Tailoring the p of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Probes to Visualize Aggrephagy and Resolve Its Microenvironmental Viscosity.

Aggrephagy describes lysosomal transport and degradation of protein aggregates via cellular macroautophagy, a key mechanism to prevent neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we develop a dual-probe method to visualize the aggrephagy process and resolve its viscosity heterogeneity using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). The dual-probe system consists of (1) a near-infrared lysosomal targeting FLIM probe (Lyso-P1) that is derived from a rhodamine scaffold with a tailored p value to accommodate an acidic lysosomal environment and (2) a green BODIPY-based FLIM probe (Agg-P2) that reports on degradation of cellular aggregates via HaloTag.

NRhFluors: Quantitative Revealing the Interaction between Protein Homeostasis and Mitochondria Dysfunction via Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.

Degenerative diseases are closely related to the changes of protein conformation beyond the steady state. The development of feasible tools for quantitative detection of changes in the cellular environment is crucial for investigating the process of protein conformational variations. Here, we have developed a near-infrared AIE probe based on the rhodamine fluorophore, which exhibits dual responses of fluorescence intensity and lifetime to local viscosity changes.

Versatile Fluorescence Lifetime-Based Copper Probe to Quantify Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Reveal Its Interaction with Protein Aggregation.

Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is an important signal of apoptosis. Additionally, protein misfolding and aggregation are closely related to diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancers. However, the interaction between MMP changes and disease-related protein aggregation was rarely studied.

Fluorogenic methodology for visualization of phase separation in chemical biology.

Phase separation is a common biological phenomenon in the liquid environment of organisms. Phase separation has been shown to be a key cause of many existing incurable diseases, such as the protein aggregates formed by phase separation of Alzheimer's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, . Tracking the occurrence of phase separation is critical to many disease detection methods and solving many treatment problems.

A two-enzyme system in an amorphous metal-organic framework for the synthesis of D-phenyllactic acid.

In this study, we synthesized an amorphous metal-organic framework by adjusting the concentration of precursors, and established a two-enzyme system consisting of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), which successfully achieved coenzyme recycling, and applied it to the synthesis of D-phenyllactic acid (D-PLA). The prepared two-enzyme-MOF hybrid material was characterized using XRD, SEM/EDS, XPS, FT-IR, TGA, CLSM, In addition, reaction kinetic studies indicated that the MOF-encapsulated two-enzyme system exhibited faster initial reaction velocities than free enzymes due to its amorphous ZIF-generated mesoporous structure. Furthermore, the pH stability and temperature stability of the biocatalyst were evaluated, and the results indicated a significant improvement compared to the free enzymes.

Construction of a red emission fluorescent probe for selectively detection of cysteine in living cells.

Cysteine (Cys) is a vital amino acid in the body, and its abnormal expression level is associated with many diseases. In this study, a novel fluorescent probe ACHB was synthesized, showing high selectivity, anti-interference ability and achieving accurate detection of cysteine. Different from most previous off-on probes, ACHB showed an on-off fluorescence response to Cys.

Rational Modulation of BODIPY Photosensitizers to Design Metal-Organic Framework-Based NIR Nanocomposites for High-Efficiency Photodynamic Therapy in a Hypoxic Environment.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising noninvasive treatment that has drawn great attention. However, the hypoxic environment in tumors seriously limits the therapeutic effect of oxygen-dependent chemicals and PDT. Herein, a versatile nanocomposite DF-BODIPY@ZIF-8 with oxygen-generating ability was developed based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) by loading the near-infrared photosensitizer DF-BODIPY to overcome hypoxia-induced drug resistance in cancer therapy.

A chemical biology toolbox to overcome the hypoxic tumor microenvironment for photodynamic therapy: a review.

Cancer is a disease that seriously threatens human health. Over the past few decades, researchers have continued to find ways to cure cancer. Currently, the most commonly used clinical techniques are surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and so on.

Recent developments on nanomaterial probes for detection of pesticide residues: A review.

The accumulation of pesticide residues may cause harm to the human body and the environment. Traditional chromatographic methods are limited by stringent testing conditions, so it is necessary to develop convenient and efficient methods for pesticide residue detection. Fluorescence assays have great potential in the development of portable detection tools due to their fast response and intuitive visualization.

Lactate dehydrogenase encapsulated in a metal-organic framework: A novel stable and reusable biocatalyst for the synthesis of D-phenyllactic acid.

In this study, we synthesized a novel biocatalyst by encapsulating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the metal-organic framework ZIF-90 by one-pot embedding. It showed strong biological activity for efficient synthesis of D-phenyllactic acid (D-PLA). The morphology and structure of LDH@ZIF-90 was systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and gas sorption.

Recent advances on the one-pot synthesis to assemble size-controlled glycans and glycoconjugates and polysaccharides.

Glycans and glycoconjugates in nature include macromolecules with important biological activities and widely distributed in all living organisms. These oligosaccharides and polysaccharides play important roles in a variety of normal physiological and pathological processes, such as cell metastasis, signal transduction, intercellular adhesion, inflammation, and immune response. However, the heterogeneity of naturally occurring glycans and glycoconjugates complicates detailed structure-activity relationship studies resulting in an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms of action and hindering further applications.

Detection of Carboxylesterase 1 and Chlorpyrifos with ZIF-8 Metal-Organic Frameworks Using a Red Emission BODIPY-Based Probe.

In this work, a red emission fluorescent probe CBZ-BOD@zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was fabricated based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for detecting carboxylesterase 1 (CES1). The small molecule probe CBZ-BOD was first synthesized and then used to prepare the functionalized MOF material. ZIF-8 was chosen as an encapsulation shell to improve the detection properties of CBZ-BOD.

Construction of a red emission fluorescent protein chromophore-based probe for detection of carboxylesterase 1 and carbamate pesticide in culture cells.

Designing fluorescent probe for detecting carboxylesterase 1 is remains challenging. Herein, a red emission human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) probe (CAE-FP) was synthesized based on fluorescent protein chromophore. Probe CAE-FP can specific detect human CES1 with high selectively.

Lysosome targeting metal-organic framework probe LysFP@ZIF-8 for highly sensitive quantification of carboxylesterase 1 and organophosphates in living cells.

Herein, a lysosomal targeting LysFP@ZIF-8 metal-organic framework (MOF) was fabricated using fluorescent protein chromophore-based probe (LysFP) for selectively detection of carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) in living cells. Unlike the regular small molecule fluorescent probes, LysFP@ZIF-8 showed wide range pH tolerabiligy, high selectivity and sensitivity to CES1 in bio-samples, and was successfully applied to achieve the visual monitoring of CES1 activity in living cells. Low detection limit and high fluorescence quantum yield was calculated as 79 ng/mL and 0.

A minireview of viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes: design and biological applications.

Microenvironment-related parameters like viscosity, polarity, and pH play important roles in controlling the physical or chemical behaviors of local molecules, which determine the physical or chemical behaviors of surrounding molecules. In general, changes of the internal microenvironment will usually lead to cellular malfunction or the occurrence of relevant diseases. In the last few decades, the field of chemicobiology has received great attention.

Recent development of synthetic probes for detection of hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite.

Hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HOCl/OCl), as one of the most important reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in various physiological and pathological processes. Nonproperly located or abnormal concentration of OCl, however, is associated with many diseases. Thus, developing the fluorescent probe for detecting OCl is of great significance.

A lysosome targeting probe based on fluorescent protein chromophore for selectively detecting GSH and Cys in living cells.

The low-molecular weight biothiols like glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) play many important roles in various biological processes, the imbalance of biothiols level will lead to many diseases. However, methods that can selectively detect the GSH and Cys was rarely reported because of the similar reactivity and structure. Here, a fluorogenic method was presented to selectively detect the GSH and Cys in vitro using probe ML-FP based on fluorescent protein mimics.

Synthesis of a BODIPY disulfonate near-infrared fluorescence-enhanced probe with high selectivity to endogenous glutathione and two-photon fluorescent turn-on through thiol-induced SAr substitution.

A BODIPY disulfonate BODIPY-diONs with two-photon fluorescent turn-on effect was developed as fluorescence probe for selective detection of glutathione over cysteine and homocysteine. BODIPY-diONs is weakly fluorescent due to the 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl quencher group. When GSH was added, a SAr substitution reaction was triggered.

Near-infrared BODIPY-based two-photon ClO probe based on thiosemicarbazide desulfurization reaction: naked-eye detection and mitochondrial imaging.

Hypochlorite serves as a significant antimicrobial agent in the human immune system, and its detection is of great importance. Herein, a novel near-infrared BODIPY-based ClO fluorescent probe (NCS-BOD-OCH) was designed and synthesized. The emission bands of NCS-BOD-OCH concentrated at 595 nm and 665 nm.

A novel triphenylamine-BODIPY dendron: click synthesis, near-infrared emission and a multi-channel chemodosimeter for Hg and Fe.

A novel triphenylamine-BODIPY based Schiff base fluorescent probe (TPA-BODIPY-OH) with an emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region was designed and prepared by click reaction. TPA-BODIPY-OH showed three emission bands at 510 nm, 598 nm and 670 nm, and can detect Fe and Hg ions with remarkable fluorescence enhancement in THF/HO (v/v, 1 : 1, buffered with 10 mM HEPES pH = 7.4) based on the hydrolysis reaction of the -C[double bond, length as m-dash]N bond, and naked eye detection was realized with an obvious color change.