A Survey of Mean Glandular Doses and Suggestions on National Diagnostic Reference Levels for Digital Mammography in China.

The primary purpose of this study was to report the mean glandular doses and to determine the national diagnostic reference levels for digital mammography based on data between 2016 and 2018 in China. The data from 19,076 mammograms (4,769 examinations) by random sampling from 118 digital mammography systems were compiled. Exposure factors included age, compressed breast thickness, kVp, mAs, target/filter combination, entrance surface air kerma, and mean glandular doses, which were retrospectively surveyed and recorded from the monitor.

Results and analysis of examination doses for paediatric CT procedures based on a nationwide survey in China.

Objective: To report the results of a dose survey conducted across 31 provinces in mainland China from 2017 to 2018 and to analyse the dose level to determine the national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for paediatric CT procedures.

Methods: At least ten patients for each age group (0- < 1, 1- < 5, 5- < 10, 10- < 15 years) and each procedure (head, chest and abdomen) for each CT scanner were selected from four to eight hospitals in each province. The dose information (CTDI and DLP) was collected from the HIS or RIS-PACS systems.

Perioperative Measurement of Radiation Exposure to Radiation-Sensitive Organs of Patients Undergoing Lumbar Surgeries Using a Thermoluminescent Dosimeter.

Objective: To introduce a method of accurately measuring the equivalent dose received by radiation-sensitive organs using the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and to provide reference values for future studies associated with radiation protection in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgeries.

Methods: After careful selection and preparation, TLD chips were used to obtain measurements from the eyes, thyroid glands, breasts, and gonads of 20 patients undergoing lumbar spine surgeries. The results were obtained via air kerma conversion-related calculations.