[Standardized use of sphincter preservation resection for rectal cancer].

Sphincter preservation resection has been the first choice for rectal cancer, not only for high and mid-rectal cancer, but also for low rectal cancer. Were sphincter preservation resection indicated and suitable for all of the patients with rectal cancer? The aim of this paper is to discuss when sphincter preservation resection should be chosen? Firstly we should have a thorough preoperative assessment for the patients. After that we should determine the indications of sphincter preservation resection according to the NCCN guideline.

[Effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the healing of anastomosis following low anterior resection in locally advanced rectal cancer].

Objective: To investigate the effect of the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCR) on the healing of anastomosis following low anterior resection in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: Between May 2001 and August 2007, 192 patients with T3 and T4 low rectal cancer (distance from the tumor to anal verge View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[Exploration on neoadjuvant chemoradiation in the treatment for locally advanced low rectal cancer].

Objective: To explore the possibility of further improvement of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced lower rectal cancer and the management of patients with clinical complete regression.

Methods: From May 2001 to August 2007, 192 cases with locally advanced lower rectal cancer (T3/T4 or N(+)) received preoperative radiotherapy 40 - 46 Gy/20 - 23 fractions and concomitant oral capecitabine 625 mg/m(2) bid for 10 weeks prior to surgery. Curative resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) was carried out 6 weeks after the end of radiation.

[Diagnostic significance and management principles of colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia].

Objective: To discuss the significance of pathological diagnosis of colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia and its treatment principles.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight cases with colorectal tumors were treated between January 2004 and June 2008, among them 73 cases of tumors were diagnosed as low grade intraepithelial neoplasia and 89 tumors as high grade intraepithelial neoplasia on biopsy. Five patients with adenoma were treated with endoscopic polypectomy, 49 patients with radical colectomy, 74 patients with low anterior resection (LAR), 16 patients with local excision, 2 patients with Hartmann operation, 4 patients with abdominal perineal resection, 7 patients with Parks coloanal anastomosis and 1 patient with sigmoid colostomy.

[Efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in treatment of locally advanced low rectal cancer].

Objective: To explore efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced low rectal cancer.

Methods: From May 2001 to August 2005, 105 patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer (T3, T4) were treated by preoperative radiotherapy to pelvis, 2.0 Gy daily up to 40-46 Gy in 4-5 weeks concomitantly with oral capecitabine at 1250 mg x m(-2) x d(-1) for 10 weeks up to surgery.

[Application of urinary nucleosides in the diagnosis and surgical monitoring of colorectal cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the value of urinary normal and modified nucleosides in diagnosis and surgical monitoring of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Between October 2002 and July 2003, 52 consecutive patients with pathological confirmed CRC were included in this study. Spontaneous urine samples were collected 1 d before and 8 d after surgery and 14 kinds of urinary nucleosides in the samples were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method.

[Irinotecan combined with fluoropyrimidine in treatment for advanced/metastatic colorectal carcinoma].

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of CPT-11 combined with fluoropyrimidine in treatment for advanced or metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Methods: From January 2001 to September 2003, 43 patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal carcinoma were randomized into two groups, group A [CPT-11 90 - 25 mg/m(2) continuous infusion for 10 h and folinic acid (FA) 30 mg x m(-2) x d(-1) + 5-FU 425 mg x m(-2) x d(-1) x 2 d continuous infusion for 48 h, every two weeks as a cycle in total of no less than six cycles] and group B (CPT-11 90 - 125 mg/m(2) continuous infusion for 10 h every two weeks as a cycle in total of no less than six cycles and capecitabine 1250 mg x m(-2) x d(-1) by oral divided into two doses, continuously taken without interruption for three months).

Results: In this study, overall response rate (ORR) was 44.

Effects and possible anti-tumor immunity of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice.

Aim: To evaluate the anti-tumor effects and possible involvement of anti-tumor immunity of electrochemotherapy (ECT) employing electroporation and bleomycin in human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice, and to establish the experimental basis for clinical application of ECT.

Methods: Forty nude mice, inoculated subcutaneously human colon cancer cell line LoVo for 3 wk, were allocated randomly into four groups: B+E+ (ECT), B+E- (administration of bleomycin alone), B-E+ (administration of electric pulses alone), and B-E- (no treatment). Tumor volumes were measured daily.

Laparoscopic versus open right hemicolectomy with curative intent for colon carcinoma.

Aim: Laparoscopic surgery, especially laparoscopic rectal surgery, for colorectal cancer has been developed considerably. However, due to relatively complicated anatomy and high requirements for surgery techniques, laparoscopic right colectomy develops relatively slowly. This study was designed to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH) with open right hemicolectomy (ORH) in the treatment of colon carcinoma.

[First-line Xeloda (Capecitabine) treatment for advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of capecitabine as first-line therapy in patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer.

Methods: From December 2000 to November 2001, sixty patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer received first-line capecitabine treatment given at a dose of 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily, on days 1 - 14 every 21 days. At least 2 cycles were administered.

[Single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose cefuroxime for prophylaxis of surgical site infection].

Objective: To compare the effects and pharmacoeconomics of single-dose of ceftriaxone versus 3-day cefuroxime prophylaxis in patients undergoing gastric or colorectal resection.

Methods: Three hundred and five consecutive patients with gastric or colorectal cancer from 5 medical centers were randomly divided into ceftriaxone group (n = 153, receiving intravenously 1 g ceftriaxone 0.5 - 1 h prior to operation only) and cefuroxime group (n = 152, receiving 0.

Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by hydrogen peroxide in human colon cancer.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide on the progression of human colon cancer.

Methods: Human colon carcinoma cell lines, LS174T and HCT8, were treated respectively with 10(-5), 10(-7) or 10(-9) mol x L(-1) hydrogen peroxide for 24h,and co-cultured with human endothelial cell line ECV-304. The migration of ECV-304 induced by cancer cells was calculated and the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor in cancer cells was determined by RT-PCR analysis and ELISA.

Detection of aberrant p16 methylation in the serum of colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: This study was designed to detect aberrant p16 promoter methylation in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to explore the possibility of using this assay in early detection or as a prognostic marker of CRC patients.

Experimental Design: Methylation-specific PCR was used to detect p16 methylation in DNA extracted from 52 CRCs and matching serum samples and control serum samples from 34 patients with adenomatous polyps and 10 healthy individuals. The association of p16 hypermethylation in serum DNA of CRC patients with clinicopathological characteristics was then analyzed.