Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells mediate extracellular matrix remodeling in osteoarthritis through the transport of microRNA-29a.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common orthopedic condition with an uncertain etiology, possibly involving genetics and biomechanics. Factors like changes in chondrocyte microenvironment, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune responses affect KOA development. Early-stage treatment options primarily target symptom relief.

Identification of retinal thickness and blood flow in age-related macular degeneration with reticular pseudodrusen.

Aim: To investigate thickness characteristics and vascular plexuses in retinas with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) as an early detection strategy for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: This retrospective study included 24 subjects (33 eyes) with RPD and 25 heathy control subjects (34 eyes). The superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) of the retinal posterior poles were investigated with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

TACC diagnosed by transoesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography: A case report.

Background: Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma in the trachea (TACC) is a rare tumour. Tracheal bronchoscopy is always chosen as a routine approach to obtain a pathological diagnosis, but it can be associated with an increased risk of asphyxia.

Case Summary: We describe a case of TACC in a patient evaluated by chest computed tomography (CT) with three-dimensional reconstruction imaging and diagnosed by transoesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography.

Clinical Application of the Musculoperiosteal Iliac Flap for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) often affects young, active patients, and the femoral head's preservation is the primary goal of treatment for this disease. Vascularized iliac crest bone grafting is one of the many vascularized procedures used in treating ONHF. In some cases, we selectively performed this procedure using the musculoperiosteal iliac flap with the ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery for ONFH treatment.

Magnesium and vitamin C supplementation attenuates steroid-associated osteonecrosis in a rat model.

Magnesium (Mg)-based biometal attracts clinical applications due to its biodegradability and beneficial biological effects on tissue regeneration, especially in orthopaedics, yet the underlying anabolic mechanisms in relevant clinical disorders are lacking. The present study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) and vitamin C (VC) supplementation for preventing steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) in a rat experimental model. In SAON rats, 50 mg/kg Mg, or 100 mg/kg VC, or combination, or water control was orally supplemented daily for 2 or 6 weeks respectively.

Biocompatible Porous Tantalum Metal Plates in the Treatment of Tibial Fracture.

Fractures of the tibia represent a common class of injuries in orthopedics. The blood supply to the tibia is poor due to the small subcutaneous muscle tissues inside. Consequently, the tibia is prone to delayed fracture healing and nonunion of the fracture after surgery.

Micro Perfusion and Quantitative Analysis of the Femoral Head Intraosseous Artery.

The present study investigates the feasibility of micro perfusion of femoral head specimens from femoral neck fracture patients by the inferior retinacular arteries and performing intraosseous artery quantitative analysis of the femoral head. Twelve femoral neck fracture patients who had undergone conventional hip replacement surgery were included in this study. Femoral head specimen arteries were first dissected and exposed and then perfused by the inferior retinacular arteries and all the femoral heads underwent micro-CT scanning.

Effect of superior retinacular artery damage on osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is the result of dysfunctional blood supply, but associations between specific damaged arteries, imaging changes and clinical sign require more understanding. We investigated characteristics of ONFH that pertain to blood supply, imaging appearance, and clinical feature to judge the prognosis of ONFH.

Methods: Clinical data were collected for 92 patients (118 hips) with ONFH, including gender, age, duration of pain (from initial clinical presentation to arthroplasty), cause, stage, and classification.

Prospective and comparative analysis of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures with or without vascularized iliac graft in young adults.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 surgical approaches for femoral neck fractures in young adults: internal fixation with or without a vascularized iliac graft. Between January 1998 and December 2008, seventy-eight patients presented with a Garden type III (n=38) or IV (n=40) femoral neck fracture. Thirty-eight patients were women and 40 were men, with an average age of 28 years (range, 16-38 years).

Anti-inflammation effects of corn silk in a rat model of carrageenin-induced pleurisy.

Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleural layers that surround the lungs. Despite much research into inflammatory diseases, no drugs with favorable safety profiles are available yet for their treatment. Corn silk has been used in many parts of the world for the treatment of edema, cystitis, gout, kidney stones nephritis, and prostitutes.

Trace elements analysis of urine and hair in tuberculous pleurisy.

In this study, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and iron of urine and hair were measured in the patients with tuberculous (TB) pleurisy (n = 24) and in the control group (n = 20). Selenium, magnesium, and zinc of hair were found to be significantly lower in TB pleurisy cases than those in the control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.

[Treatment for osteonecrosis of femoral head by hVEGF-165 gene modified marrow stromal stem cells under arthroscope].

Objective: To understand the biological characteristics and osteogenic potential of hVEGF-165 gene modified marrow stromal stem cells and investigate the effect and value of treatment for osteonecrosis of femoral head by hVEGF-165 gene modified marrow stromal stem cells under arthroscope.

Methods: rAAV-2-hVEGF-165 plasmids were extracted and transfected into rabbit marrow stromal stem cells. hVEGF-165 mediated by adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to transfect rMSCs.

Meconium-stained liquor during labor is associated with raised neonatal cord blood 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha concentration.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the umbilical arterial 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha, concentrations between pregnancies that were complicated by moderate or thick meconium-stained liquor and those with clear liquor.

Study Design: Umbilical cord arterial blood samples were collected from 247 singleton pregnancies with either moderate or thick meconium-stained liquor at any stage of labor or clear liquor at all stages of labor for the determination of the total 8-iso-prostaglandins F2alpha concentration.

Results: The median total 8-iso-prostaglandins F2alpha concentration of the meconium-stained liquor group was significantly higher than that of the control group (719.

Upregulated expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by insulin in both neurons and astrocytes.

Both insulin and nitric oxide (NO) play important roles in the brain. However, there are no unequivocal evidences pointing to a direct effect of insulin on nitric oxide pathway in the brain. In the present study, the effects of insulin on the expression and activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) were investigated in the cultured cerebellum cell line R2, cerebral cortical astrocytes, and neurons of rats by using flow cytometry, in situ hybridization, RT-PCR, and electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques.