function at the level of the organizational structure and culture to impact learning. Literature supports the significant impact of the hidden curriculum on all levels of learners in medical education. Our project aims to capture the messages being delivered to healthcare providers at our local facility.

Occupational Therapy in the ICU: A Scoping Review of 221 Documents.

Objectives: Occupational therapists have specialized expertise to enable people to perform meaningful "occupations" that support health, well-being, and participation in life roles. Given the physical, cognitive, and psychologic disability experienced by ICU survivors, occupational therapists could play an important role in their recovery. We conducted a scoping review to determine the state of knowledge of interventions delivered by occupational therapists in adult ICU patients.

The missed potential of CD4 and viral load testing to improve clinical outcomes for people living with HIV in lower-resource settings.

In a Policy Forum, Peter Ehrenkranz and colleagues discuss the contribution of CD4 and viral load testing to outcomes for people with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

A Web-Based Knowledge Translation Resource for Families and Service Providers (The "F-Words" in Childhood Disability Knowledge Hub): Developmental and Pilot Evaluation Study.

Background: The "F-words in Childhood Disability" (Function, Family, Fitness, Fun, Friends, and Future) are an adaptation and an attempt to operationalize the World Health Organization's (2001) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. Since the paper was published (November 2011), the "F-words" have attracted global attention (>12,000 downloads, January 2018). Internationally, people have adopted the "F-words" ideas, and many families and service providers have expressed a need for more information, tools, and resources on the "F-words".

Community and activists demand for tenofovir/emtricitabine or lamivudine/dolutegravir and routine viral load testing.

Purpose Of Review: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, informed communities have demanded and fought for access to life-saving treatment. The last several years have seen interesting developments in this area - particularly with respect to the switch to dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimens and scale-up of routine viral load testing (RVLT), and how these directly and indirectly impact issues of treatment optimization, HIV drug resistance, and sexual and reproductive health. In this review, we present recent advances in antiretroviral treatment and monitoring in the context of how treatment education and community demand for them.

Linking occupational therapy models and assessments to the ICF to enable standardized documentation of functioning.

Background.: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) can serve as reference for standardized documentation of health in clinical practice.

Purpose.

Internationally educated occupational therapists transitioning to practice in Canada: A qualitative study.

Background/aim: While internationally educated occupational therapists (IEOTs) may assist Western countries in addressing workforce shortages, their transition to practice can be difficult. Provincial and national levels of government in Canada have funded initiatives to address the barriers experienced by IEOTs. The purpose of this study is to identify the key forces shaping the experiences of IEOTs transitioning to practice in Canada.

Using the ICF in transition research and practice? Lessons from a scoping review.

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and subsequent ICF-CY (child and youth version) recognize the importance of personal and environmental factors in facilitating holistic transition planning and service delivery for youth with chronic health conditions (YCHC).

Aims: The objective of this scoping review is to investigate the degree to which the ICF and ICF-CY have been used in transition research and practice since its initial publication.

Methods: Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodological framework guided the scoping review using the following databases: AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, HealthSTAR, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO.

International Occupational Therapy Research Priorities.

Occupational therapy is a global profession represented by the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT). International research priorities are needed for strategic guidance on global occupational therapy practice. The objective of this study was to develop international research priorities to reflect global occupational therapy practice.

Quantification of IGF-1 Receptor May Be Useful in Diagnosing Polycythemia Vera-Suggestion to Be Added to Be One of the Minor Criterion.

Endogenous erythroid colony (EEC) formation is one of the minor criteria for diagnosing polycythemia vera (PV) according to 2008 WHO diagnostic criteria. But EEC requires bone marrow aspiration and sophisticated laboratory procedures; therefore, practically it is rarely used to diagnose PV. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) was found to be constitutively phosphorylated and was responsible for the EEC formation in PV; therefore, we measured IGF-1R levels in the peripheral blood of 26 PV patients and compared them with those of 33 patients with secondary polycythemia and 29 normal controls.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Although BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)--and especially myelofibrosis (MF)--are recognized to be associated with autoimmune phenomena, immune derangements in MPN have been much less studied. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are one type of important immune modulator cell. Therefore, we studied MDSCs in MPN disease.