Riboflavin deficiency reduces bone mineral density in rats by compromising osteoblast function.

Insufficient riboflavin intake has been associated with poor bone health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of riboflavin deficiency on bone health in vivo and in vitro. Riboflavin deficiency was successfully developed in rats and osteoblasts.

Nanobody-based magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay for one-pot detection of ochratoxin A.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination seriously threatens food safety and human health and requires sensitive and rapid tools for monitoring. In this study, a convenient enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on Avi-labeled nanobody Nb-2G/streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase and magnetic beads (MBS-ELISA) was established for the sensitive detection of OTA, which could be used for one-pot detection without immobilization. After optimization, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the lowest limit of detection value of the MBS-ELISA was 1.

Aptamer-based photonic crystals enable ultra-trace detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B without labels.

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is one of the most common serotypes in staphylococcal food-poisoning cases. A rapid, sensitive, and simple method for SEB detection is crucial for public health. A photonic crystal (PC) sensing material for label-free detection of ultra-trace SEB was proposed in this study.

A novel biosensor based on antibody controlled isothermal strand displacement amplification (ACISDA) system.

The overuse of antibiotics has aroused widespread concern in recent decades. Their residues in food and environment may pose potential risks to human health. Therefore, highly sensitive and rapid detection methods of antibiotics are urgently needed.

A gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay for atrazine point-of-care detection using a handhold scanning device as reader.

A method is described to achieve accurate quantitative detection of atrazine (ATZ) in maize by using lateral flow strips based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and a handheld scanning reader. GNPs of 15 nm in diameter were applied as label, and a lateral flow immune assay strip was prepared. The linear range was 5.

Bifunctional ligand-mediated amplification of polydiacetylene response to biorecognition of diethylstilbestrol for on-site smartphone detection.

Polydiacetylene (PDA) is very suited for sensitively detecting large biomolecules, and its unique chromatic properties enable visual read-out. However, application to the selective detection of small molecules remains challenging. Here, bifunctional ligands are studied to amplify the color change of PDA for biorecognition of small molecules for the smartphone-based detection of diethylstilbestrol (DES).

Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of DNA and microRNA-21 using a zirconium porphyrin metal-organic framework-based switch fluorescence biosensor.

Sensitive and accurate detection of nucleic acid biomarkers is critical for early cancer diagnosis, disease monitoring, and clinical treatment. In this study, we developed a switch fluorescence biosensor for simple and high-efficient detection of nucleic acid biomarkers using 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-modified single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes (FAM-P1/P2), and zirconium porphyrin metal-organic framework nanoparticles (ZrMOF) acted as fluorescence quencher. FAM-P1/P2 probes were adsorbed on ZrMOF surface because of π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions.

Raman spectroscopy-based adversarial network combined with SVM for detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

Raman spectroscopy combined with artificial intelligence algorithms have been widely explored and focused on in recent years for food safety testing. It is still a challenge to overcome the cumbersome culture process of bacteria and the need for a large number of samples, which hinder qualitative analysis, to obtain a high classification accuracy. In this paper, we propose a method based on Raman spectroscopy combined with generative adversarial network and multiclass support vector machine to classify foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

A highly sensitive and dual-readout immunoassay for norfloxacin in milk based on QDs-FM@ALP-SA and click chemistry.

A dual-readout immunoassay based on QDs-FM@ALP-SA and click chemistry was developed for quick and sensitive detection of norfloxacin (NOR), which is an important fluoroquinolone antibiotic. In the system, the NOR-biotin conjugate (NOR-Biotin) was synthesized by click chemistry for signal transformation, and alkaline phosphatase-labeled streptavidin (ALP-SA) was attached to quantum dot fluorescence microspheres (QDs-FM) by an activated ester method to form QDs-FM@ALP-SA for signal amplification. Here, QDs-FM was a dual-functional carrier: it was used not only as a chemiluminescence signal amplification carrier but also as a fluorescent signal due to its fluorescence character.

A highly sensitive method for simultaneous detection of hAAG and UDG activity based on multifunctional dsDNA probes mediated exponential rolling circle amplification.

DNA glycosylase is an indispensable DNA damage repair enzyme which can recognize and excise the damaged bases in the DNA base excision-repair pathway. The dysregulation of DNA glycosylase activity will give rise to the dysfunction of base excision-repair and lead to abnormalities and diseases. The simultaneous detection of multiple DNA glycosylases can help to fully understand the normal physiological functions of cells, and determine whether the cells are abnormal in pre-disease.

Detection of 4 quinolone antibiotics by chemiluminescence based on a novel Nor-Biotin bifunctional ligand and SA-ALP technology.

A simple and effective direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay for the detection of 4 kinds of quinolone antibiotics in milk was established using Nor-Biotin (biotin-modified norfloxacin [NOR]) bifunctional ligand and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin signal amplification technology. The polyclonal antibody was obtained after the immunization of New Zealand White rabbits using norfloxacin-derived antigen. "Click chemistry" was used for the rapid and facile synthesis of the Nor-Biotin bifunctional ligand.

State-of-the-art progress of switch fluorescence biosensors based on metal-organic frameworks and nucleic acids.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have captured substantial attention of an increasing number of scientists working in sensing analysis fields, due to their large surface area, high porosity, and tunable structure. Recently, MOFs as attractive fluorescence quenchers have been extensively investigated. Given their high quenching efficiency toward the fluorescence intensity of dyes-labeled specific biological recognition molecules, such as nucleic acids, MOFs have been widely developed to switch fluorescence biosensors with low background fluorescence signal.

Simultaneous detection of diethylstilbestrol and estradiol residues with a single immunochromatographic assay strip.

An immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on competitive format was developed and validated for simultaneously rapid and sensitive detection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and estradiol (E) in milk and tissue samples. For this purpose, two monoclonal antibodies raised against those two estrogens were conjugated to gold nanoparticles and were applied to the conjugate pads of the test strip. The competitors of the DES-BSA/E-BSA conjugates were immobilized onto a nitrocellulose membrane at two detection zones to form T and T, respectively.

The mechanism and prevention of mitochondrial injury after exercise.

With the development of society, physical activity has come to be an effective means by which people pursue good health to improve the quality of life. However, with the increase of intensity and the passage of time, exercise injury has become a hazard that can no longer be ignored. It is imperative to find effective ways to inhibit or reduce the negative effects of exercise.

The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 plays a vital role in BPA-induced PC12 cell apoptosis.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a typical environmental endocrine disruptor that can migrate into organisms through skin contact, breathing, diet and various other approaches. The reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity of BPA has been confirmed by several toxicological studies. However, the neurotoxicity of BPA is still controversial.

Development and perspectives of rapid detection technology in food and environment.

Food safety become a hot issue currently with globalization of food trade and food supply chains. Chemical pollution, microbial contamination and adulteration in food have attracted more attention worldwide. Contamination with antibiotics, estrogens and heavy metals in water environment and soil environment have also turn into an enormous threat to food safety.

A Multichannel Flexible Optoelectronic Fiber Device for Distributed Implantable Neurological Stimulation and Monitoring.

Optical fibers made of polymeric materials possess high flexibility that can potentially integrate with flexible electronic devices to realize complex functions in biology and neurology. Here, a multichannel flexible device based on four individually addressable optical fibers transfer-printed with flexible electronic components and controlled by a wireless circuit is developed. The resulting device offers excellent mechanics that is compatible with soft and curvilinear tissues, and excellent diversity through switching different light sources.

Immunosorbent assay based on upconversion nanoparticles controllable assembly for simultaneous detection of three antibiotics.

The abuse of antibiotics leads to an increase in resistant strains, which in turn leads to the development of superbugs that pose great difficulties for the treatment of human diseases. A high-throughput and highly sensitive avidin biotin complex immunosorbent assay based on upconversion nanoparticles controllable assembly (ABC-ULISA) for the detection of antibiotics was developed, which enabled accurate quantitative detection in a shorter period of time. Streptavidin and biotin-labeled upconversion nanoparticles form avidin-biotin-upconversion complex, which was then combined with biotinylated antibody to achieve double amplification of the signal, further improving detection sensitivity.

Development of a fast and ultrasensitive black phosphorus-based colorimetric/photothermal dual-readout immunochromatography for determination of norfloxacin in tap water and river water.

A rapid and ultrasensitive method for colourimetric/photothermal dual-readout detection was developed using an 808 nm NIR laser and a thermal imaging app on mobile phone. Norfloxacin was used as a model contaminant to demonstrate this universal rapid detection method. It is innovatively, to use the advanced two-dimensional material black phosphorus as a colourimetric/photothermal reagent for the first time.

Selection of an artificial paraquat-specific binding protein from a ribosome display library based on a lipocalin scaffold.

In this study, an anticalin that could specifically bind paraquat (PQ), a quaternary nitrogen herbicide, as a new set of engineered receptor protein with antibody-like properties was generated to detect PQ concentration. To this end, a native and random library was constructed and engineered to allow in vitro transcription and translation using an Escherichia coli lysate system. Meanwhile, a PQ derivative that carries an active aliphatic carboxylate group at the end of an aliphatic spacer arm was synthesized.

Complete antigen-bridged DNA strand displacement amplification immuno-PCR assay for ultrasensitive detection of salbutamol.

Monitoring of low-level analytes are typical examples for analytical challenges. Salbutamol (SAL), a phenol-β2-agonist, has a very low residual content in the environment. Here, we present an ultrasensitive complete antigen-bridged PCR assay for detecting salbutamol (SAL).

Cu/Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles coated with DNA hydrogel as target-responsive and signal-amplification material for sensitive detection of microcystin-LR.

Sensitive and reliable analytical methods for monitoring of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) are urgently necessary due to its great harm to human health and aquatic organisms. In this work, a novel Cu/Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles (Cu/Au/Pt TNs)-encapsulated DNA hydrogel was prepared for colorimetric detection of MC-LR. The Cu/Au/Pt TNs were captured and released with precise control by the target-responsive 3D DNA hydrogels, which combined dual advantages of the target responsive DNA hydrogel and Cu/Au/Pt TNs of enhanced peroxidase-like activity.

Development of a highly sensitive detection method for TTX based on a magnetic bead-aptamer competition system under triple cycle amplification.

We have established an assay that relies on aptamer and isothermal amplification for the tetrodotoxin (TTX)detection. The method uses triple cycle amplification (strand displacement amplification combined with catalytic hairpin assembly) and fluorescent reporter as an output signal. Free TTX and cDNA compete for binding to aptamer-modified magnetic beads.

A low-field nuclear magnetic resonance DNA-hydrogel nanoprobe for bisphenol A determination in drinking water.

A low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) DNA-hydrogel (LNDH) nanoprobe was designed for bisphenol A (BPA) determination. It consists of FeO superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and a DNA-hydrogel technology. FeO SPIONs were encapsulated in the DNA-hydrogel to form an aggregated state.