Hypobaric hypoxia causes low fecundity in zebrafish parents and impairment of skeletal development in zebrafish embryos and rat offspring.

Hypobaric Hypoxia (HH) negatively affects the cardiovascular and respiratory systems as well as gonadal development and the therefore next generation. This study investigated the effects of HH on zebrafish and SD rats, by exposing them to a low-pressure environment at 6000 m elevation for 30 days to simulate high-altitude conditions. It was indicated that parental zebrafish reared amh under HH had increased embryo mortality, reduced hatchability, and abnormal cartilage development in the offspring.

Understanding the toxicity mechanism of gelsemine in zebrafish.

Gelsemium elegans (GE), also known as Duanchangcao, is a plant associated with toxic symptoms related to the abdomen; however, the toxicity caused by GE remains unknown. Gelsemine (GEL) is an alkaloid extracted from GE and is one of the most toxic alkaloids. This study used zebrafish as an animal model and employed high-throughput gene sequencing to identify genes and signaling pathways related to GEL toxicity.

Inhibitory Effect of Acetaminophen on Ocular Pigmentation and its Relationship with Thyroxine in Zebrafish Embryos.

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol; APAP) is one of the most widely used analgesics. To examine the toxicity of APAP, we used zebrafish embryos as model animals to detect the effect of APAP on the thyroid system of zebrafish embryos. The zebrafish embryos were exposed to APAP from 4 h post fertilization (4 hpf) until observation.

Spatiotemporal Visualization of Paraquat Distribution, Toxicokinetics, and Its Detoxification in Zebrafish Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Paraquat is a highly toxic quaternary ammonium herbicide. It can damage the functions of multiple organs and cause irreversible pulmonary fibrosis in the human body. However, the toxicological mechanism of paraquat is not yet fully understood, and due to the lack of specific antidotes, the clinical treatment of paraquat intoxication is still a great medical challenge.

Occurrence and Chemical Control Strategy of Wheat Brown Foot Rot Caused by .

Wheat brown foot rot (WBFR), caused by a variety of phytopathogenic fungi, is an important soilborne and seedborne disease of wheat. WBFR causes wheat lodging and seedling dieback, which seriously affect the yield and quality of wheat. In this study, 64 isolates of WBFR were isolated from different wheat fields in Yancheng city, Jiangsu Province, China.

Activated Carbon nanoparticles Loaded with Metformin for Effective Against Hepatocellular Cancer Stem Cells.

Introduction: Hepatocellular cancer stem cells (CSCs) play crucial roles in hepatocellular cancer initiation, development, relapse, and metastasis. Therefore, eradication of this cell population is a primary objective in hepatocellular cancer therapy. We prepared a nanodrug delivery system with activated carbon nanoparticles (ACNP) as carriers and metformin (MET) as drug (ACNP-MET), which was able to selectively eliminate hepatocellular CSCs and thereby increase the effects of MET on hepatocellular cancers.

KSS-ICP: Point Cloud Registration based on Kendall Shape Space.

Point cloud registration is a popular topic that has been widely used in 3D model reconstruction, location, and retrieval. In this paper, we propose a new registration method, KSS-ICP, to address the rigid registration task in Kendall shape space (KSS) with Iterative Closest Point (ICP). The KSS is a quotient space that removes influences of translations, scales, and rotations for shape feature-based analysis.

Penetrating the Blood-Brain Barrier for Targeted Treatment of Neurotoxicant Poisoning by Nanosustained-Released 2-PAM@VB1-MIL-101-NH(Fe).

It is very important to establish a sustained-release pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) drug system with brain targeting function for the treatment of neurotoxicant poisoning. Herein, Vitamin B1 (VB1), also known as thiamine, which can specifically bind to the thiamine transporter on the surface of the blood-brain barrier, was incorporated onto the surface of MIL-101-NH(Fe) nanoparticles with a size of ∼100 nm. Pralidoxime chloride was further loaded within the interior of the above resulted composite by soaking, and a resulting composite drug (denoted as 2-PAM@VB1-MIL-101-NH(Fe)) with a loading capacity of 14.

Evolution of Benzimidazole Resistance Caused by Multiple Double Mutations of β in .

Cucumber target leaf spot caused by has devastated greenhouse cucumber production. In our previous study, the resistance monitoring of to carbendazim was carried out, and a large number of resistant populations carrying various mutations (M163I&E198A, F167Y&E198A, F200S&E198A, or E198A) in β were detected. However, the single-point mutations M163I, F167Y, and F200S have remained undetected.

Intrinsic and Isotropic Resampling for 3D Point Clouds.

With rapid development of 3D scanning technology, 3D point cloud based research and applications are becoming more popular. However, major difficulties are still exist which affect the performance of point cloud utilization. Such difficulties include lack of local adjacency information, non-uniform point density, and control of point numbers.

Risk assessment and molecular mechanism of Fusarium incarnatum resistance to phenamacril.

Background: Cucumber fruit rot (CFR) caused by Fusarium incarnatum is a devastating fungal disease in cucumber. In recent years, CFR has occurred frequently, resulting in serious yield and quality losses in China. Phenamacril exhibits a specific antifungal activity against Fusarium species.

Profilin 2 and Endothelial Exosomal Profilin 2 Promote Angiogenesis and Myocardial Infarction Repair in Mice.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, wherein myocardial infarction (MI) is the most dangerous one. Promoting angiogenesis is a prospective strategy to alleviate MI. Our previous study indicated that profilin 2 (PFN2) may be a novel target associated with angiogenesis.

Developmental disorders caused by cefixime in the otic vesicles of zebrafish embryos or larvae.

To explore the developmental toxicity of cefixime (CE) in the developmental disorder and toxicity mechanism of CE on otic vesicles, zebrafish embryos were used as an animal model. The results showed that CE increased mortality in a dose-dependent manner and decreased the hatching rate of zebrafish larva at 96 hpf. Interestingly, CE significantly reduced the area of the saccule and utricle, as well as the area of otic vesicles in zebrafish larvae (p < 0.

Chloroperoxidase-catalyzed oxidative degradation of sulfur mustard.

As a natural heme protein catalyzing the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides without sulfone formation, chloroperoxidase (CPO) is well suited for the degradation of sulfur mustard (HD), a persistent chemical warfare agent that has been widely disposed since World War II and continuously leaks into aquatic environments. Herein, we report the first systematic investigation of CPO-catalyzed degradation of HD and the potential application of CPO in destroying chemical weapons under mild conditions. The related Michaelis-Menten parameters (K=0.

Approximate Intrinsic Voxel Structure for Point Cloud Simplification.

A point cloud as an information-intensive 3D representation usually requires a large amount of transmission, storage and computing resources, which seriously hinder its usage in many emerging fields. In this paper, we propose a novel point cloud simplification method, Approximate Intrinsic Voxel Structure (AIVS), to meet the diverse demands in real-world application scenarios. The method includes point cloud pre-processing (denoising and down-sampling), AIVS-based realization for isotropic simplification and flexible simplification with intrinsic control of point distance.

Alkoxy cyanoacrylate-based nanoparticles with stealth and brain-targeting properties.

Nanoparticles (NPs) with 'stealth' properties have been designed to decrease the phagocytosis of such particles by mononuclear phagocytes and to protect them from enzymatic degradation, thus improving circulation time and bioavailability after intravenous administration. Brain-targeting modifications endow NPs with the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, facilitating chemotherapy for brain diseases such as glioma. In this study, newly designed alkoxy cyanoacrylate (CA)-based NPs with stealth and brain-targeting properties were synthesised and evaluated.

Substance P containing peptide gene delivery vectors for specifically transfecting glioma cells mediated by a neurokinin-1 receptor.

Gene therapy provides a promising treatment for glioblastoma multiforme, which mainly depends on two key aspects, crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB) effectively and transfecting target cells selectively. In this work, we reported a series of peptide-based vectors for transfecting glioma cells specifically consisting of several functional segments including a cell-penetrating peptide, targeting segment substance P (SP), an endosomal escape segment, a PEG linker and a stearyl moiety. The conformations and DNA-loading capacities of peptide vectors and the self-assembly behaviors of peptide/pGL3 complexes were characterized.

Particle hydrodynamic simulation of thrombus formation using velocity decay factor.

Background And Objective: Thrombus simulation plays an important role in many specialist areas in the field of medicine such as surgical education and training, clinical diagnosis and prediction, treatment planning, etc. Although a considerable number of methods have been developed to simulate various kinds of fluid flows, it remains a non-trivial task to effectively simulate thrombus because of its unique physiological properties in contrast to other types of fluids. To tackle this issue, this study introduces a novel method to model the formation mechanism of thrombus and its interaction with blood flow.

BKM120 sensitizes glioblastoma to the PARP inhibitor rucaparib by suppressing homologous recombination repair.

PARP inhibitors have been approved for the therapy of cancers with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency based on the concept of "synthetic lethality". However, glioblastoma (GBM) patients have gained little benefit from PARP inhibitors due to a lack of BRCA mutations. Herein, we demonstrated that concurrent treatment with the PARP inhibitor rucaparib and the PI3K inhibitor BKM120 showed synergetic anticancer effects on GBM U251 and U87MG cells.

Diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Pinus thunbergii coastal forests bordering the Yellow Sea of China.

Ectomycorrhizas play a fundamental role in the function of forest ecosystems, being essential for plant nutrition absorption and soil quality. Many afforestation and reforestation programmes have begun to recover and maintain coastal forests in China, using pine species including Pinus thunbergii. We investigated the ectomycorrhizal colonization status of P.

Ilomastat contributes to the survival of mouse after irradiation via promoting the recovery of hematopoietic system.

Ilomastat, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), has drawn attentions for its function in alleviating radiation damage. However, the detailed mechanisms of Ilomastat's protection from animal model remain not fully clear. In this study, the C57BL/6 mice were pre-administrated with Ilomastat or vihicle for 2 h, and then total body of mice were exposed to 6 Gy of γ-rays.

Peptide Gene Delivery Vectors for Specific Transfection of Glioma Cells.

Gene therapy offers an alternative approach to malignant glioma; however, glioma cells are difficult to transfect. Peptides, as nonviral vectors, can achieve efficient gene transfection in glioma cells due to their good biocompatibility and easy functionalization. In this article, we reported a series of peptide vectors, which were composed of amphiphilic α-helical segments, cationic cell-penetrating segments, and cysteine and glycine residues.

Digoxin Enhances the Anticancer Effect on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer While Reducing the Cardiotoxicity of Adriamycin.

Digoxin is widely used to treat heart failure. Epidemiological studies suggested it might be used as an anticancer drug or sensitizing agent for cancer therapy. Adriamycin is a well-known anticancer drug, but often causes cardiotoxicity which limits its use.

Chiral toxicity of muscone to embryonic zebrafish heart.

Musk compounds are often used as to treat heart-related diseases and are widely used in Asia. Muscone is one of the most important physiologically active compounds of natural musk. Muscone is a chiral compound and can be further classified into S-muscone and R-muscone and both are present in synthetic musk.