Effects of (L.) L'Hér. ex Vent. fruits water extract on hippocampal neurogenesis in the treatment of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Adult neurogenesis plays an important role in repairing damaged neurons and improving cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). (L.) L'Hér.

Short communication: Chemical structure, concentration, and pH are key factors influencing antimicrobial activity of conjugated bile acids against lactobacilli.

Effects of chemical structure, concentration, and pH on antimicrobial activity of conjugated bile acids were investigated in 4 strains of lactobacilli. Considerable differences were observed in the antimicrobial activity between the 6 human conjugated bile acids, including glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, and taurochenodeoxycholic acid. Glycodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid generally showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity against the lactobacilli, but glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid exhibited the significantly lower antimicrobial activity.

An ɑ-adrenergic receptor is involved in larval metamorphosis in the mussel, .

Metamorphosis is crucial in the life-cycle transition between the larval and juvenile stages of marine invertebrates. Although a number of agonists and antagonists of the adrenergic receptor (AR) are known to regulate larval metamorphosis in (Mc), the molecular basis of the modulation of larval metamorphosis by the AR gene in this species remains elusive. Herein, the role of the AR gene in larval metamorphosis using the RNA interference technique was examined.

Silver Nanoparticles Impact Biofilm Communities and Mussel Settlement.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrating good antimicrobial activity are widely used in many fields. However, the impact of AgNPs on the community structures of marine biofilms that drive biogeochemical cycling processes and the recruitment of marine invertebrate larvae remains unknown. Here, we employed MiSeq sequencing technology to evaluate the bacterial communities of 28-day-old marine biofilms formed on glass, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and PDMS filled with AgNPs and subsequently tested the influence of these marine biofilms on plantigrade settlement by the mussel Mytilus coruscus.

The effect of carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide incorporated in PDMS on biofilm community composition and subsequent mussel plantigrade settlement.

This study investigated the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) incorporated in PDMS on biofilm formation and plantigrade settlement of Mytilus coruscus. TiO2 increased bacterial density, and CNTs also increased bacterial density but reduced diatom density in biofilms after 28 days. Further analysis was conducted between bacterial communities on glass, PDMS, CNTs (0.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain ECSMB14103, Isolated from the East China Sea.

Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain ECSMB14103 was isolated from marine biofilms formed on the East China Sea. The draft genome sequence comprises 4.

[HMGB1/SREBP-1 mediated IFN-gamma-induced lipid deposition in mouse mesangial cells].

Objective: To explore the possible mechanism of lipid deposition induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma).

Methods: The mouse mesangial cells (MMC) were randomly divided into control group, stimulation group, stimulation + control vector group (sh-HMGB1) and stimulation+ specific sh-vector group (sh-SREBP-1). RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HMGB1, SREBP-1 and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) mRNA; the protein expression was determined by Western blot.

Larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus coruscus in response to monospecific bacterial biofilms.

The effects of bacterial biofilms (BFs) on larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel, Mytilus coruscus, were investigated in the laboratory. Of nine different isolates, Shewanella sp.1 BF induced the highest percentage of larval settlement and metamorphosis, whereas seven other isolates had a moderate inducing activity and one isolate, Pseudoalteromonas sp.

Larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus coruscus in response to natural biofilms.

Settlement and metamorphosis of pediveliger larvae of Mytilus coruscus in response to natural biofilms was investigated in the laboratory. Pediveliger larvae settled and metamorphosed in response to biofilms and post-larval settlement and metamorphosis increased with biofilm age. The activity of the biofilm was positively correlated with biofilm age, dry weight, bacterial density and diatom density, but had no apparent relationship with chlorophyll a concentration.

Larval metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 in response to neurotransmitter blockers and tetraethylammonium.

The metamorphic response of pediveliger larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis to the neurotransmitter blockers chlorpromazine, amitriptyline, rauwolscine, idazoxan, atenolol and butoxamine, and to tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) was investigated through a series of bioassays. Chlorpromazine, amitriptyline and idazoxin inhibited larval metamorphosis induced by 10⁻⁴ M epinephrine. The concentration that inhibited metamorphosis by 50% (IC₅₀) for chlorpromazine and amitriptyline was 1.

Copper affects biofilm inductiveness to larval settlement of the serpulid polychaete Hydroides elegans (Haswell).

Copper (Cu) contamination is a potential threat to the marine environment due to the use of Cu-based antifouling paints. Cu stress on larval settlement of the polychaete Hydroides elegans was investigated, and this was linked to Cu stress on biofilms and on the biofilm development process. The inductiveness of young biofilms was more easily altered by Cu stress than that of old biofilms, indicating the relative vulnerability of young biofilms.

[Detection and analysis of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella from retail meats in some districts of Shaanxi province].

Objective: Salmonella isolates recovered from retail meats that were collected in supermarkets and free markets in Xi'an and Yangling areas of Shaanxi province were studied to determine antibiotic susceptibility.

Method: Antimicrobial susceptibility to 14 antibiotics of 193 salmonella isolates were determined by using agar dilution method, which was recommended by National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standard (NCCLS), and E.coli ATCC25922 and E.

Induction of metamorphosis of pediveliger larvae of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 using neuroactive compounds, KCl, NH4Cl and organic solvents.

Pediveliger larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis were subjected to a series of bioassays to investigate the induction of metamorphosis using neuroactive compounds, K(+), NH(4)(+) and organic solvents. Growth and survival of post-larvae obtained using ethanol and methanol were also observed. Epinephrine, phenylephrine, clonidine and metanephrine induced larval metamorphosis at 10(-6) to 10(-4) M in both 24-h and continuous exposure assays.