Undernutrition affects metabolism and immune response in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pregnant ewes.

Pregnant ewes mobilize body fat to increase energy supply for fetal growth and development upon undernutrition, which disrupts the metabolic homeostasis of the body. However, the comprehensive metabolic changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue upon undernutrition are poorly understood. In this study, an undernutrition sheep model was established to investigate the effects of undernutrition on metabolic changes, immune response, and inflammation in subcutaneous fat through transcriptome, RT-qPCR, and metabolome analysis.

Flexural Behavior of BFRP Bar-Recycled Tire Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams.

This research advocates for the use of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars and recycled tire steel fibers to reinforce concrete beams. Six concrete beams were constructed using different volume contents of recycled tire steel fibers (0, 0.5%, 1.

Mineralizing Biofilm towards Sustainable Conversion of Plastic Wastes to Hydrogen.

The integration of inorganic materials with biological machinery to convert plastics into fuels offers a promising strategy to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis. Herein, we develop a type of hybrid living material via biomineralization of CdS onto Shewanella oneidensis-based biofilm, which is capable of sustainable hydrogen production from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) wastes under daylight. We reveal that the formed biofilm microstructure provides an independent anaerobic microenvironment that simultaneously supports cellular viability, maintains hydrogenase activity, and preserves the functional stability of CdS, giving rise to the efficient plastic-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency as high as 3751 μmol H g-1 PLA.

Study on confined interface electron enhanced ethanol to hydrogen conversion by .

Conjugated polymer coatings enhance bacteria with eco-friendly energy use. A new hybrid system boosts hydrogen production by @polypyrrole (@PPy) through interface electron transfer and hydrogel encapsulation. To maximize the output, we studied hydrogen metabolism using various techniques and found that conductive polymer modification facilitated electron transfer, affecting intracellular pathways.

Catalytic metal-nucleotide coordinative cytoskeleton on algae cell towards photosynthetic hydrogen production under air.

A metal-nucleotide coordinative cytoskeleton with ascorbate oxidase-like catalytic behavior was constructed on an individual algae cell wall, which endows the engineered cells with the capability of self-generating a localized hypoxic microenvironment around the cell surface, and thus allows the functionality switching from photosynthetic oxygen production to efficient hydrogen evolution for over one month.

Titanium Surfaces Modified with Graphene Oxide/Gelatin Composite Coatings for Enhanced Antibacterial Properties and Biological Activities.

Titanium alloys have been widely used in orthopedic implants due to their excellent physicochemical properties and good biocompatibility. However, in practice, titanium implants may fail to integrate or develop an implant-centered infection. Because of its excellent mechanical properties, bone integrability, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and so on, graphene oxide is increasingly being used in the preparation of composite biomaterials.

Free-Radical Cascade Generated by AIPH/FeO-Coloaded Nanoparticles Enhances MRI-Guided Chemo/Thermodynamic Hypoxic Tumor Therapy.

Free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), play a critical role in determining cell's fate. When the level of free radicals is increased to a fatal value, it causes cancer cells to undergo senescence or cell death. Strategies that target this mechanism offer promising therapies against cancer.

Emodin inhibits the proliferation of papillary thyroid carcinoma by activating AMPK.

Emodin has been demonstrated to serve antitumor roles in a variety of tumor types, but the effect of emodin on papillary thyroid carcinoma and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, the role of emodin on papillary thyroid carcinoma was analyzed and . TPC-1 cells were treated with emodin (0, 10, 25 or 50 µM), and cell viability and apoptosis were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively.

Prognostic evaluation model for papillary thyroid cancer: a retrospective study of 660 cases.

Background: Prognostic evaluation model for papillary thyroid cancer is very important for guiding the personalized treatment and follow-up strategy. There are imperfections in the system existed, and there is no suitable prognostic model for Chinese population.

Methods: This study was based on the clinic and follow-up data of 660 patients received surgical treatments in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 2000 to 2005.

Increased thyroid malignancy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Multiple studies have reported the increased incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). However, the underlying risk factors of concomitant thyroid cancer in patients with PHPT remain unknown. The primary aim of this study was to examine the records of patients with PHPT to identify characteristics that correlated with the presence of coexisting thyroid nodules, and which may have an implication for the prediction of thyroid cancer.

Inhibition of Rac1 reverses enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Enzalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor, has been clinically approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in the United States. However, patients only benefit from enzalutamide for a short period of time as resistance may develop. Therefore, it is vital to develop a novel strategy to overcome enzalutamide resistance.

Neuroprotective Effects of Lindleyin on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cell Injury and MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease in C57BL/6 Mice.

Oxidative stress (OS) is a crucial factor influencing the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we first reported that Lindleyin (), one of the major components of rhubarb, possessed neuroprotective effects against HO-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury and MPTP-induced PD of C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that can decrease cell death and apoptotic rate induced by HO through inhibiting mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and increasing the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT as well as decreasing the level of MDA.

Automated radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of Al[F]F-NOTA-P-GnRH for PET imaging of GnRH receptor-positive tumors.

Introduction: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor is overexpressed in many human tumors. Previously we developed a F-labelled GnRH peptide. Although the GnRH-targeted PET probe can be clearly visualized by microPET imaging in a PC-3 xenograft model, clinical applications of the probe have been limited by complex labeling procedures, poor radiochemical yield, and unwanted accumulation in GnRH receptor negative tissues.

1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 inhibits the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and regulates proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the effects of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)D] on the proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and to investigate its possible mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line TPC-1 was cultured, and the cells were divided into control group, the 1,25-(OH)D group, and the 1,25-(OH)D + ML-098 (Ras agonist) group. Cell proliferation was observed by MTT.

Molecular characterization and transcription analysis of DNA methyltransferase genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

DNA methylation plays an important role in plant growth and development, gene expression regulation, and maintenance of genome stability. However, only little information regarding stress-related DNA methyltransferases (MTases) genes is available in tomato. Here, we report the analysis of nine tomato MTases, which were categorized into four known subfamilies.

Pancreatic stem cells differentiate into insulin-secreting cells on fibroblast-modified PLGA membranes.

Diabetes mellitus is an epidemic worldwide. Pancreatic stem cells can be induced to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells, this method is an effective way to solve the shortage of islet donor. Poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) copolymer is an excellent scaffold for tissue engineering as it presents good biocompatibility and film forming properties.

Cornin protects SH‑SY5Y cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation‑induced autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

It has been reported that cornin may reduce neuronal death during cerebral ischemia; however, little is known about the molecular mechanism of the role of corninin autophagy in SH‑SY5Y neuronal cells. In the present study, oxygen‑glucose deprivation (OGD)‑treated cells were used as a cerebral ischemia model in vitro. The results demonstrated that cornin was able to reduce neuronal cell loss, increase the apoptosis regulator Bcl‑2/apoptosis regulator BAX ratio, and decrease the protein levels of caspase‑3.

Construction of functional pancreatic artificial islet tissue composed of fibroblast-modified polylactic- co-glycolic acid membrane and pancreatic stem cells.

Objective To improve the biocompatibility between polylactic- co-glycolic acid membrane and pancreatic stem cells, rat fibroblasts were used to modify the polylactic- co-glycolic acid membrane. Meanwhile, we constructed artificial islet tissue by compound culturing the pancreatic stem cells and the fibroblast-modified polylactic- co-glycolic acid membrane and explored the function of artificial islets in diabetic nude mice. Methods Pancreatic stem cells were cultured on the fibroblast-modified polylactic- co-glycolic acid membrane in dulbecco's modified eagle medium containing activin-A, β-catenin, and exendin-4.

Application experience of intraoperative neuromonitoring in thyroidectomy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize the experience of intraoperative neuromonitoring system for monitoring and protection of recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery.

Methods: There were 220 cases in this study, male 53, female 167, mean age 38.2 years old.

BRAF-Activated Long Noncoding RNA Modulates Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Proliferation through Regulating Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor.

Purpose: The importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis has recently been demonstrated. However, the role of lncRNAs in development of thyroid cancer remains largely unknown.

Materials And Methods: Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, expression of three lncRNAs, including BRAF-activated long noncoding RNA (BANCR), papillary thyroid cancer susceptibility candidate 3 (PTCSC3), and noncoding RNA associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and growth arrest (NAMA), was investigated in the current study.

F-18 FDG in conjunction with 11C-choline PET/CT in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) alone has limited sensitivity for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We hoped to improve the diagnostic sensitivity by combining F-18 FDG and C-choline PET/CT.

Materials And Methods: A total of 76 consecutive patients with HCC were prospectively enrolled.

A facile and rapid automated synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine.

Aim: To develop a simplified and fully automated synthesis procedure of 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine ([(18)F]FLT) using PET-MF-2V-IT-I synthesis module.

Methods: Synthesis of [(18)F]FLT was performed using PET-MF-2V-IT-I synthesis module by one-pot two-step reaction procedure, including nucleophilic fluorination of 3-N-t-butoxycarbonyl-1-[5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxy triphenylmethyl)-2'-deoxy-3'-O-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-beta-d-threopentofuranosyl]thymine (15mg) as the precursor molecule with [(18)F]fluoride, and subsequent hydrolysis of the protecting group with 1.0M HCl at the same reaction vessel and purification with SEP PAK cartridges instead of the HPLC system.

[Radiosynthesis of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor radioligand [N-methyl-(11)C]PK 11195 as an imaging agent for positron emission tomography].

Objective: To establish a protocol of automated synthesis of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-[(11)C]methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide ((11)C-PK11195) as the positron-emitter-labeled ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) using a commercial synthesizer and explore the quality control methods for the resulting product.

Methods: (11)C-methyl iodide ((11)C-CH(3)I) was synthesized via liquid-phase distillation approach using a (11)C-iodomethane synthesizer. (11)C-PK11195 was prepared by (11)C-methylation of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide (N-demethyl-PK 11195) as the precursor with (11)C-CH(3)I and purified by semi-preparative reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

A simplified one-pot automated synthesis of [18F]FHBG for imaging reporter gene expression.

Background: 9-(4-[F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl) guanine ([F]FHBG) has been used as a reporter probe to image the expression of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (TK) reporter gene in living organisms with positron emission tomography (PET). However, the routine production of [F]FHBG presents many challenging laboratory requirements.

Aim: To develop a simple one-pot fully-automated synthesis procedure of [F]FHBG amenable for its routine use in reporter gene expression PET imaging studies.