Symbiotic bacterial communities and carbon metabolic profiles of Acropora coral with varying health status under thermal stress.

Thermal-induced coral bleaching has received substantial research attention; however, the dynamics of symbiotic coral-associated bacterial communities are underexplored and the roles of coral with intermediate health status remain unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing and biochemical analyses, we found that the symbiotic zooxanthellae number gradually decreased with the increase of bleaching degree (non-bleached, semi-bleached, and fully-bleached) in the coral Acropora pruinosa. The semi-bleached host exhibited a relatively more complex microbial interaction network.

AI-2 quorum sensing signal disrupts coral symbiotic homeostasis and induces host bleaching.

Symbiotic microorganisms play critical ecophysiological roles that facilitate the maintenance of coral health. Currently, information on the gene and protein pathways contributing to bleaching responses is lacking, including the role of autoinducers. Although the autoinducer AI-1 is well understood, information on AI-2 is insufficient.

Heavy metals pollution from smelting activities: A threat to soil and groundwater.

Throughout the literature, the word "heavy metal" (HM) has been utilized to describe soil contamination; in this context, we characterize it as those elements with a density greater than 5 g per cubic centimeter. Contamination is one of the major global health concerns, especially in China. China's rapid urbanization over the past decades has caused widespread urban water, air, and soil degradation.

Integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses reveal bacterial micro-ecological mechanisms in coral bleaching.

Coral reefs worldwide are facing rapid decline due to coral bleaching. However, knowledge of the physiological characteristics and molecular mechanisms of coral symbionts respond to stress is scarce. Here, metagenomic and metaproteomic approaches were utilized to shed light on the changes in the composition and functions of coral symbiotic bacteria during coral bleaching.

sp. nov., a coral-beneficial bacterium isolated from .

Coral reef ecosystems are facing decline due to climate change, overfishing, habitat destruction and pollution. Bacteria play an essential role in maintaining the stability of coral reef ecosystems, influencing the well-being and fitness of coral hosts. The exploitation of coral probiotics has become an urgent issue.

New insights into microbial and metabolite signatures of coral bleaching.

Coral bleaching and coral reef degradation have been severely increased due to anthropogenic impacts, especially global warming. Studies have indicated the key role of host-microbiome symbiotic relationships for the coral holobiont health and development, although not all of the mechanisms of interaction have been fully explored. Here, we explore bacterial and metabolic shifts within coral holobionts under thermal stress, and its correlation with bleaching.

Bacterial Communities Vary from Different Scleractinian Coral Species and between Bleached and Non-Bleached Corals.

Bleaching is one of the most relevant factors implicated in the integrity of coral reef ecosystems, with the increasing frequency and intensity of damaging events representing a serious threat to reef biodiversity. Here, we analyzed changes in coral-associated bacteria from three types of non-bleached and bleached scleractinian corals (Acropora digitifera, Galaxea fascicularis, and Porites pukoensis) in Hainan Luhuitou peninsula coastal areas. The community structure of symbiotic bacteria differed significantly among the three apparently healthy corals.

sp. nov., isolated from coral .

A non-motile, rod-shaped, pink-pigmented bacterium NAR14 was isolated from coral from Daya Bay, Shenzhen, PR China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. NAR14 grew with 0-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2-4 %), at 10-41 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at pH 4.

Effects of microplastic combined with Cr(III) on apoptosis and energy pathway of coral endosymbiont.

The combined effect of polyethylene (PE) microplastics and chromium (Cr(III)) on the scleractinian coral Acropora pruinosa (A. pruinosa) was investigated. The endpoints analysed in this study included the endosymbiont density, the chlorophyll a + c content, and the activity of enzymes involved in apoptosis (caspase-1, caspase-3), glycolysis (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), the pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH) and electron transfer coenzyme (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD/NADH).

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities associated with coral species have high host specificity in the South China Sea.

Reef-building corals are well known for their obligate association with Symbiodiniaceae, and an array of other microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and symbiotic algae (i.e., total microbiome), which together form the coral holobiont.

sp. nov., isolated from seawater surrounding scleractinian coral .

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium (D1M17) was isolated from the seawater surrounding scleractinian coral in Daya Bay, Shenzhen, PR China. Strain D1M17 grew with 0-10 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3-4 %), at 15-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at pH 4.5-8.

High vulnerability and a big conservation gap: Mapping the vulnerability of coastal scleractinian corals in South China.

Scleractinian corals build the most complex and diverse ecosystems in the ocean with various ecosystem services, yet continue to be degraded by natural and anthropogenic stressors. Despite the rapid decline in scleractinian coral habitats in South China, they are among the least concerning in global coral vulnerability maps. This study developed a rapid assessment approach that combines vulnerability components and species distribution models to map coral vulnerability within a large region based on limited data.

Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China.

Contamination by heavy metals is a significant issue worldwide. In recent decades, soil heavy metals pollutants in China had adverse impacts on soil quality and threatened food security and human health. Anthropogenic inputs mainly generate heavy metal contamination in China.

sp. nov. and gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from scleractinian coral .

Two Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria NNCM1 and NNCM2 were isolated from the scleractinian coral . NNCM1 grew with 0.5-12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3-6 %), at 18-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at pH 6.

sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from coral culture seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, with one polar flagellum and named D11R37, was isolated from coral culture seawater of . Strain D11R37 grew with 0-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5%), at 10-41 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at pH 6.

Combined effects of copper and microplastics on physiological parameters of Tubastrea aurea corals.

Microplastics (MPs) have been a serious environmental problem because it can carry pollution like heavy metals and organic pollutants. However, the combined effect of MPs and bivalent copper ion (Cu(II)) on the coral azooxanthellate has been rarely studied. In the present study, the combined effects of PVC and Cu(II) on the physiological responses of Tubastrea aurea were studied.

Effects of Microplastics Exposure on the sp. Antioxidant, Immunization and Energy Metabolism Enzyme Activities.

Microplastic pollution in marine environments has increased rapidly in recent years, with negative influences on the health of marine organisms. Scleractinian coral, one of the most important species in the coral ecosystems, is highly sensitive to microplastic. However, whether microplastic causes physiological disruption of the coral, oxidative stress, immunity, and energy metabolism, is unclear.

Effects of acute microplastic exposure on physiological parameters in Tubastrea aurea corals.

Pollution of marine environments with microplastic particles has increased rapidly during the last few decades and its impact on marine lives have recently gained attention in both public and scientific community. Scleractinian corals are the foundation species of coral reef ecosystems that are greatly affected by the microplastics (MPs), yet little is known about the effects of microplastics on the coral azooxanthellate. In the present study, effects of the exposure and ingestion of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyamide 66 (PA66) were studied on the physiological responses of Tubastrea aurea.

Development of a transcriptomic database for 14 species of scleractinian corals.

Background: Scleractinian corals are important reef builders, but around the world they are under the threat of global climate change as well as local stressors. Molecular resources are critical for understanding a species' stress responses and resilience to the changing environment, but such resources are unavailable for most scleractinian corals, especially those distributed in the South China Sea. We therefore aimed to provide transcriptome resources for 14 common species, including a few structure forming species, in the South China Sea.

Analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of .

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of was obtained using PCR amplification and walking sequencing (GenBank accession no. JN_542716). The complete mitochondrial genome of was 15,665 bp long and showed significant AT bias (67% AT content, 33% GC content).

Source apportionment of polychlorinated biphenyls in the New York/New Jersey Harbor.

The New York/New Jersey Harbor (also known as the Hudson River Estuary) is heavily contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) arising in part from inputs from the Upper Hudson River, which is a Superfund site containing historical PCB contamination, and also due to inputs from the New York City metropolitan area. The Contamination Assessment and Reduction Project (CARP) measured PCBs and other contaminants in ambient water samples collected throughout the Harbor region during 1998-2001. In order to investigate the sources of PCBs to the NY/NJ Harbor, this data base of PCB concentrations was analyzed using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF).

The equilibria of bisolute sorption on soil.

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of both concentration levels and loading sequence or contamination history of each pollutant on the equilibrium sorption of mixed organic pollutants on soils. We measured binary sorption equilibria for a soil using ten concentration levels for both phenanthrene and naphthalene. Both solutes were either simultaneously loaded or sequentially loaded (i.

Impact of kerogen heterogeneity on sorption of organic pollutants. 2. Sorption equilibria.

Phenanthrene and naphthalene sorption isotherms were measured for three different series of kerogen materials using completely mixed batch reactors. Sorption isotherms were nonlinear for each sorbate-sorbent system, and the Freundlich isotherm equation fit the sorption data well. The Freundlich isotherm linearity parameter n ranged from 0.

Sorption of male hormones by soils and sediments.

This paper reports the sorption of two male hormones, testosterone and androstenedione, by four soil and sediment samples at both equilibrium and rate-limiting conditions. Unlike prior studies, androstenedione was studied independently of testosterone. Apparent sorption equilibrium is achieved in one to two weeks when the initial aqueous hormone concentrations (C0) at 10,000 microg/L (approximately 30% of their solubility limits [S(w)]) and two to three weeks when the C(0) is 300 microg/L (less than 1% of S(w)).

Equilibrium sorption of phenanthrene by soil humic acids.

This study investigated the effect of chemical heterogeneity of humic acids (HAs) on the equilibrium sorption of phenanthrene by HA extracts. Six HA samples were extracted from three different soils with 0.5 M NaOH and 0.