Process improvement of high aspect ratio nano-gratings based on synchrotron x-ray.

To achieve better structural accuracy and aspect ratio, nano-gratings with a vertical angle close to 90° and a depth-to-width ratio of about 8 were prepared by synchrotron radiation. The optimal exposure dose and development time were determined to be 0.006 (A·h) and 6 min, respectively, by observing the surface loss and roughness of the gratings with slit widths of 150 nm and 250 nm under different conditions.

Design, Manufacture and Test of Piezoelectric Cantilever-Beam Energy Harvesters with Hollow Structures.

This article presents a single-crystal piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) with a trapezoidal hollow hole that can obtain high energy density at low frequency. Harvesters with a hollow structure were fabricated through a series of manufacturing processes such as thermocompression bonding, screen printing and laser cutting. Finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results showed that using low modulus brass instead of stainless steel as the PEH substrate enhances the voltage output of the device, and the hollow design greatly increases the overall stress level and power density.

[The effect of TFF3 on the proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma K1 cell].

Objective: To explore the effect on proliferation and invasion of human papillary thyroid carcinoma K1 cells by application of small hairpin RNA (shRNA) silencing TFF3 gene expression.

Method: Using liposome transfection method, TFF3-shRNA targeting of TFF3 gene will be transient transfected to papillary thyroid carcinama K1 cells, inducing the corresponding gene silencing. The experiment set up blank control group (Con group), negative control group (ConNC group) and interference group (TFF3-shRNA group).

Biomechanical comparison of bionic, screw and Endobutton fixation in the treatment of tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries.

Background: The two prevalent fixation methods in the treatment of syndesmosis injuries, the rigid screw fixation and flexible Endobutton fixation, are not without issues; thus, we have designed a novel bionic fixation method which combines the features of both rigid and flexible fixations. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of the bionic fixation to the screw and Endobutton fixations.

Methods: Six normal fresh-frozen legs from amputation surgery were used.

Gray level entropy matrix is a superior predictor than multiplex ELISA in the detection of reactive stroma and metastatic potential of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Recent reports have indicated that not only the primary glandular tissue but also the surrounding stromal tissue plays an active role in the progression of carcinoma. Such is true for cancer tissues arising in the prostate. However, the precise role of stromal tissue in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate adenocarcinoma is not well described.

A novel technology: percutaneous injection of fibrin glue as a treatment for frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

In this study, we examined the effectiveness of percutaneous injected fibrin glue as a treatment for frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea in a series of 4 cases. All 4 patients had fracture in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus. The anterior wall of the frontal sinus was punctured following high-resolution computed tomography imaging.

Evaluating glymphatic pathway function utilizing clinically relevant intrathecal infusion of CSF tracer.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's are associated with the aggregation of endogenous peptides and proteins that contribute to neuronal dysfunction and loss. The glymphatic system, a brain-wide perivascular pathway along which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) rapidly exchange, has recently been identified as a key contributor to the clearance of interstitial solutes from the brain, including amyloid β. These findings suggest that measuring changes in glymphatic pathway function may be an important prognostic for evaluating neurodegenerative disease susceptibility or progression.

'Hit & Run' model of closed-skull traumatic brain injury (TBI) reveals complex patterns of post-traumatic AQP4 dysregulation.

Cerebral edema is a major contributor to morbidity associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The methods involved in most rodent models of TBI, including head fixation, opening of the skull, and prolonged anesthesia, likely alter TBI development and reduce secondary injury. We report the development of a closed-skull model of murine TBI, which minimizes time of anesthesia, allows the monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP), and can be modulated to produce mild and moderate grade TBI.