Misfolding of transthyretin in vivo is controlled by the redox environment and macromolecular crowding.

Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive disorder characterized by peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction, and cardiomyopathy. The precise mechanism by which TTR misfolds and forms fibrils in vivo remains incompletely understood, posing challenges to the development of effective therapeutics. In this study, we reveal that the recently identified nonnative pathological species of TTR (NNTTR), which is enriched in the plasma of ttr-val30met gene carriers, exhibits strong amyloidogenic properties, making it a promising therapeutic target.

Site-specific sulfations regulate the physicochemical properties of papillomavirus-heparan sulfate interactions for entry.

Certain human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are etiological agents for several anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. During initial infection, HPV16, the most prevalent cancer-causing type, specifically interacts with heparan sulfates (HSs), not only enabling initial cell attachment but also triggering a crucial conformational change in viral capsids termed structural activation. It is unknown, whether these HPV16-HS interactions depend on HS sulfation patterns.

Jejunal amyloidosis: a rare case presented with sudden weight loss and altered bowel habits.

Amyloidosis is a multisystem disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of abnormal protein fibrils in various tissues and organs. It is a systemic disease mainly affecting the kidneys, liver, and spleen. In the GI tract, the duodenum is most commonly involved, followed by the stomach.

Seed nano-priming with multiple nanoparticles enhanced the growth parameters of lettuce and mitigated cadmium (Cd) bio-toxicity: An advanced technique for remediation of Cd contaminated environments.

Seed nano-priming can be used as an advanced technology for enhancing seed germination, plant growth, and crop productivity; however, the potential role of seed nano-priming in ameliorative cadmium (Cd) bio-toxicity under Cd stress has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, in this study we investigated the beneficial impacts of seed priming with low (L) and high (H) concentrations of nanoparticles including nSiO (50/100 mg L), nTiO (20/60 mg L), nZnO (50/100 mg L), nFeO (100/200 mg L), nCuO (50/100 mg L), and nCeO (50/100 mg L) on lettuce growth and antioxidant enzyme activities aiming to assess their efficacy for enhancing plant growth and reducing Cd phytotoxicity. The results showed a significant increase in plant growth, biomass production, antioxidant enzyme activities, and photosynthetic efficiency in lettuce treated with nano-primed nSiH + Cd (100 mg L), nTiH + Cd (60 mg L), and nZnL + Cd (50 mg L) under Cd stress.

Effect of foliar application of nanoparticles on growth, physiology, and antioxidant enzyme activities of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants under cadmium toxicity.

Nanotechnology has attracted the interest of scientists due to its wide range of application specifically in agriculture. Nanoparticles (NPs) may act as a promising materials to alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in plants. This study aims to assess the impact of multiple nanoparticles including nSiO (50 mg L:100 mg L), nTiO (20 mg L:60 mg L), nZnO (50 mg L:100 mg L), nFeO (100 mg L:200 mg L), nCuO (50 mg L:100 mg L), and nCeO (50 mg L:100 mg L) in combination with CdCl (5 µM) to mitigate Cd toxicity in lettuce through foliar application in hydroponic solution.

Inhibition of cMYC-MAX transcription factors hetero-dimerization with structurally engineered omoMYC to downregulate oncogenic pathways in renal carcinoma.

In the current study, we employed, structural informatics, and molecular simulation-based methods to engineer OmoMyc, a c-Myc dominant negative protein, to design novel mutants that could abrogate the c-MYC-MAX complex in Renal Carcinoma (RC). Among the total 472 mutations, only six mutations A61Q, Q64E, Q64K, N77R, Q64E-N77R, and Q64K-N77R were reported to increase the binding affinity and subjected to subsequent analysis such as protein-protein docking. The docking results revealed that the predicted mutants improve the functionality of the OmoMyc by not only increasing the binding affinity but also vdW and electrostatic energy in each complex that consequently increase the binding of the engineered OmoMyc by establishing extra hydrogen bonds, salt-bridges, and non-bonded contacts.

Dual pathology: paraneoplastic sarcoidosis emerging at the time of progression from smouldering to symptomatic myeloma.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown aetiology, which is diagnosed based on the presence of non-caseating granulomas on histology. The occurrence of sarcoidosis or a sarcoidosis-like reaction with malignancy has been recognised for several years. Although it has been established that there is an increased risk of lymphoproliferative disorder with sarcoidosis, the association between multiple myeloma and sarcoidosis has rarely been reported.

Genetic Polymorphism and serum levels of Insulin like Growth Factor-1 (Igf-1) in patients of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: Insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1), is a modulator of immunity and inflammation, it promotes the anabolic role of growth hormone (GH) on bone and skeletal tissue. Genetic polymorphism in IGF-1 gene is reported to affect the transcriptional efficiency affecting its serum level. In this study we aim: 1) To study the presence of 192bp polymorphism of IGF-1 gene in patients of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 2) To study the association of 192 bp polymorphism of IGF-1 gene with serum IGF-1 levels and disease severity in patients of RA.

Infection Rates and Impact of Glucose Lowering Medications on the Clinical Course of COVID-19 in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose: Diabetes is a risk factor for COVID-19 severity, but the role played by glucose lowering medications (GLM) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess infection rates and outcomes of COVID-19 (hospitalization and mortality) in adults with diabetes assisted by the Local Health Unit of Padua (North-East Italy) according to the ongoing GLM.

Patients And Methods: People with diabetes were identified using administrative claims, while those with SARS-CoV-2 infection were detected by cross referencing with the local COVID-19 surveillance registry.

Ameliorative effects of endogenous and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on atrazine stressed paddy field cyanobacterial biofertilizer Cylindrospermum stagnale.

Across the world, paddy fields naturally harbour cyanobacteria that function as biofertilizers and secrete various compounds like Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) that help organisms in regulating their growth. Also, paddy field farming utilizes large amounts of pesticides (e.g.

Antibiofilm Activities of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Against .

Biofilms are microbial colonies that are encased in an organic polymeric matrix and are resistant to antimicrobial treatments. Biofilms can adhere to both biotic and abiotic surfaces, allowing them to colonize medical equipment such as urinary and intravenous catheters, mechanical heart valves, endotracheal tubes, and prosthetic joints. biofilm is the major etiological cause of the pathogenesis of candidiasis in which its unobstructed growth occurs in the oral cavity; trachea, and catheters that progress to systemic infections in the worst scenarios.

Microstructured collagen films for 3D corneal stroma modelling.

Purpose/aim: Corneal injury is a major cause of impaired vision around the globe. The fine structure of the corneal stroma plays a pivotal role in the phenotype and behavior of the embedded cells during homeostasis and healing after trauma or infection. In order to study healing processes in the cornea, it is important to create culture systems that functionally mimic the natural environment.

A tripartite cytolytic toxin formed by proteins with flagellum-facilitated secretion.

The protein MakA was discovered as a motility-associated secreted toxin from Here, we show that MakA is part of a gene cluster encoding four additional proteins: MakB, MakC, MakD, and MakE. MakA, MakB, and MakE were readily detected in culture supernatants of wild-type , whereas secretion was very much reduced from a flagellum-deficient mutant. Crystal structures of MakA, MakB, and MakE revealed a structural relationship to a superfamily of bacterial pore-forming toxins.

Application of Wavelet Feature Extraction and Artificial Neural Networks for Improving the Performance of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Meters Used in Oil and Petrochemical Industries.

Measuring fluid characteristics is of high importance in various industries such as the polymer, petroleum, and petrochemical industries, etc. Flow regime classification and void fraction measurement are essential for predicting the performance of many systems. The efficiency of multiphase flow meters strongly depends on the flow parameters.

The role of novel hormone asprosin in insulin resistance during preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia, a multisystemic syndrome of unknown etiology is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Metabolic alterations causing insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are the prominent factors of preeclampsia. A novel hormone asprosin was discovered to be increased in humans with pathological conditions related to insulin resistance.

Association of serum advanced glycation (AGEs) end products, apolipoprotein-B and zinc in severity of T2DM retinopathy.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), lipids and lipoproteins and antioxidant enzymes are involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). AGEs and modified Apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B) lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species causing damage to the retina leading to DR. Zinc has antioxidant properties and protects the retina against reactive oxygen species.

Thrombosis and thrombocytopaenia after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination: a single UK centre experience.

We report clinical findings of three patients presenting with thrombosis and thrombocytopaenia 10-16 days following the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. All patients presented to a major university teaching hospital in the UK over a 5-day period and were found to have high-titre antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4) without previous exposure to heparin. All three patients presented with extensive venous thrombosis, significant thrombocytopaenia, elevated D-dimer and borderline low fibrinogen.

Membrane binding controls ordered self-assembly of animal septins.

Septins are conserved cytoskeletal proteins that regulate cell cortex mechanics. The mechanisms of their interactions with the plasma membrane remain poorly understood. Here, we show by cell-free reconstitution that binding to flat lipid membranes requires electrostatic interactions of septins with anionic lipids and promotes the ordered self-assembly of fly septins into filamentous meshworks.

Hypophagic and weight reducing effect of Momardica charinta fruit by Enhancing 5-HT neurotransmitter in rats brain.

Momardica charint seed as vegetable and folk medicine in Pakistan, India, China, Bangladesh and other Asian countries Momardica charinta also known as Kerala, bittergourd ,balsam pear. It possesses many biological active constituents including glycosides, saponins, phenolic and flavonoids compound, protein, triterpenes, steroid, saponins, alkaloid. It also contain thiamine ,beta carotene, folate, riboflavin, calcium, iron, potassium, zinc and fiber.

Strong Reduction of the Chain Rigidity of Hyaluronan by Selective Binding of Ca Ions.

The biological functions of natural polyelectrolytes are strongly influenced by the presence of ions, which bind to the polymer chains and thereby modify their properties. Although the biological impact of such modifications is well recognized, a detailed molecular picture of the binding process and of the mechanisms that drive the subsequent structural changes in the polymer is lacking. Here, we study the molecular mechanism of the condensation of calcium, a divalent cation, on hyaluronan, a ubiquitous polymer in human tissues.