Achieving Hepatitis C Micro-Elimination in Chinese Injecting Drug Users: A Dynamic Network Modeling Study.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) has established objectives for eradicating the hepatitis C virus (HCV). People who inject drugs (PWID), a major driver of HCV transmission, are an essential part of China's hepatitis C elimination program. This study aimed to estimate the requisite screening and antiviral treatment levels to achieve these goals among people who inject drugs in China and identify the most cost-effective strategy.

Microglia-derived ADAM9 promote GHRH neurons pyroptosis by Mad2L2-JNK-caspase-1 pathway in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The incidence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is significantly higher than that of other neuroendocrine disorders, but the mechanism is still elusive. We used mass spectrometry to identify differentially expressed proteins in cerebrospinal fluid samples from a well-characterized cohort of patients. A total of 683 proteins were identified, including 39 upregulated proteins in the GHD group.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize relevant literature on the prevalence of CAN and its risk factors in individuals with T1DM.

Methods: We screened relevant literature from databases based on predefined search criteria until June 28, 2022.

Early Mobilization after Cardiac Catheterization via Femoral Artery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Early mobilization is one of the essential components of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways and has been shown to reduce complications and optimize patient outcomes. However, the effect of early mobilization for patients who undergo trans-femoral cardiac catheterization and the time for optimal mobilization timing remains controversial. We aimed to identify the safety of early mobilization and provide the optimum timing for early mobilization for patients undergoing trans-femoral cardiac catheterization.

Relationship between perceived organisational support, self-efficacy, proactive personality and career self-management among nurses: a moderated mediation analysis.

Objectives: Career self-management is believed to be a critical behaviour in the new career era. However, the underlying mechanisms that stimulate nurses' career self-management are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of proactive personality on the relationship between perceived organisational support and career self-management among nurses.

Collecting and Delivering Fattened Pigs to the Abattoir.

In the context of pig farming, this paper addresses the optimization problem of collecting fattened pigs from farms to deliver them to the abattoir. Assuming that the pig sector is organized as a competitive supply chain with narrow profit margins, our aim is to apply analytics to cope with the uncertainty in production costs and revenues. Motivated by a real-life case, the paper analyzes a rich Team Orienteering Problem (TOP) with a homogeneous fleet, stochastic demands, and maximum workload.

Different lactate metabolism subtypes reveal heterogeneity in clinical outcomes and immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Background: The excessive accumulation of lactate within the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been demonstrated to facilitate tumor advancement and evade the immune system. Nonetheless, the metabolic status of lactate in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains uncertain.

Method: By analyzing the transcriptome profile of patients with LUAD, we created a lactate metabolism score (LMS) to predict survival.

Changing profiles of the burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias attributable to smoking in the belt and road initiative countries: A secondary analysis of global burden of disease 2019.

Objectives: This study was aimed at analyzing the burden and trend of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias attributed to smoking (SADD) in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries during 1990-2019.

Methods: Data from The 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study was used to extract information on the burden of SADD in terms of the numbers and age-standardized rate of mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years (ASDALR) in the BRI countries for 1990-2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to analyze the temporal trends of ASDALR from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade by Joinpoint regression analysis.

The Absence of Intra-Tumoral Tertiary Lymphoid Structures is Associated with a Worse Prognosis and mTOR Signaling Activation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) can predict the prognosis and sensitivity of tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, whether it can be noninvasively predicted by radiomics in hepatocellular carcinoma with liver transplantation (HCC-LT) has not been explored. In this study, it is found that intra-tumoral TLS abundance is significantly correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumor tissues with TLS are characterized by inflammatory signatures and high infiltration of antitumor immune cells, while those without TLS exhibit uncontrolled cell cycle progression and activated mTOR signaling by bulk and single-cell RNA-seq analyses.

Scoring the Value Assessment Framework for China: A Factorial Survey.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop the scoring functions for the recently developed value assessment framework (VAF) for China, which comprises 12 attributes.

Methods: We implemented a factorial survey among Chinese healthcare stakeholders from July to September 2022. A total of 240 hypothetical drug value profiles described by the VAF were grouped into 60 blocks and randomly assigned to respondents.

Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients After Craniotomy with the Appearance of Interleukin-6 Storm Can Activate Microglia to Damage the Hypothalamic Neurons in Mice.

We monitored CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) for Th1/Th2 inflammatory cytokines in a patient with unexplained postoperative disturbance of consciousness after craniotomy and found that the level of IL-6 (interleukin-6) concentrations was extremely high, meeting the traditional criteria for an inflammatory cytokine storm. Subsequently, the cerebrospinal fluid specimens of several patients were tested, and it was found that IL-6 levels were increased in different degrees after craniotomy. Previous studies have focused more on mild and long-term IL-6 elevation, but less on the effects of this short-term IL-6 inflammatory cytokine storm.

Proximal femoral tumor resection followed by joint prosthesis replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic outcome of hip joint replacement after resection of proximal femoral tumors by reviewing original studies.

Methods: Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to July 17, 2022. Then, the literature was screened by inclusion criteria.

Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction Is Likely to Be a Local Manifestation of Other Primary Diseases: Analysis of Single-Center 4-Year Follow-Up Data.

Background: Whether esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is a variant of achalasia cardia (AC) or an esophageal motility state of certain organic or systemic diseases remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the differences between EGJOO and AC in clinical characteristics and outcomes through a 4-year follow-up.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary EGJOO or AC were included.

Association of serum uric acid with risk of stroke in US adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999-2020.

Background And Aims: The validity of high uric acid levels as an independent cause of stroke remains controversial, and the association between its low concentration and stroke is unclear. This study determines how different serum uric acid (SUA) levels are associated with stroke risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data in the United States during 1999-2020.

Long-term outcomes in lean and non-lean NAFLD patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) commonly occurs in overweight or obese individuals, it is increasingly being identified in the lean population. The association between lean and an increased risk of all-cause mortality among patients with NAFLD remains controversial. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to evaluate this association and compare the long-term outcomes of lean NAFLD patients and non-lean NAFLD patients.

Application of electromagnetic disturbance technology in predicting ventriculoperitoneal shunt dependency after aneurysm-associated subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive power of electromagnetic disturbance technology in patients with hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study was conducted at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Nanfang Hospital. A total of 155 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were enrolled in this study.

Exploring the relationship between exposure to COVID-19 and donations during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating roles of emotions and risk perception.

Objective: Public emergency events like the COVID-19 pandemic are special occasions that need immediate massive funding from public donations. Thus, understanding the determinants of donation behaviors under public emergencies is important for both researchers and practitioners. This study investigated the effect of personal and local exposure to incidences of COVID-19 on donation behaviors.

Identifying Attributes for a Value Assessment Framework in China: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Value assessment frameworks (VAFs) are promising tools for measuring the value of health technologies and informing coverage policymaking; however, most published VAFs were developed for high-income countries. This study aimed to identify value attributes as part of the development of a VAF in China.

Methods: We used the qualitative description approach.

A Blood-Responsive AIE Bioprobe for the Ultrasensitive Detection and Assessment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe subtype of stroke caused by the rupturing of blood vessels in the brain. The ability to accurately assess the degree of bleeding in an SAH model is crucial for understanding the brain-damage mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies. However, current methods are unable to monitor microbleeding owing to their limited sensitivities.

Ambulatory Smartwatch ECG Monitoring among Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Early after Discharge: An Observational Study.

Background: As an emerging arrhythmia monitor, ambulatory smartwatch electrocardiogram (ECG) provides an option for home-based monitoring of delayed new-onset arrhythmic events after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We aimed to validate the diagnostic efficacy of a consumer smartwatch ECG in TAVR recipients, while further explore the occurrence rate of both tachy- and brady-arrhythmia for 30 days after discharge to support risk management.

Methods: Consecutive TAVR recipients from February 26th, 2021 to December 13th, 2021 were enrolled prospectively, receiving simultaneous 24-hour Holter and 12-lead ECG compared with smartwatch ECG during hospitalization and daily smartwatch ECG collection for 30 days after discharge.

Comparison of specimen quality among the standard suction, slow-pull, and wet suction techniques for EUS-FNA: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: Standard suction technique (SST), slow-pull technique (SPT), and wet suction technique (WEST) of EUS-FNA are designed to improve the diagnostic yields of solid and solid-cystic lesions. We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized crossover trial to compare SST, SPT, and WEST on specimen quality and diagnostic accuracy using a 22G needle.

Methods: Patients with solid or solid-cystic lesions referred for EUS-FNA at four tertiary hospitals from December 2017 to August 2019 were considered eligible.

SGLT2i reduces renal injury by improving mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis.

Objectives: Despite advances in treatment, an effective therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury (AKI) is still lacking. Considering the widely reported clinical benefits of canagliflozin in the kidneys, we assessed the effects of canagliflozin on AKI.

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce AKI in the presence of canagliflozin.