Transdermal granisetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting following moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy in Chinese patients: a randomized, double-blind, phase III study.

Background: The granisetron transdermal delivery system (GTDS) has been demonstrated effectiveness in the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in previous studies. This is the first phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of GTDS in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) in China.

Methods: A total of 313 patients were randomized into the GTDS group (one transdermal granisetron patch, 7 days) or the oral granisetron group (granisetron oral 2 mg/day, ≥2 days).

Capture-Based Targeted Ultradeep Sequencing in Paired Tissue and Plasma Samples Demonstrates Differential Subclonal ctDNA-Releasing Capability in Advanced Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which represents an unbiased way to assess tumor genetic profile noninvasively, facilitates studying intratumor heterogeneity. Although intratumor heterogeneity has been elucidated substantially in a few cancer types, including NSCLC, how it influences the ability of tumor cells harboring different genetic abnormalities in releasing their DNA remains elusive. We designed a capture-based panel targeting NSCLC to detect and quantify genetic alterations from plasma samples by using deep sequencing.

Pretreatment direct bilirubin and total cholesterol are significant predictors of overall survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations.

This study was designed to examine the prediction of pretreatment circulating bilirubin and cholesterol for overall survival in 459 advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Circulating total bilirubin, direct bilirubin (DB), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured at baseline. The mean age (standard deviation) of all study patients was 58.

Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in diagnosing non-specific inflammatory intrathorcacic lymphadenitis.

Background And Objective: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as a minimally invasive technique for diagnosing intrathoracic malignancies and some benignancies; however, there are no data available on the utility of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of non-specific inflammatory intrathoracic lymphadenitis.

Methods: A prospective analysis was performed from 104 patients with enlarged lymphadenopathy suspected of non-specific lymphadenitis referred for EBUS-TBNA between October 2009 and March 2012. Rapid on-site cytological evaluation was not adopted.

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer patients with the L858R point mutation.

The efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) varies among different EGFR mutations. Here, we directly compared the efficacy of first-line TKIs to chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the L858R mutation. The progression-free survival (PFS) for patients receiving TKIs as first-line therapy was longer than those who received chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.

MDC and BLC are independently associated with the significant risk of early stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: This prospective study was designed to investigate the association between ten circulating inflammatory biomarkers and the risk for early stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: All inflammatory biomarkers were measured in 228 patients with early stage (IA to IIB) lung adenocarcinoma and 228 age-, sex- and smoking-matched healthy controls by using the Luminex bead-based assay.

Results: Only two biomarkers were significantly associated with the risk of early stage lung adenocarcinoma after the Bonferroni correction: the multivariate odd ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval or CI) was 0.

RAD18 polymorphisms are associated with platinum-based chemotherapy toxicity in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Aim: Although targeted therapy is very efficient for lung cancer, traditional platinum-based chemotherapies are still the principal strategy in the absence of positive biomarkers. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of RAD18 polymorphisms to platinum-chemotherapy response and its potential side effects in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 1021 Chinese patients with histological diagnosis of advanced NSCLC were enrolled.

The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors as second-line therapy for EGFR wild-type non-small-cell lung cancer: a real-world study in People's Republic of China.

Introduction: Clinical evidence comparing chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as second-line therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are conflicting.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed stage IV EGFR wild-type NSCLC patients who relapsed on first-line chemotherapy at the Shanghai Chest Hospital to compare the efficacy of TKIs and chemotherapy as second-line therapy among different clinical subgroups.

Results: The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival for patients receiving chemotherapy as second-line therapy for NSCLC were longer than patients who received TKIs.

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Background: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare form of non-small cell lung carcinoma. The current study focused on its clinicopathological features and potential factors influencing the prognosis.

Methods: The statistical analysis was based on the clinicopathological records and the prognosis of 43 LELC patients, analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test, and COX regression analysis.

Solid predominant histologic subtype and early recurrence predict poor postrecurrence survival in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: This study investigated the correlation between histologic predominant pattern and postrecurrence survival (PRS), and identified the clinicopathologic factors influencing PRS in patients with completely resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of 136 stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients who experienced tumor recurrence after completely resection were included in this study. To analysis the association between histologic predominant pattern and PRS, invasive adenocarcinomas with mixed histologic components were divided into 2 groups: solid and nonsolid group (including lepidic, acinar, papillary, micropapillary) based on the histologic predominant pattern.

Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Patients with Surgically Resected Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Data on prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) after complete resection of SCLC are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of PCI in this population.

Methods: We retrospectively identified completely resected SCLC at the Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 2006 and January 2014.

RGB and HSV quantitative analysis of autofluorescence bronchoscopy used for characterization and identification of bronchopulmonary cancer.

Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) shows good sensitivity in detecting dysplasia and bronchopulmonary cancer. However, the poor specificity of AFB would lead to excessive biopsy. The aim of the study is to establish a more effective quantitative method (optimal identification index and reference value) for characterizing the AFB images within the region of interest and discuss AFB's significance in the diagnosis of central-type lung cancer.

RICTOR polymorphisms affect efficiency of platinum-based chemotherapy in Chinese non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Aim: We investigated the association between RICTOR polymorphisms and clinical outcomes of platinum-based chemotherapy for Chinese non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Materials & Methods: Ten tag SNPs were genotyped in 1004 patients to assess their association with clinical benefit, overall survival, progression-free survival, gastrointestinal toxicity, neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia.

Results: rs6878291 was significantly associated with clinical benefit (odds ratio: 2.

Comparison of outcomes of tyrosine kinase inhibitor in first- or second-line therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with sensitive EGFR mutations.

Direct comparisons between the use of first- and second-line EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in patients with sensitive EGFR mutations are limited. A total of 264 advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitive mutations received EGFR TKI therapy as the first-line therapy, and a total of 187 patients received TKI as the second-line therapy at Shanghai Chest Hospital. First-line EGFR TKI therapy [12.

Sonographic Features of Endobronchial Ultrasound in Differentiation of Benign Lymph Nodes.

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) features have been found to be a useful tool in differentiating malignant from benign lymph nodes, but the use of these features to distinguish benign intrathoracic lymphadenopathies, including tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and reactive lymphadenitis, has not been established. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use of EBUS features in predicting tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and non-specific inflammation. One hundred eighty-eight patients with suspected benign lymphadenopathy were included in the study.

Two-stage induced differentiation of OCT4+/Nanog+ stem-like cells in lung adenocarcinoma.

Stem-like cells in solid tumors are purported to contribute to cancer development and poor treatment outcome. The abilities to self-renew, differentiate, and resist anticancer therapies are hallmarks of these rare cells, and steering them into lineage commitment may be one strategy to curb cancer development or progression. Vitamin D is a prohormone that can alter cell growth and differentiation and may induce the differentiation cancer stem-like cells.

Survival prognostic factors for patients with synchronous brain oligometastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma receiving local therapy.

Introduction: Clinical evidence for patients with synchronous brain oligometastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma is limited. We aimed to summarize the clinical data of these patients to explore the survival prognostic factors for this population.

Methods: From September 1995 to July 2011, patients with 1-3 synchronous brain oligometastases, who were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or surgical resection as the primary treatment, were identified at Shanghai Chest Hospital.

ctDNA Determination of EGFR Mutation Status in European and Japanese Patients with Advanced NSCLC: The ASSESS Study.

Introduction: To offer patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC appropriate EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, mutation testing of tumor samples is required. However, tissue/cytologic samples are not always available or evaluable. The large, noninterventional diagnostic ASSESS study (NCT01785888) evaluated the utility of circulating free tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) from plasma for EGFR mutation testing.

Application of Quantitative Autofluorescence Bronchoscopy Image Analysis Method in Identifying Bronchopulmonary Cancer.

Autofluorescence bronchoscopy shows good sensitivity and poor specificity in detecting dysplasia and cancer of the bronchus. Through quantitative analysis on the target area of autofluorescence bronchoscopy image, determine the optimal identification index and reference value for identifying different types of diseases and explore the value of autofluorescence bronchoscopy in diagnosis of lung cancer. Patients with 1 or more preinvasive bronchial lesions were enrolled and followed up by white-light bronchoscope and autofluorescence bronchoscopy.

Effects of para-toluenesulfonamide intratumoral injection on non-small cell lung carcinoma with severe central airway obstruction: A multi-center, non-randomized, single-arm, open-label trial.

Background: Severe malignant airway obstruction (SMAO) is a life-threatening form of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) intratumoral injection in NSCLC-SMAO.

Methods: Ninety patients with NSCLC-SAO received repeated courses of PTS intratumoral injection until tumor sizes had reduced by 50% or greater.

Prognostic and predictive value of the novel classification of lung adenocarcinoma in patients with stage IB.

Purpose: Controversy remains exist for the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) among stage IB lung adenocarcinoma patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the current lung adenocarcinoma classification system on benefit of ACT among patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of 928 pathological stage IB invasive adenocarcinoma patients with R0 resection were included in this study.

Comparison of plasma and tissue samples in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation by ARMS in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and accuracy of blood-based circulating-free tumor DNA on testing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations.

Methods: In total, 219 non-small cell lung cancer patients in stages III-IV were enrolled into this study. All patients had tissue samples and matched plasma DNA samples.

Analysis of the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic of stage I invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: The correlations between histological, clinical features and prognosis of stage I invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) have not been thoroughly studied for its rare incidence. This study aimed to compare the prognosis among IMA with different percentage of mucinous component and the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on IMA patients.

Methods: A total of 145 stage I IMA and 3536 invasive nonmucinous adenocarcinoma patients with R0 resection were included.