Nucleo-cytosolic acetyl-CoA drives tumor immune evasion by regulating PD-L1 in melanoma.

Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), a versatile central metabolite, plays a critical role in various metabolic processes and protein acetylation. While its impact on tumor cell properties is well established, the connection between acetyl-CoA metabolism and immune evasion in tumors remains unclear. Here, we uncover a mechanism by which nucleo-cytosolic acetyl-CoA contributes to immune evasion through regulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Oral Diabetes Medication Videos on Douyin: Analysis of Information Quality and User Comment Attitudes.

Background: Oral diabetes medications are important for glucose management in people with diabetes. Although there are many health-related videos on Douyin (the Chinese version of TikTok), the quality of information and the effects on user comment attitudes are unclear.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of information and user comment attitudes related to oral diabetes medication videos on Douyin.

A Transtheoretical Model-Based Online Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence for Chinese Adults Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Mixed-Method Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in China, with medication non-adherence being a significant contributor to uncontrolled T2DM. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has shown effectiveness in chronic disease management, but few studies have applied it in online interventions for T2DM medication adherence.

Aim: The study aimed to develop and investigate the effects of a TTM-based online health education program on promoting positive stage of change (SOC) movement, improving self-efficacy and medication adherence, as well as reducing HbA1c levels in newly diagnosed patients with T2DM.

ACSS2 enables melanoma cell survival and tumor metastasis by negatively regulating the Hippo pathway.

Introduction: Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), one of the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA, has been proved to be an oncogene in various cancers. However, the function of ACSS2 is still largely a black box in melanoma.

Methods: The ACSS2 expression was detected in melanoma cells and melanocytes at both protein and mRNA levels.

SIRT7 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis to render the adaptive resistance to MAPK inhibition in melanoma.

Melanoma, arising from the malignant transformation of melanocytes, stands as the most lethal type of skin cancer. While significant strides have been made in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, substantially enhancing therapeutic efficacy, the prognosis for melanoma patients remains unoptimistic. SIRT7, a nuclear-localized deacetylase, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and adapting to external stressors in melanoma, with its activity closely tied to intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

Tumorous IRE1α facilitates CD8T cells-dependent anti-tumor immunity and improves immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma.

Background: Tumor cells frequently suffer from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Previous studies have extensively elucidated the role of tumorous unfolded protein response in melanoma cells, whereas the effect on tumor immunology and the underlying mechanism remain elusive.

Methods: Bioinformatics, biochemical assays and pre-clinical mice model were employed to demonstrate the role of tumorous inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) in anti-tumor immunity and the underlying mechanism.

Stressful Life Events and Problem Gambling Among Chinese Lottery Gamblers: The Mediating Effects of Coping Strategies and Magical Thinking.

Problem gambling poses serious harm to individuals and societies worldwide. This study aims to investigate the relationship between stressful life events and problem gambling, and further explore the mediating role of coping strategies and magical thinking. Currently, the research on problem gambling is widely conducted worldwide.

BCAT2 promotes melanoma progression by activating lipogenesis via the epigenetic regulation of FASN and ACLY expressions.

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer originating from the malignant transformation of epidermal melanocyte. The dysregulation of cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, including in melanoma. Aberrant branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) metabolism and related enzymes has been greatly implicated in the progression of multiple types of cancer, whereas remains far from understood in melanoma.

BCKDHA contributes to melanoma progression by promoting the expressions of lipogenic enzymes FASN and ACLY.

The dysregulation of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and related enzymes has been greatly implicated in the progression of multiple types of cancer, whereas remains far from understood in melanoma. Here, we explored the role of the BCAA metabolism enzyme BCKDHA in melanoma pathogenesis and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. In vitro cell biology experiments and in vivo pre-clinical mice model experiments were performed to investigate the role of BCKDHA in melanoma progression.

SIRT7 orchestrates melanoma progression by simultaneously promoting cell survival and immune evasion via UPR activation.

Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer, originating from the malignant transformation of melanocyte. While the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has gained revolutionary advances in potentiating the therapeutic effect, the prognosis of patients with melanoma is still suboptimal. During tumor progression, melanoma frequently encounters stress from both endogenous and exogenous sources in tumor microenvironment.

Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Exacerbates Ferroptosis and Increases the Efficacy of Melanoma Immunotherapy via the Regulation of MITF.

Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, resulting from the malignant transformation of epidermal melanocytes. Recent revolutionary progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy has prominently improved the treatment outcome, but the survival of melanoma patients remains suboptimal. Ferroptosis is greatly involved in cancer pathogenesis and can execute the outcome of immunotherapy.

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of .

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of was reported. The whole mitochondrial genome was 21,565bp in length with a typical mitochondrial genomic structure including 13 protein-coding genes, 23 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 1 control region (D-loop). Mitogenome base composition was biased toward A + T content, at 60.

Melatonin Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Suppressing the p38MAPK Signaling Pathway in LPS-Induced Sheep Orchitis.

Gram-negative bacterial infections of the testis can lead to infectious orchitis, which negatively influences steroid hormone synthesis and spermatogenesis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall, acts via toll like receptors 4 (TLR4) to trigger innate immune responses and activate nuclear factor kappa B signaling. The protective mechanisms of melatonin on LPS-induced infectious orchitis have not been reported.

Preliminary investigation demonstrating the GHITM gene probably involved in apoptosis and growth of the golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata).

Background: Growth hormone inducible transmembrane protein (GHITM) is a highly conserved transmembrane protein. This study was conducted to investigate the role of GHITM gene in the apoptosis and growth of the golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculate.

Results: The complete cDNA of this gene was cloned using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method and subjected to bioinformatics analysis.

Melatonin Reduces Androgen Production and Upregulates Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Granulosa Cells from PCOS Patients with Hypoestrogenia and Hyperandrogenia.

Background/aims: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by abnormal hormone levels in peripheral blood and poor-quality oocytes. PCOS is a pathophysiological syndrome caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of melatonin regulation on androgen production and antioxidative damage in granulosa cells from PCOS patients with hypoestrogenia and hyperandrogenia.

Effects of virtual reality rehabilitation training on gait and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.

Objective: In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been tested as a therapeutic tool in neurorehabilitation research. However, the impact effectiveness of VR technology on for Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients is still remains controversial unclear. In order to provide a more scientific basis for rehabilitation of PD patients' modality, we conducted a systematic review of VR rehabilitation training for PD patients and focused on the improvement of gait and balance.

In-vitro differentiation of early pig spermatogenic cells to haploid germ cells.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renew and contribute genetic information to the next generation. Pig is wildly used as a model animal for understanding reproduction mechanisms of human being. Inducing directional differentiation of porcine SSCs may be an important strategy in exploring the mechanisms of spermatogenesis and developing better treatment methods for male infertility.

Transposon-Mediated Transgenesis in the Pacific Oyster () - First Time in Mollusks.

As an effective method of transgenesis, the plasmid of transposon containing GFP () transposon system has been widely used in various organisms but not yet in mollusks. In this work, containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was transferred into the Pacific oyster () by sperm-mediated gene transfer with or without electroporation. Fluorescent larvae were then observed and isolated under an inverted fluorescence microscope, and insertion of was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA as template.

Erratum to: Over-expression of Toll-like receptor 2 up-regulates heme oxygenase-1 expression and decreases oxidative injury in dairy goats.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0136-2.].

Over-expression of Toll-like receptor 2 up-regulates heme oxygenase-1 expression and decreases oxidative injury in dairy goats.

Background: Mastitis, an infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria, produces udder inflammation and oxidative injury in milk-producing mammals. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is important for host recognition of invading Gram-positive microbes. Over-expression of in transgenic dairy goats is a useful model for studying various aspects of infection with Gram-positive bacteria, in vivo.

Melatonin promotes development of haploid germ cells from early developing spermatogenic cells of Suffolk sheep under in vitro condition.

Promotion of spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) differentiation into functional sperms under in vitro conditions is a great challenge for reproductive physiologists. In this study, we observed that melatonin (10(-7) M) supplementation significantly enhanced the cultured SSCs differentiation into haploid germ cells. This was confirmed by the expression of sperm special protein, acrosin.

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Reduces Oxidative Injury via Glutathione Activity in Sheep.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important sensor of Gram-negative bacteria and can trigger activation of the innate immune system. Increased activation of TLR4 can lead to the induction of oxidative stress. Herein, the pathway whereby TLR4 affects antioxidant activity was studied.

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Promotes NO Synthesis by Upregulating GCHI Expression under Oxidative Stress Conditions in Sheep Monocytes/Macrophages.

Many groups of Gram-negative bacteria cause diseases that are harmful to sheep. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is critical for detecting Gram-negative bacteria by the innate immune system, is activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Oxidation intermediates are essential activators of oxidative stress, as low levels of free radicals form a stressful oxidative environment that can clear invading pathogens.