Prevalence and Associated Factors of Treatment Regimen Fatigue Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Introduction: Treatment regimen fatigue (TRF) is universal among people living with HIV/AIDS. Long-term adherence to treatment regimens is crucial to maintaining the health and life span of such individuals.

Objective: This study aimed to examine treatment regimen fatigue among people living with HIV/AIDS and the relevant factors.

Endurance exercise remodels skeletal muscle by suppressing Ythdf1-mediated myostatin expression.

Exercise can improve health via skeletal muscle remodeling. Elucidating the underlying mechanism may lead to new therapeutics for aging-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. Here, we show that endurance exercise suppresses expression of YT521-B homology domain family (Ythdf1) in skeletal muscle, which recognizes the N6-methyladenosine (m6A).

The hepatic clock synergizes with HIF-1α to regulate nucleotide availability during liver damage repair.

Nucleotide availability is crucial for DNA replication and repair; however, the coordinating mechanisms in vivo remain unclear. Here, we show that the circadian clock in the liver controls the activity of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to support de novo nucleotide biosynthesis for DNA synthesis demands. We demonstrate that disrupting the hepatic clock by genetic manipulation or mistimed feeding impairs PPP activity in male mice, leading to nucleotide imbalance.

Heart rate variability in subthreshold depression and major depressive disorder.

Background: The relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and major depressive disorder (MDD) has been well explored. However, current researches lack an observation of HRV in subthreshold depression (SubD), which increases the risk of MDD and presents significant societal challenges.

Methods: This study compared resting state HRV among 128 MDD patients, 131 SubD individuals and 222 healthy controls (HC) recruited from the hospital, physical examination center, and colleges.

High-Entropy Boride HfZrTiTaMoB: Promising Materials for Solar Selective Absorption Coatings in Photothermal Applications.

High-entropy borides (HEBs), as a category of high-entropy materials, exhibit remarkable thermal stability, a broad compositional range, and finely tuned electronic structures, leading to an excellent functional performance. Despite these advantages, their application in photothermal materials has rarely been reported. Herein, we employ a HEB target with multiple transition-metal elements to develop solar selective absorption coatings (SSACs) with simple and scalable bilayer structures for photothermal applications.

Morphology Control and Spectral Study of the 2D and Hierarchical Nanostructures Self-Assembled by the Chiral Alanine-Decorated Perylene Bisimides.

Tailoring the morphologies and optical properties of the 2D and hierarchical nanostructures self-assembled by the π-conjugated molecules is both interesting and challenging. Herein, a series of 2D ribbon-like nanostructures with single or multiple H-aggregated perylene bisimides (PBI) monolayer and hierarchical nanostructures (including straw-like, dumbbell-shaped, and rod-like nanostructures) are fabricated by solution self-assembly of three chiral alanine-decorated PBI. The influence of the solvent's dissolving capacity, the chirality of alanine, and the preparation methods on the morphologies and optical properties of the nanostructures were extensively studied.

Construction and evaluation of two nomograms for screening major depressive disorder and subthreshold depression individuals based on anxiety, depression, and sleep items.

Background: Current evidence is insufficient to support specific tools for screening Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Early detection of subthreshold depression (SD) is crucial in preventing its progression to MDD. This study aims to develop nomograms that visualize the weights of predictors to improve the performance of screening tools.

Brainstem inhibitory neurons enhance behavioral feature selectivity by sharpening the tuning of excitatory neurons.

The brainstem is a hub for sensorimotor integration, which mediates crucial innate behaviors. This brain region is characterized by a rich population of GABAergic inhibitory neurons, required for the proper expression of these innate behaviors. However, what roles these inhibitory neurons play in innate behaviors and how they function are still not fully understood.

construction of a static-dynamic hybrid interface toward stable Zn anodes for aqueous Zn-ion batteries.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to the advantages of high safety, low cost and good environmental friendliness. However, the uncontrollable dendrite growth and undesirable side reactions occurring on the Zn anode result in poor cycling stability. Herein, a Lewis base, triethanolamine, is used as the electrolyte additive to construct a hybrid solid-electrolyte interphase layer composed of a static ZnSO·3Zn(OH)·4HO layer and dynamic quaternary ammonium ion adsorption layer.

SIRT7 remodels the cytoskeleton RAC1 to enhance host resistance to .

Phagocytosis of () followed by its integration into the matured lysosome is critical in the host defense against tuberculosis. How escapes this immune attack remains elusive. In this study, we unveiled a novel regulatory mechanism by which SIRT7 regulates cytoskeletal remodeling by modulating RAC1 activation.

A new clinical age of aging research.

Aging is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, thus, translation of aging research into practical applications is driven by the unmet need for existing clinical therapeutic options. Basic and translational research efforts are converging at a critical stage, yielding insights into how fundamental aging mechanisms are used to identify promising geroprotectors or therapeutics. This review highlights several research areas from a clinical perspective, including senescent cell targeting, alleviation of inflammaging, and optimization of metabolism with endogenous metabolites or precursors.

Targeting CK2 eliminates senescent cells and prolongs lifespan in Zmpste24-deficient mice.

Senescent cell clearance is emerging as a promising strategy for treating age-related diseases. Senolytics are small molecules that promote the clearance of senescent cells; however, senolytics are uncommon and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether genomic instability is a potential target for senolytic.

HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption.

Triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis in the small intestine determines the absorption of dietary fat, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be further studied. Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) promotes TAG synthesis in the small intestine. HuR associates with the 3' UTR of Dgat2 mRNA and intron 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA.

Doxycycline decelerates aging in progeria mice.

Beyond the antimicrobial activity, doxycycline (DOX) exhibits longevity-promoting effect in nematodes, while its effect on mammals is unclear. Here, we applied a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), Zmpste24 knockout (KO) mice, and analyzed the antiaging effect of DOX. We found that the DOX treatment prolongs lifespan and ameliorates progeroid features of Zmpste24 KO mice, including the decline of body and tissue weight, exercise capacity and cortical bone density, and the shortened colon length.

Evolution and Function of the Notch Signaling Pathway: An Invertebrate Perspective.

The highly conserved Notch signaling pathway affects embryonic development, neurogenesis, homeostasis, tissue repair, immunity, and numerous other essential processes. Although previous studies have demonstrated the location and function of the core components of Notch signaling in various animal phyla, a more comprehensive summary of the Notch core components in lower organisms is still required. In this review, we objectively summarize the molecular features of the Notch signaling pathway constituents, their current expression profiles, and their functions in invertebrates, with emphasis on their effects on neurogenesis and regeneration.

Graphene-Based Hybrid Fillers for Rubber Composites.

Graphene and its derivatives have been confirmed to be among the best fillers for rubber due to their excellent properties, such as high mechanical strength, improved interface interaction, and strain-induced crystallization capabilities. Graphene rubber materials can be widely used in tires, shoes, high-barrier conductive seals, electromagnetic shielding seals, shock absorbers, etc. In order to reduce the graphene loading and endow more desirable functions to rubber materials, graphene-based hybrid fillers are extensively employed, which can effectively enhance the performance of rubber composites.

High-Entropy Photothermal Materials.

High-entropy (HE) materials, celebrated for their extraordinary chemical and physical properties, have garnered increasing attention for their broad applications across diverse disciplines. The expansive compositional range of these materials allows for nuanced tuning of their properties and innovative structural designs. Recent advances have been centered on their versatile photothermal conversion capabilities, effective across the full solar spectrum (300-2500 nm).

Thioacetamide Additive Homogenizing Zn Deposition Revealed by In Situ Digital Holography for Advanced Zn Ion Batteries.

Zinc ion batteries are considered as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low-cost, high-safety, and high theoretical capacity. However, dendrite growth and chemical corrosion occurring on Zn anode limit their commercialization. These problems can be tackled through the optimization of the electrolyte.

Enhanced properties of gelatin films incorporated with TiO-loaded reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres for active food packaging applications.

The synergistic effect of graphene sheets and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO) hybrid fillers can improve the antibacterial, mechanical, and barrier properties of gelatin (GL), making it more suitable to be used in the food packaging application. However, the uneven dispersion and aggregation of the hybrid fillers restrict its performance for further application. In order to achieve the above superior properties, reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres (rGOAMs) loaded with TiO (rGOAMs@TiO) were successfully prepared using one-step hydrothermal process by reducing titanium sulfate into TiO on the framework of rGOAMs, followed by effective dispersion in the GL matrix to form nanocomposites (rGOAMs@TiO/GL) through simultaneous ultrasonication and mechanical stirring, as well as an ultrasonic cell grinder process.

Endothelium-specific SIRT7 targeting ameliorates pulmonary hypertension through Krüpple-like factor 4 deacetylation.

Aims: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pulmonary vascular disease characterized by a high mortality rate. Pulmonary arterial endothelium cells (PAECs) serve as a primary sensor of various environmental cues, such as shear stress and hypoxia, but PAEC dysfunction may trigger vascular remodelling during the onset of PH. This study aimed to illustrate the role of Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) in endothelial dysfunction during PH and explore the potential therapeutic strategy for PH.

Near-infrared light controlled protein degradation by photo-caged lenalidomide and pomalidomide.

Immunomodulatory drugs (e.g. thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide) have been proven highly successful in clinical treatment of multiple myeloma.

A direction-selective cortico-brainstem pathway adaptively modulates innate behaviors.

Sensory cortices modulate innate behaviors through corticofugal projections targeting phylogenetically-old brainstem nuclei. However, the principles behind the functional connectivity of these projections remain poorly understood. Here, we show that in mice visual cortical neurons projecting to the optic-tract and dorsal-terminal nuclei (NOT-DTN) possess distinct response properties and anatomical connectivity, supporting the adaption of an essential innate eye movement, the optokinetic reflex (OKR).