Alzheimer's Disease Related Biomarkers Were Associated with Amnestic Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and occurs through multiple mechanisms, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and the involvement of α-synucleinopathies. We aimed to investigate the pathological biomarkers of both PD and AD in plasma and neuronal extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their association with different types of cognitive impairment in PD patients.

Methods: A total of 122 patients with PD and 30 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional cohort study between March 2021 and July 2023.

Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Constipation is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson's disease (PD). The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori (HP) is greater in PD patients. This study was a multicenter prospective cohort study in which propensity score matching (PSM) was used to determine whether HP infection was a risk factor for constipation in patients with PD.

Orderly Arranged Dipoles Regulate Anion-Derived Solid-Electrolyte Interphase for Stable Lithium Metal Chemistry.

Lithium (Li) metal batteries are considered the most promising high-energy-density electrochemical energy storage devices of the next generation. However, the unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) derived from electrolytes usually leads to high impedance, Li dendrites growth, and poor cyclability. Herein, the ferroelectric BaTiO with orderly arranged dipoles (BTOV) is integrated into the polypropylene separator as a functional layer.

Effect of acute levodopa challenge test on cerebral blood flow in Parkinson's disease with the supine-to-standing transcranial Doppler test.

Background: Levodopa, a common drug that improves symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), can induce a reduction in blood pressure (BP); however, the effect of levodopa on cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unclear.

Objectives: To observe the changes in BP and CBF during active standing before and after the acute levodopa challenge test (ALCT) and analyse the influencing factors of CBF in patients with PD.

Methods: BP and CBF velocity were simultaneously recorded by continuous beat-to-beat non-invasive BP monitoring and transcranial Doppler at supine and orthostatic positions twice, before and after ALCT.

Ginkgolide attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation by suppressing the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway in Alzheimer's disease.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the neuroinflammatory pathway of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study is to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of ginkgolide (Baiyu®) on amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic mice and a murine microglial cell line, BV-2. In the present study, the APP/PS1 mice were administered with ginkgolide, followed by a Morris water maze test.

Hydrogen Bond Boosted Ferroelectric Polarization Enables High Rate Capability Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal is considered as a promising anode material for next generation lithium-based batteries due to its highest specific capacity and lowest reduction potential. However, irreversible lithium stripping/depositing gives rise to severe dendritic growth and countless dead lithium, which lead to rapid electrochemical performance degradation and increased safety hazards, and thus limit its large-scale application. Herein, this work demonstrates a universal hydrogen-bond-induced strategy to in situ form a highly polarized ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating on the anode current collector.

Age as a risk factor for orthostatic hypotension induced by the levodopa challenge test in patients with Parkinson's disease: Results from a single-center trial.

Background: Hypotension can occur in patients receiving levodopa (L-dopa) treatment for parkinsonism. However, only few studies have focused on the characteristics of orthostatic hypotension (OH) induced by the L-dopa challenge test (LCT). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of LCT-induced OH in a relatively large sample of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

The differences of orthostatic hypotension in patients with Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have similar clinical presentations in their early stages. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common autonomic dysfunction associated with MSA and PD. Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes are measured in response to the active standing test, which is widely used to screen for cardiovascular autonomic function.

Validation of T-MoCA in the Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a high risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, feasible and simple instruments that facilitate the regular assessment of cognitive status in patients with AF remain underdeveloped.

Methods: Cognitive function was first evaluated using telephone Montreal cognitive assessment (T-MoCA), and then patients were invited for an in-person interview for cognitive assessment using both Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and mini-mental status evaluation (MMSE).

Feasibility and Validity of Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in Mild Cognitive Impairment Screening for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with the worsening of cognitive function. Strategies that are both convenient and reliable for cognitive screening of AF patients remain underdeveloped. We aimed to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of computerized cognitive screening strategies using subtests from Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) in AF patients.

Protective Effects of Ginkgolide on a Cellular Model of Alzheimer's Disease via Suppression of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

NF-κB signaling has been reported to play a key regulatory role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ginkgolide on cell viability in an AD cellular model involving an APP/PS1 double gene-transfected HEK293 cell line (APP/PS1-HEK293) and further explore the mechanisms of action related to NF-κB signaling. The optimal time point and concentration of ginkgolide for cell proliferation were screened using a cell counting kit-8 assay.

Case Report: Progressive Asymmetric Parkinsonism Secondary to CADASIL Without Dementia.

Parkinsonism is a rare phenotype of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarction and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), all of which involve cognitive decline. Normal cognition has not been reported in previous disease studies. Here we report the case of a 60-year-old female patient with a 2-year history of progressive asymmetric parkinsonism.

A preliminary study of association of cigarette smoking with risk of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Various studies have revealed an association between cigarette smoking and increased risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its role in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains elusive. Therefore, in the present case-control study, we aimed to assess the association of active and passive cigarette smoking with the risk of MS and NMOSD.

Increased Peripheral CD137 Expression in a Mouse Model of Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia.

Various studies demonstrate that CD137 (TNFRSF9, 4-1BB) promotes atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in experimental models via interactions with the CD137 ligand (CD137L). However, the exact role of CD137 in ischemic stroke remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed dynamic changes of peripheral CD137 expression on T cells in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), as well as alternation of neurological function, infarct size and cerebral inflammatory status after inhibition of the CD137/CD137L pathway using an anti-CD137L monoclonal antibody.

Resveratrol prevents high-calorie diet-induced learning and memory dysfunction in juvenile C57BL/6J mice.

Objective: Because resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to improve learning and memory, so we investigated the potential benefit of RSV on learning and memory deficits in juvenile mice fed with a HC diet and explored the molecular mechanisms underlying this process.

Methods: Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three different diet groups: control, HC diet, and HC + RSV diet. Serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

[Design and experiment of a multi-modal electroencephalogram-near infrared spectroscopy helmet for simultaneously acquiring at the same brain area].

Multi-modal brain-computer interface and multi-modal brain function imaging are developing trends for the present and future. Aiming at multi-modal brain-computer interface based on electroencephalogram-near infrared spectroscopy (EEG-NIRS) and in order to simultaneously acquire the brain activity of motor area, an acquisition helmet by NIRS combined with EEG was designed and verified by the experiment. According to the 10-20 system or 10-20 extended system, the diameter and spacing of NIRS probe and EEG electrode, NIRS probes were aligned with C3 and C4 as the reference electrodes, and NIRS probes were placed in the middle position between EEG electrodes to simultaneously measure variations of NIRS and the corresponding variation of EEG in the same functional brain area.

Increased Soluble CD137 Levels and CD4+ T-Cell-Associated Expression of CD137 in Acute Atherothrombotic Stroke.

As a proinflammatory cytokine, CD137 (4-1BB, TNFRSF9) is present in membrane-bound and soluble forms. Increased expression of CD137 was recently found in T cells in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, the exact role of CD137 in ischemic stroke is not clear.

CT perfusion in predicting the morbidity and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective: To investigate the perfusion parameters of computed tomography (CT) in hypoxicischemic encephalopathy (HIE) after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), and its potential in predicting the occurrence and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Methods: We selected 830 patients. The patients were grouped into: HIE and no HIE.

Imagined Hand Clenching Force and Speed Modulate Brain Activity and Are Classified by NIRS Combined With EEG.

Simultaneous acquisition of brain activity signals from the sensorimotor area using NIRS combined with EEG, imagined hand clenching force and speed modulation of brain activity, as well as 6-class classification of these imagined motor parameters by NIRS-EEG were explored. Near infrared probes were aligned with C3 and C4, and EEG electrodes were placed midway between the NIRS probes. NIRS and EEG signals were acquired from six healthy subjects during six imagined hand clenching force and speed tasks involving the right hand.

Long-term caloric restriction in mice may prevent age-related learning impairment via suppression of apoptosis.

Caloric restriction (CR) is the most reliable intervention to extend lifespan and prevent age-related disorders in various species from yeast to rodents. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been clearly defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms of long-term CR on age-related learning impairment in C57/BL mice.

Comparison of the effects of resveratrol and caloric restriction on learning and memory in juvenile C57BL/6J mice.

Objectives: Both caloric restriction (CR) and resveratrol (RSV) have been shown to improve learning and memory, but their potential effects in juvenile animals were unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of RSV and CR on learning and memory function in juvenile mice and investigated potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were assigned to one of three different dietary groups: normal control (stock diet) (n=12), CR diet (30% caloric reduction diet) (n=12), and RSV diet (stock diet supplemented with 18.

Effects of Caloric Intake on Learning and Memory Function in Juvenile C57BL/6J Mice.

Dietary composition may influence neuronal function as well as processes underlying synaptic plasticity. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of high and low caloric diets on a mouse model of learning and memory and to explore mechanisms underlying this process. Mice were divided into three different dietary groups: normal control (n = 12), high-caloric (HC) diet (n = 12), and low-caloric (LC) diet (n = 12).

Autophagy involving age-related cognitive behavior and hippocampus injury is modulated by different caloric intake in mice.

Recent studies indicated that different caloric intake may influence neuronal function. Excessive caloric intake associated with accelerated aging of the brain and increased the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. And low caloric intake (caloric restriction, CR) could delay aging, and protect the central nervous system from neurodegenerative disorders.

Influence of age-related learning and memory capacity of mice: different effects of a high and low caloric diet.

Background: Recent studies indicate that consumption of the different calorie diet may be an important way to accelerate or slow the neurodegenerative disorder related to age. Long-term consumption of a high-calorie diet affects the brain and increase the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. And consumption of a low-calorie diet (caloric restriction, CR) could delay aging, and protect the central nervous system from neurodegenerative disorders.