Metabonomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals amino acid metabolism affects the quality of premium japonica rice varieties in Northeast China.

Rice consumption and demand for premium rice are increasing worldwide. However, the characterizations and how to identify the premium rice are still unclear. Small molecular metabolites have a great advantage in distinguishing subtle differences among similar agricultural products.

Research Progress on the Quality, Extraction Technology, Food Application, and Physiological Function of Rice Bran Oil.

Rice bran oil is recommended by the World Health Organization as one of the three major healthy edible oils (along with corn and sesame oils), owing to its unique fatty acid composition and functional components. This study screened, organized, and analyzed a large number of studies retrieved through keyword searches, and investigated the nutritional value and safety of rice bran oil. It reviews the stability of raw rice bran materials and the extraction and refining process of rice bran oil and discusses food applications and sub-health regulations.

Advancements in Cold-Region Rice Breeding: The 4S Phenotypic-Design Breeding System and Its Applications in Heilongjiang.

Heilongjiang, located in the cold region, is China's largest rice-producing and commercializing province. The variety selection of rice in cold regions (RCR) is indispensable in promoting the rice industry's development, and technological innovation in breeding theory plays a significant role in breeding breakthrough. Based primarily on long-term research, contemplation, and breeding practices, the 4S (selected topic, selected breeding, selected progenies, and selected promotion) phenotypic-design breeding technical system for RCR, which has revolutionized the theoretical basis and deepened the conceptual model, has been developed through systematic analyses and generalization.

Genetic analysis of QTLs for lysine content in four maize DH populations.

Background: Low levels of the essential amino acid lysine in maize endosperm is considered to be a major problem regarding the nutritional quality of food and feed. Increasing the lysine content of maize is important to improve the quality of food and feed nutrition. Although the genetic basis of quality protein maize (QPM) has been studied, the further exploration of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying lysine content variation still needs more attention.

QTL-seq analysis identified the genomic regions of plant height and days to heading in high-latitude rice.

Rice ( L.) is one of the most extensive crops in the world. China's Heilongjiang Province is the northernmost rice-growing region in the world.

OsJAB1 Positively Regulates Ascorbate Biosynthesis and Negatively Regulates Salt Tolerance Due to Inhibiting Early-Stage Salt-Induced ROS Accumulation in Rice.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play dual roles in plant stress response, but how plants modulate the dual roles of ROS in stress response is still obscure. () encodes the rice CSN5 (COP9 signalsome subunit 5). This study showed that, similar to the homolog gene , -overexpressing (driven by a CaMV 35S promoter) plants (OEs) impaired rice salt stress tolerance; in contrast, -inhibited-expression (using RNA-interfering technology) plants (RIs) enhanced rice salt stress tolerance.

DeepQuality improves infant retinopathy screening.

Image quality variation is a prominent cause of performance degradation for intelligent disease diagnostic models in clinical applications. Image quality issues are particularly prominent in infantile fundus photography due to poor patient cooperation, which poses a high risk of misdiagnosis. Here, we developed a deep learning-based image quality assessment and enhancement system (DeepQuality) for infantile fundus images to improve infant retinopathy screening.

Picroside II Improves Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Induced Hepatocellular Injury in Rats by Affecting JAK2/STAT3 Phosphorylation Signaling.

Picroside II is an important ingredient agent in Traditional Chinese medicine and hoped to reduce hepatocellular injury caused by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). An SAP-induced hepatocellular injury model was established in rats by using pentobarbital sodium. 27 rats were divided into 3 groups: the sham group (SG), model group (MG), and Picroside groups (PG).

The Protective Effect of Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside on High Glucose-Induced Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS Pathway and Regulation of Bcl-2/Bax.

Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the patho-genesis of diabetic vascular complications. 2,3,5,4'-tetra-hydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), an active component extracted from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, has been shown to have strong antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of TSG on apoptosis induced by high glucose in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the possible mechanisms.

Adaptive immunity profiling associated with histological subtypes and postoperative survival in gastric cancer.

Background: In gastric cancer (GC), abnormal adaptive immunity is correlated with chronic inflammatory disorders and poor prognosis. However, the global study of adaptive immunity involving genes expression is insufficient.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the transcriptional profile of adaptive immunity involving genes in GC from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas).

Kuijieyuan Decoction Improved Intestinal Barrier Injury of Ulcerative Colitis by Affecting TLR4-Dependent PI3K/AKT/NF-κB Oxidative and Inflammatory Signaling and Gut Microbiota.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with damp-heat, blood stasis, and intestinal vascular ischemia. Kuijieyuan decoction (KD) is a traditional Chinese medicine based on the above theory and used clinically to alleviate UC injury.

Methods: The main components of KD were analyzed by using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confirmed by UPLC-MS/MS.

Picroside II Improves Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury by Inactivating Oxidative and Inflammatory TLR4-Dependent PI3K/AKT/NF-B Signaling and Improving Gut Microbiota.

Background: Picroside II exerts anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal effects for treating the diseases associated with oxidative injury. However, its function on pancreatitis-induced intestinal barrier injury remains unclear. .

Hydrostatin-SN10 Ameliorates Pancreatitis-Induced Lung Injury by Affecting IL-6-Induced JAK2/STAT3-Associated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Hydrostatin-SN1 (peptide sequence, DEQHLETELHTLTSVLTANGFQ), a kind of peptides extracted from snake venom, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect, but its truncated mutant hydrostatin-SN10 (peptide sequence, DEQHLETELH) on pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury has not been well documented. Interleukin- (IL-) 6-induced Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway is involved with inflammatory and oxidative stress activities and may be associated with the pathogenesis of lung injury, and related molecules were measured. Taurocholate-induced pancreatitis associated with acute lung injury was established and treated with hydrostatin-SN10.

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice by Affecting NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway.

Gastric ulcer (GU) is a main threat to public health. 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may prevent GU but related mechanism remains unclear. DNJ was extracted from the supernatants of by using ethanol and purified by using CM-Sepharose chromatography.

Root Extract of Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Affecting NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model via Synergistic Effects of Polydatin, Resveratrol, and Emodin.

(PCS) has antibacterial properties and may prevent Ulcerative colitis (UC) but related molecular mechanism remains unknown. NF-κB signaling pathway is associated with inflammatory responses and its inactivation may be critical for effective therapy of UC. UC mouse (C57BL/6J) model was established by using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

A New Chinese Medicine Intestine Formula Greatly Improves the Effect of Aminosalicylate on Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon. Current medical treatment of UC relies predominantly on the use of traditional drugs, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants, which failed to effectively control this disease's progression and produced various side effects. Here, we report a new Chinese medicine intestine formula (CIF) which greatly improved the effect of mesalazine, an aminosalicylate, on UC.

Picroside II Shows Protective Functions for Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Rats by Preventing NF-B-Dependent Autophagy.

Picroside II, from the herb , has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its function on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and molecular mechanism remains unknown. The effects of picroside II on the SAP induced by cerulean were investigated.

Potentials of the elevated circulating miR-185 level as a biomarker for early diagnosis of HBV-related liver fibrosis.

Early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is critical for early intervention and prognosis of various chronic liver diseases. Conventional repeated histological assessment is impractical due to the associated invasiveness. In the current study, we evaluated circulating miR-185 as a potential biomarker to predict initiation and progression of liver fibrosis.

Ursolic acid protects against ulcerative colitis via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in mice.

Ursolic acid (UA) has been reported to have a protective effect in colitis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, experimental ulcerative colitis was induced in male BALB/c mice by the administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days, followed by treatment with UA for another 7 days.

MiR-9a-5p regulates proliferation and migration of hepatic stellate cells under pressure through inhibition of Sirt1.

Aim: To reveal the functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) with respect to hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in response to portal hypertension.

Methods: Primary rat HSCs were exposed to static water pressure (10 mmHg, 1 h) and the pressure-induced miRNA expression profile was detected by next-generation sequencing. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of miRNAs.

The role of the miR-31/FIH1 pathway in TGF-β-induced liver fibrosis.

The miRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological processes, including liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a central role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. By microarray profiling and real-time PCR, we noted that miR-31 expression in HSCs from rats, mice and humans was significantly increased during HSC activation in culture.

LIFRα-CT3 induces differentiation of a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line HL-60 by suppressing miR-155 expression through the JAK/STAT pathway.

The distal cytoplasmic motifs of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor α-chain (LIFRα-CT3) and its TAT fusion protein (TAT-CT3) can independently suppress cell viability and induce myeloid differentiation in human leukemia HL-60 cells in our previous studies. But its underlying mechanism remains undefined. Herein, we show that a prokaryotic expressed TAT-CT3 induced a rapid elevation of STAT3 phosphorylation (pSTAT3), and then suppress the transcription of miR-155 and induce the elevation of SOCS-1, which further inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation for a long-term period.

SGK1 is involved in cardioprotection of urocortin-1 against hypoxia/reoxygenation in cardiomyocytes.

Background: Urocortin-1 (UCN1) exerts protective effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in the heart. Serum- and glucocorticoid- responsive kinase-1 (SGK1), a serine-threonine kinase, has been shown to be crucial for cardiomyocyte survival. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether SGK1 is involved in UCN1-induced cardioprotection.

Effect of herbal formula xiao pi-II on functional dyspepsia.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of the herbal medication Xiao Pi-II on the symptoms and gastric motility of patients with functional dysepsia (FD).

Methods: A total of 180 FD patients were divided randomly and equally into Xiao Pi-II and mosapride groups. The two groups were treated with Xiao Pi-II (100 mL, t.