Transcriptional regulation of CCNO during the formation of multiple motile cilia.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by clinical manifestations resulting from abnormal ciliary motility. Mutations in critical genes, such as Cyclin O (CCNO), have been associated with severe respiratory disease, though limited data are currently available. Here we show that CCNO deficient ciliated cells can only form a reduced number of fully functional centrioles that can mature into ciliated basal bodies, and their transport and anchoring to the top of the plasma membrane are abnormal.

Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pediatric Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from inpatients and outpatients at Beijing Children's Hospital.

Background: Understanding the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) isolates is important for pneumonia treatment and prevention. This research aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of S.

Repeated atrial arrhythmia induced by cochineal red poisoning: A case report.

Background: Cochineal red is an organic compound widely used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and other fields due to its excellent safety profile. Poisoning caused by eating foods containing cochineal red is rare, and repeated atrial arrhythmia due to cochineal red poisoning is even rarer.

Case Summary: An 88-year-old Asian female patient was admitted to hospital due to a disturbance of consciousness.

Etiology and clinical features of children with bronchiectasis in China: A 10-year multicenter retrospective study.

Introduction: The current study aims to investigate the etiology spectrum and the clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis in Chinese children.

Methods: The study is designed as a multicenter retrospective study. 193 cases were enrolled in 13 centers in China between 2008 and 2017.

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of monkeypox in children: an experts' consensus statement.

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease. Since the first human monkeypox case was detected in 1970, it has been prevalent in some countries in central and western Africa. Since May 2022, monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 96 non-endemic countries and regions worldwide.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome following multiple wasp stings treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report.

Background: It is necessary for clinicians to be aware of a rare but possible acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complication caused by multiple wasp stings. Severe ARDS has a high mortality rate but no specific pharmacotherapies have been identified to date. This case study presents the first case of severe ARDS caused by multiple wasp stings, treated successfully with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Camrelizumab-induced anaphylactic shock in an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patient: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Camrelizumab (SHR-1210), an immune checkpoint inhibitor, is clinically used as a therapeutic option for various types of tumors. However, reports of adverse reactions associated with camrelizumab are gradually increasing. Anaphylactic shock due to camrelizumab has not been reported previously, until now.

Drug Clearance in Neonates: A Combination of Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling and Machine Learning Approaches to Improve Individual Prediction.

Background: Population pharmacokinetic evaluations have been widely used in neonatal pharmacokinetic studies, while machine learning has become a popular approach to solving complex problems in the current era of big data.

Objective: The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate whether combining population pharmacokinetic and machine learning approaches could provide a more accurate prediction of the clearance of renally eliminated drugs in individual neonates.

Methods: Six drugs that are primarily eliminated by the kidneys were selected (vancomycin, latamoxef, cefepime, azlocillin, ceftazidime, and amoxicillin) as 'proof of concept' compounds.

Macrolide Resistance and MLVA Typing in Children in Beijing, China, in 2016: Is It Relevant?

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the macrolide resistance rate and molecular type with multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) of of Beijing in 2016 in pediatric patients.

Methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify , and MLVA was performed. The domain V of the 23S rRNA was sequenced to detect macrolide-resistant point mutations.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of pancreaticopleural fistula in children.

Background: Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a rare disease, especially in children. Conservative treatment and surgery are traditional therapies, but surgery is invasive. The emergence of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has provided a new noninvasive treatment for PPF and may become the first choice for children with PPF.

Simplified Chinese version of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the simplified Chinese version of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ) for Chinese patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods: The construct validity was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The convergent validity was based on factor loading, composite reliability (CR), and Pearson correlation coefficients ().

Population pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of ceftriaxone for children with community-acquired pneumonia.

Purpose: To assess ceftriaxone population pharmacokinetics in a large pediatric population and describe the proper dose for establishing an optimized antibiotic regimen.

Methods: From pediatric patients using ceftriaxone, blood samples were obtained and the concentration was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet detection. The NONMEM software program was used for population pharmacokinetic analysis, for which data from 99 pediatric patients (2 to 12 years old) was collected and 175 blood concentrations were obtained.

A comparison between the low back pain scales for patients with lumbar disc herniation: validity, reliability, and responsiveness.

Background: Although the Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ), Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) has shown a preferable psychometric properties in patients with low back pain (LBP), but no study has yet determined these in conservative treatment of patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Thus the current study aimed to compare those scales in LDH patients receiving conservative treatment to select the better option to assess the severity of disease.

Methods: LDH patients were invited to complete the JOABPEQ, NPRS, ODI, RMDQ, and SF-36 twice.

Reappraisal of the Optimal Dose of Meropenem in Critically Ill Infants and Children: a Developmental Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis.

Data of developmental pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem in critically ill infants and children with severe infections are limited. We assessed the population PK and defined the appropriate regimen to optimize treatment in this population based on developmental PK-pharmacodynamic (PD) analysis. Blood samples were collected from pediatric intensive care unit patients with severe infection treated with standard dosage regimens for meropenem.

Updated diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children: experts' consensus statement (condensed version of the second edition).

In the early February, 2020, we called up an experts' committee with more than 30 Chinese experts from 11 national medical academic organizations to formulate the first edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which has been published in this journal. With accumulated experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children, we have updated the consensus statement and released the second edition recently. The current version in English is a condensed version of the second edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children.