Effects of Diverse Crop Rotation Sequences on Rice Growth, Yield, and Soil Properties: A Field Study in Gewu Station.

This long-term field study conducted in Yancheng, China, evaluated the effects of diverse crop rotation sequences on rice growth, yield, and soil properties. Six rotation treatments were implemented from 2016 to 2023 as follows: rice-wheat (control), rice-rape, rice-hairy vetch, rice-barley, rice-faba bean, and rice-winter fallow. Rice growth parameters, yield components, biomass accumulation, and soil properties were measured.

Distribution of mudsnail Bullacta caurina along smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora invasion stages on a coast of the Yellow Sea, China.

On a Chinese coast of the Yellow Sea, a 15-year Spartina alterniflora invasion sequence was classified into five stages: no invasion, initial invasion, immature invasion, mature invasion, and senescing invasion. The effects of invasion on Bullacta caurina distribution were studied. The stem density and vegetation coverage, and sediment organic matter content increased after S.

Body Size and Weight of Pill Bugs () Vary between Urban Green Space Habitats.

Rapid urban development poses a threat to global biodiversity. At the same time, urban green spaces offer opportunities for holding biodiversity in cities. Among biological communities, the soil fauna plays a crucial role in ecological processes but is often ignored.

Transcriptome analysis of immune-related genes in Sesarmops sinensis hepatopancreas in reaction to peptidoglycan challenge.

Sesarmops sinensis is a dominant omnivorous crab species, which plays an important ecological function in salt marsh ecosystems. To better understand its immune system and immune related genes under pathogen infection, the transcriptome was analyzed by comparing the data of S. sinensis hepatopancreas stimulated by PBS and PGN.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Paralithodes platypus provides insights into evolution and adaptation of king crabs.

The blue king crab, Paralithodes platypus, which belongs to the family Lithodidae, is a commercially and ecologically important species. However, a high-quality reference genome for the king crab has not yet been reported. Here, we assembled the first chromosome-level blue king crab genome, which contains 104 chromosomes and an N50 length of 51.

A novel modulation of physiological regulation in cultured Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir japonica sinensis) in response to consistent salinity changes.

The life history of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir japonica sinensis) includes two migrations: a feeding migration and a reproductive migration. Ambient salinity is one of the most critical factors during migration. In this study, the salinity adaptation mechanism of Chinese mitten crabs was simulated using continuous salinity changes.

Succession of macrofaunal communities and environmental properties along a gradient of smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora invasion stages.

The exotic species smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is recognized as an important invasive species in China, introduced about 40 years ago. The consistent smooth cordgrass invasion significantly modified the coastal ecosystem. Understanding the ecological succession and mechanisms of wetland soil ecosystems is essential for biological conservation after the landscape change resulting from the smooth cordgrass invasion.

High-Quality Genome Assembly of Reveals Its Unique Genome Evolution.

As an important freshwater aquaculture species in China, the Chinese mitten crab () has high economic and nutritional value. However, limited genomic information is currently available for studying its basic development and genetic diversity. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing on Oxford Nanopore Technologies Limited's platform using promethION.

Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals the unique genome evolution of the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus).

Background: The swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, is an important commercial species in China and is widely distributed in the coastal waters of Asia-Pacific countries. Despite increasing interest in swimming crab research, a high-quality chromosome-level genome is still lacking.

Findings: Here, we assembled the first chromosome-level reference genome of P.

A non-mammalian Toll-like receptor 26 (TLR26)gene mediates innate immune responses in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

In this study, we identified a fish-specific Toll-like receptor (TLR) in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, an economically important freshwater fish in China. This TLR, PfTLR26, was shown to be encoded by a 3084 bp open reading frame (ORF), producing a polypeptide 1027 amino acids in length. The PfTLR26 protein contains a signal peptide, eight leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, two LRR_TYP domains in the extracellular region, and a Toll/interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (TIR) domain in the cytoplasmic region, consistent with the characteristic TLR domain architecture.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of Eriocheir japonica sinensis response to environmental salinity.

Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir japonica sinensis) are catadromous, spending most of their lives in fresh water, but moving to a mixed salt-fresh water environment for reproduction. The characteristics of this life history might imply a rapidly evolutionary transition model for adaptation to marine from freshwater habitats. In this study, transcriptome-wide identification and differential expression on Chinese mitten crab groups were analysed.

Transcriptome Analysis of Hepatopancreas from the Cr (VI)-Stimulated Mantis Shrimp ( Oratosquilla oratoria) by Illumina Paired-End Sequencing: Assembly, Annotation, and Expression Analysis.

Cr (VI), the pathogenicity factor, is widely known to cause toxic effects in living organisms. Given the economic importance of the mantis shrimp ( Oratosquilla oratoria), the understanding of impacts by Cr (VI) is considered important. In this study, transcriptome of mantis shrimp was characterized by a comparison between control and Cr (VI)-treated samples using RNA-seq approach.

A small heat shock protein 21 (sHSP21) mediates immune responses in Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi.

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are conserved among insects and play an important role in the regulation of many biological processes, including temperature stress, abiotic stress, immune responses, metamorphosis, and embryo development. Antheraea pernyi is an economically valuable silk-producing moth and source of insect food containing high-quality protein. The aim of this study was to quantify expression of the ApsHSP21 gene in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) challenge.

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Chinese Oak Silkworm Antheraea pernyi in Response to Lead Challenge.

Antheraea pernyi is a commercially cultivated silk moth and a source of insect food with high-quality protein. Insects suffer oxidative stress on exposure to heavy metals, and reactive oxygen species are cleared by antioxidant enzymes. To gain better understanding of the antioxidant defense system of A.

The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project.

The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.

Characterization of immune-related genes in the yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in response to LPS challenge.

Fish are considered an excellent model for studies in comparative immunology as they are a representative population of lower vertebrates linked to invertebrate evolution. To gain a better understanding of the immune response in fish, we constructed a subtractive cDNA library from the head kidney of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). A total of 300 putative EST clones were identified which contained 95 genes, including 27 immune-related genes, 7 cytoskeleton-related genes, 3 genes involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis, 9 respiration and energy metabolism-related genes, 7 genes related to transport, 24 metabolism-related genes, 10 genes involved in stress responses, seven genes involved in regulation of transcription and translation and 59 unknown genes.

Molecular evolution of mitochondrial coding genes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in malacostraca: purifying selection or accelerated evolution?

The mitochondrion is the energy-producing factory of eukaryotic cells, in which oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the main pathway for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by cellular respiration. Because of their vital role in metabolism, mitochondrial proteins are predicted to evolve primarily under constant purifying selection. However, all mitochondrial coding genes of malacostraca had a significantly higher synonymous nt divergence (Ks) in this study.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) was determined to be 15,883 bp (GenBank accession No. KM009121), which contains 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes and a major non-coding A + T-rich region. It has the typical gene organization and order of mitogenomes from ancestral insects.

Comparative phylogeography of two marine species of crustacean: Recent divergence and expansion due to environmental changes.

Environmental changes, such as changes in the coastal topography due to Eurasian plate movements, climate oscillation during the Pleistocene, and alteration of ocean currents, have complicated the geographical structure of marine species and deepened their divergence between populations. As two widely distributed species of crustacean (Oratosquilla oratoria and Eriocheir japonica), weak differences were expected due to their high dispersal potential of planktonic larvae with ocean currents. However, results showed a significant genetic divergence between north of China and south of China in the study.

The redivision of geographic population and genetic structure of Eriocheir in the West-Pacific Ocean.

Mitten crabs (Eriocheir) were widely distributed in the West-Pacific Ocean. In response to change of temperature during the Pleistocene, they were forced into repeated cycle of glacial retreat and interglacial expansion. In the study, genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Eriocheir were analysed by mtDNA markers.

The impact of sodium aescinate on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in rats.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Currently, several surfactant or anti-inflammatory drugs are under test as treatments for ALI. Sodium aescinate (SA) has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antiedematous effects.

Pilot postoperative ileus study of escin in cancer patients after colorectal surgery.

Background: Postoperative ileus, a common complication in patients after abdominal surgery, brings no benefit to the recovery of postoperative patients, and treatment targeted at restoring gastrointestinal motility may shorten the hospital stay. Studies have shown that escin accelerates gastrointestinal transit in mice and improves gastrointestinal motility in patients after abdominal surgery. A pilot study of escin's effect on the recovery of gastrointestinal motility was conducted in colorectal cancer patients in anticipation of a multiple-center randomized controlled trial.