Comparative Analysis of Muscle Atrophy During Spaceflight, Nutritional Deficiency and Disuse in the Nematode .

While spaceflight is becoming more common than before, the hazards spaceflight and space microgravity pose to the human body remain relatively unexplored. Astronauts experience muscle atrophy after spaceflight, but the exact reasons for this and solutions are unknown. Here, we take advantage of the nematode to understand the effects of space microgravity on worm body wall muscle.

Associations of Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion With Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Korea Over a 16-Year Period.

Background: This study investigated the associations between transfusion of different types of red blood cell (RBC) preparations and kidney allograft outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT) over a 16-year period in Korea using a nationwide population-based cohort.

Methods: We investigated the reported use of RBCs during hospitalization for KT surgery, rejection, and graft failure status using nationwide data from the National Health Information Database (2002-2017). The associations between the type of perioperative RBC product and transplant outcomes were evaluated among four predefined groups: no RBC transfusion, filtered RBCs, washed RBCs, and packed RBCs (pRBCs).

De Novo Cancer Incidence after Kidney Transplantation in South Korea from 2002 to 2017.

Advances in patient care and immunosuppressive drugs have improved graft survival, resulting in an increase in kidney transplantation (KT); however, persistent immunosuppression is thought to cause late occurrence of cancer. This population-based study consisted of a total of 14,842 patients whose data from the years 2002 to 2017 were collected from the National Health Information Database in South Korea. Malignancies occurred in 7.

Outcomes of kidney transplantation over a 16-year period in Korea: An analysis of the National Health Information Database.

Background: This study investigated the outcomes of kidney transplantation (KT) over a 16-year period in Korea and identified risk factors for graft failure using a nationwide population-based cohort.

Methods: We investigated the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database. Health insurance claims for patients who underwent KT between 2002 and 2017 were analyzed.

Muscle and epidermal contributions of the structural protein β-spectrin promote hypergravity-induced motor neuron axon defects in C. elegans.

Biology is adapted to Earth's gravity force, and the long-term effects of varying gravity on the development of animals is unclear. Previously, we reported that high gravity, called hypergravity, increases defects in the development of motor neuron axons in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that a mutation in the unc-70 gene that encodes the cytoskeletal β-spectrin protein suppresses hypergravity-induced axon defects.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Colonization in Intensive Care Units.

Active surveillance culture (ASC) can help detect hidden reservoirs, but the routine use of ASC for extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing is controversial in an endemic situation. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing (EBSL-Kpn) colonization among intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients. Prospective screening of ESBL-Kpn colonization was performed for ICU-admitted patients within 48 hours for two months.

Superhydrophobic Water-Solid Contact Triboelectric Generator by Simple Spray-On Fabrication Method.

Energy harvesting is a method of converting energy from ambient environment into useful electrical energy. Due to the increasing number of sensors and personal electronics, energy harvesting technologies from various sources are gaining attention. Among energy-harvesting technologies, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was introduced as a device that can effectively generate electricity from mechanical motions by contact-electrification.

Analysis of red blood cell use in elective surgeries over 12 years in Korea.

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a lifesaving process for patients with perioperative bleeding, but transfusion can cause adverse events. Effective utilization and management of blood products as a limited resource is essential when considering cost-efficiency and patient safety.

Study Design And Methods: We analyzed the number of RBC units used during the hospitalization of patients who had undergone surgical procedures from 2002 to 2013 using National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort data, which include a total of 487,238 cases for 206 selected operations.

Diagnostic performance of CA 125, HE4, and risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm for ovarian cancer.

Objective: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of CA 125, HE4, and ROMA for ovarian cancer in Koreans and set optimal cutoffs.

Method: Serum levels of HE4 and CA 125 and the ROMA score were determined in 762 patients with benign gynecological disease and 70 with ovarian cancer. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to calculate the areas under the curve (AUC).

Laboratory and Clinical Performance of the ADVIA Centaur Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Assay for Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis.

Context.—: Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies are important serologic markers for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Several kinds of test reagents for automated immunoassay systems have been developed and used in recent years.

Energy-loss return gate via liquid dielectric polarization.

There has been much research on renewable energy-harvesting techniques. However, owing to increasing energy demands, significant energy-related issues remain to be solved. Efforts aimed at reducing the amount of energy loss in electric/electronic systems are essential for reducing energy consumption and protecting the environment.

Application of Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification Assay for Genotyping Major Blood Group Systems Including DEL Variants in the D-Negative Korean Population.

Background: The DEL blood type, a very weak D variant, is a major concern in the field of transfusion medicine because of its potential to cause anti-D alloimmunization. We investigated the molecular basis of serologically D-negative phenotypes, including the DEL type, and the distribution of other blood group systems in the Korean population using the recently developed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay.

Methods: Blood group genotyping using the MLPA assay and RhCE phenotyping were performed on randomly selected 95 D-negative red blood cell products.

Retrospective analysis on the diagnostic performances and signal-to-cut-off ratios of the Elecsys Anti-HCV II assay.

Background: Anti-HCV assays are widely used as a screening tool for HCV infection. However, diagnostic performances and effective signal-to-cut-off ratios (S/COs) for predicting true HCV infections would vary according to the assays used. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic performances of the new Elecsys Anti-HCV assay.