Jumping Characteristics of Broiler Breeder Hens at Different Perching Platform Heights.

Excessive mating is a significant welfare concern for floor-reared broiler breeder hens. Perches have shown potential as a solution to mitigate this issue; however, limited research is available on the design parameters of perches. Understanding the jumping characteristics of broiler breeder hens is crucial for designing safe and functional perches.

Stable sequential dynamics in prefrontal cortex represents subjective estimation of time.

Time estimation is an essential prerequisite underlying various cognitive functions. Previous studies identified 'sequential firing' and 'activity ramps' as the primary neuron activity patterns in the medial frontal cortex (mPFC) that could convey information regarding time. However, the relationship between these patterns and the timing behavior has not been fully understood.

Temporal recall in the shadow of emotion: separate emotional contexts during encoding enhance the temporal source memory retrieval.

Episodic memory, with its emphasis on temporal-spatial contexts, has been a longstanding focus in memory research. While previous studies have investigated the role of emotion in temporal source memory using emotionally charged stimuli, such as emotional words or images, the influence of a separated emotional context remains less explored. This study sought to understand the impact of separate emotional contexts on temporal source memory.

Assessing Temperature Distribution inside Commercial Stacked Cage Broiler Houses in Winter.

The temperature inside broiler houses is crucial to broiler health, welfare, and productivity. High stocking density in broiler houses can easily lead to nonuniform temperature conditions, which would cause broilers to suffer cold and heat stress. It is essential to assess the temperature distribution inside broiler houses and investigate the factors that affect temperature uniformity.

Brain markers of subtraction and multiplication skills in childhood: task-based functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity.

Arithmetic, a high-order cognitive ability, show marked individual difference over development. Despite recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have enabled the identification of brain markers for individual differences in high-order cognitive abilities, it remains largely unknown about the brain markers for arithmetic. This study used a data-driven connectome-based prediction model to identify brain markers of arithmetic skills from arithmetic-state functional connectivity and individualized structural similarity in 132 children aged 8 to 15 years.

Effects of Low-Pressure Systems on Temperature, Humidity, Egg Production, and Feed Utilization Efficiency in Large-Scale Poultry Houses during Summer.

Low-pressure systems (LPSs) are among the most critical weather systems, producing excessive precipitation that causes air temperatures to drop and rise considerably. Acute temperature changes directly affect poultry feed intake (FI) and laying performance. To explore the effects of LPSs on hens, the parameters of air temperature, relative humidity, egg production, and feed utilization efficiency were evaluated during different LPSs in three houses.

Sex differences in large-scale brain network connectivity for mental rotation performance.

Mental rotation has emerged as an important predictor for success in science, technology, engineering, and math fields. Previous studies have shown that males and females perform mental rotation tasks differently. However, how the brain functions to support this difference remains poorly understood.

Effects of Incubation Light on Behaviour, Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, and Digestive Enzymes in Post-Hatch Layer Chicks.

Manipulation of light during incubation may have an effect on post-hatch chicks through the role of prenatal stage. The effects of providing different wavelengths of light (white, blue, and green lights, dark as control) during incubation on the growth performance, organ development, immune response, stress related hormones, digestive enzymes and behaviour of post-hatch chicks were investigated for 1-42 days. A total of 60 chicks per light treatment in three batches were used in this study.

"As a parent, I want to do more for my child": A phenomenological approach to understanding the experiences of parents involved in surgical decision-making for children with congenital hand anomalies.

Background: A congenital anomaly of the hand can affect both function and appearance, and places a stressful psychological burden on the family, especially parents. Surgery during infancy may prevent later disabilities, but little is known of the importance of parents' involvement in these decisions in terms of psychological adjustment or treatment satisfaction.

Objective: To understand parents' perceptions of involvement in their child's surgery for limb anomaly, and their preferences for the support of healthcare professionals.

Construction of a Chinese traditional instrumental music dataset: A validated set of naturalistic affective music excerpts.

Music is omnipresent among human cultures and moves us both physically and emotionally. The perception of emotions in music is influenced by both psychophysical and cultural factors. Chinese traditional instrumental music differs significantly from Western music in cultural origin and music elements.

Association between stressful life events and sleep quality in Chinese university students: Mediating and moderating roles of emotion regulation.

This study investigated whether emotion regulation mediates or modulates the relationship of SLEs with sleep quality and potential sex differences. A total of 1447 Chinese university students completed the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The results indicated that both cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression significantly mediated and moderated the negative association between SLEs and sleep quality.

Chinese version of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire: psychometric properties and clinical applications.

Background: The alexithymia trait is of high clinical interest. The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was recently developed to enable detailed facet-level and valence-specific assessments of alexithymia.

Aims: In this paper, we introduce the first Chinese version of the PAQ and examine its psychometric properties and clinical applications.

Cross-cultural adaptation and clinical application of the Perth Empathy Scale.

Objective: Alterations of empathy have been observed in patients with various mental disorders. The Perth Empathy Scale (PES) was recently developed to measure a multidimensional construct of empathy across positive and negative emotions. However, its psychometric properties and clinical applications have not been examined in the Chinese context.

Laminar Distribution of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 in the Prefrontal Cortex of Nonhuman Primates.

Cannabis is an annual herb of the genus Cannabis, with a history of medical use going back thousands of years. However, its abuse causes many side-effects, including confusion of consciousness, alienation, and mental disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. Research conducted on rodents suggests that there are two types of cannabinoid receptors-cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R).

Comprehensive evaluation of treating drinking water for laying hens using slightly acidic electrolyzed water.

Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is well-known for its highly potent antibacterial properties and safe residue-free nature. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted on 2 disinfection methods for waterline cleaning in poultry houses: (1) continuously add SAEW into the waterline and (2) the conventional waterline disinfection method, which includes regular use of high-concentration chemical disinfectant for soaking the waterline and flushing with water. The evaluation focused on the effects of these methods on bacteria levels in laying hens' drinking water, the fecal normal rate of laying hens, egg quality, as well as the economic costs and water footprint associated with each method.

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens under 8 stocking densities measured by integrative deep learning techniques.

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens provide quantitative measures to calculate and optimize space allocations for bird flocks. However, these metrics were often measured manually and have not been examined for different stocking densities of laying hens. The objectives of this study were to 1) integrate and develop several deep learning techniques to detect interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens; and 2) examine the 2 metrics under 8 stocking densities via the developed techniques.

Negative emotion amplifies retrieval practice effect for both task-relevant and task-irrelevant information.

Selective retrieval of task-relevant information often facilitates memory retention of that information. However, it is still unclear if selective retrieval of task-relevant information can alter memory for task-irrelevant information, and the role of emotional arousal in it. In two experiments, we used emotional and neutral faces as stimuli, and participants were asked to memorise the name (who is this person?) and location (where does he/she come from?) associated with each face in initial study.

Associations between physical activity and proactive control and the modulating role of working memory.

Accumulating evidence indicates positive associations between physical activity (PA) and cognitive control. Proactive control, the ability to maintain goal-relevant information in preparation of upcoming task demands, is a critical component of cognitive control. However, little research has examined the association between PA and proactive control.

Dissection of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis neuronal subtypes in feeding regulation.

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays an important role in feeding regulation through projections to other brain areas. However, whether functional distinctions exist within different BNST cells is not clear. Here, we found optogenetic activation of LH-projecting BNST neurons induced aversion and significantly reduced consumption of normal chow but not high-fat diets (HFD).

Dural sinus septum: an underlying cause of cerebral venous sinus stenting failure and complications.

Objectives: The presence of dural sinus septum has long been identified anatomically but is often neglected for its clinical significance. Our findings revealed the association of dural sinus septum with venous sinus stenting failure and complications supported by clinical evidence.

Methods: This retrospective study included 185 consecutive patients treated with cerebral venous sinus stenting from January 2009 to May 2022.

Microglia are involved in regulating histamine-dependent and non-dependent itch transmissions with distinguished signal pathways.

Although itch and pain have many similarities, they are completely different in perceptual experience and behavioral response. In recent years, we have a deep understanding of the neural pathways of itch sensation transmission. However, there are few reports on the role of non-neuronal cells in itch.

A subpopulation of CD146 macrophages enhances antitumor immunity by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.

As one of the main tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) determine the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, limited knowledge about their phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous nature restricts their application in tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we identified a subpopulation of CD146 TAMs that exerted antitumor activity in both human samples and animal models.