An improved technology for monitoring groundwater flow velocity and direction in fractured rock system based on colloidal particles motion.

The colloidal borescope, using colloidal particle motion, is used to monitor the flow velocities and directions of groundwater. It integrates advanced techniques such as microscopy, high-speed photography, and big data computing and enjoys high sensitivity at the micron level. However, In the same well, the groundwater flow velocity monitored by colloidal hole mirror is varies greatly from that obtained by conventional hydrogeological monitoring, such as pumping test.

[Electroacupuncture relieved neuropathic pain by suppressing L-Arg/NO/cGMP pathway in the lumbar spinal cord in rats with spared nerve injury].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on changes of expression of L-Arg transporter 2 (CAT-2) mRNA and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein and contents of NO and cGMP of L-L segments of spinal cord in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI), so as to reveal its mechanism underlying reducing neuropathic pain

Methods: A total of 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, EA and NOS inhibitor (N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-NAME) groups, with 30 rats in each group. The neuropathic pain model was established by ligating and cutting the tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve. EA (2 Hz, 1-3 mA) was applied to "Weizhong" (BL40) and "Huantiao" (GB30)on the damaged hindlimb for 30 min, once daily from day 11 to 17 after SNI.

[Effect of Electroacupuncture Intervention on CaMK II-CREB Pathway in Spinal Cord in Rats with Spared Nerve Injury].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Weizhong" (BL 40)-"Huantiao" (GB 30) on expression of phosphorylated calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMK II) and cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB) in the spinal cord in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI), so as to explore its mechanism underlying easing neuropathic pain.

Methods: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (sham-operation) , model, EA, AP-5 (a NMDA receptor antagonist) and L-NAME (a non-selective nitric oxide synthase, NOS inhibitor) (n = 12 in each group). The neuropathic pain model was established by sectioning the right tibal nerve and common peroneal nerve.