The cadenza woodwind dataset: Synthesised quartets for music information retrieval and machine learning.

This paper presents the Cadenza Woodwind Dataset. This publicly available data is synthesised audio for woodwind quartets including renderings of each instrument in isolation. The data was created to be used as training data within Cadenza's second open machine learning challenge (CAD2) for the task on rebalancing classical music ensembles.

Research Priorities for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response: An Interdisciplinary Delphi Study.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a multisensory experience most often associated with feelings of relaxation and altered consciousness, elicited by stimuli which include whispering, repetitive movements, and close personal attention. Since 2015, ASMR research has grown rapidly, spanning disciplines from neuroscience to media studies but lacking a collaborative or interdisciplinary approach. To build a cohesive and connected structure for ASMR research moving forwards, a modified Delphi study was conducted with ASMR experts, practitioners, community members, and researchers from various disciplines.

A study within a trial (SWAT) of clinical trial feasibility and barriers to recruitment in the United Kingdom - the CapaCiTY programme experience.

Background: The CapaCiTY programme includes three, multi-centre, randomised controlled trials aiming to develop an evidence based adult chronic constipation treatment pathway. The trials were conducted in the United Kingdom, National Health Service, aiming to recruit 808 participants from 26 March 2015 to 31 January 2019. Sites were selected based on their responses to site feasibility questionnaires (2014-2015), a common tool employed by sponsors to assess a site's recruitment potential and ability to undertake the trial protocol.

Relapse Risk Factors for Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia: A Retrospective Study of 163 Dogs.

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is defined as an immune-mediated destruction of erythrocytes. Relapses are recognized, but risk factors are poorly defined. We hypothesized that a lower packed cell volume (PCV) on presentation, more transfusions during hospitalization, or a higher total bilirubin would be associated with an increased risk of relapse.

Online Learning in Medical Student Clerkship: A Survey of Student Perceptions and Future Directions.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a major impact on medical education with clerkship students abruptly removed from clinical activities in 2020 and hastily immersed in online learning to maintain medical education. In 2022, students returned to in-person clinical experiences, but synchronous learning sessions continued online with extensive use of asynchronous online resources. This change offers a unique opportunity to gather information about students' perspectives regarding the acceptability and effectiveness of online learning strategies.

, , or ? Understanding the perception of audio quality in music by hearing aid users.

Introduction: Previous work on audio quality evaluation has demonstrated a developing convergence of the key perceptual attributes underlying judgments of quality, such as timbral, spatial and technical attributes. However, across existing research there remains a limited understanding of the crucial perceptual attributes that inform audio quality evaluation for people with hearing loss, and those who use hearing aids. This is especially the case with music, given the unique problems it presents in contrast to human speech.

Habit training versus habit training with direct visual biofeedback in adults with chronic constipation: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: The aim was to determine whether specialist-led habit training using Habit Training with Biofeedback (HTBF) is more effective than specialist-led habit training alone (HT) for chronic constipation and whether outcomes of interventions are improved by stratification to HTBF or HT based on diagnosis (functional defaecation disorder vs. no functional defaecation disorder) by radio-physiological investigations (INVEST).

Method: This was a parallel three-arm randomized single-blinded controlled trial, permitting two randomized comparisons: HTBF versus HT alone; INVEST- versus no-INVEST-guided intervention.

Use of a paediatric advice line for parents of infants recruited to a randomised controlled trial.

Background: This study aims to describe the use of a paediatric advice line (PAL) provided to parents whose infants were recruited to a large randomised controlled trial (RCT), including the number and types of medical concerns addressed, seasonal variability and call outcomes. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics of the parents and children of those parents who used the PAL are compared with those who did not.

Methods: Prospective cohort of 1246 children nested in the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR) RCT.

A retrospective analysis of speech and hearing in patients receiving surgery for submucous cleft palate.

Submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is an uncommon subtype of cleft palate that is associated with symptoms of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), the most common being hypernasal speech. A high proportion of patients also suffer from conductive hearing loss, which is thought to be due to eustachian tube dysfunction. A number of surgical techniques have been proposed to correct the anatomical defect that is responsible for VPI.

Neonatal BCG vaccination is associated with a long-term DNA methylation signature in circulating monocytes.

Trained immunity describes the capacity of innate immune cells to develop heterologous memory in response to certain exogenous exposures. This phenomenon mediates, at least in part, the beneficial off-target effects of the BCG vaccine. Using an in vitro model of trained immunity, we show that BCG exposure induces a persistent change in active histone modifications, DNA methylation, transcription, and adenosine-to-inosine RNA modification in human monocytes.

From vision to implementation: Building a national undergraduate paediatric curriculum.

Objective: There are many challenges in ensuring medical students learn paediatrics. Medical educators must develop and maintain curricula that meet learners' needs and accreditation requirements. Paediatricians and family physicians, practicing and teaching in busy clinical environments, require Canadian-relevant curricular guidance and resources to teach and assess learners.

Children and Adults in a Household Cohort Study Have Robust Longitudinal Immune Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Exposure.

Children have reduced severity of COVID-19 compared to adults and typically have mild or asymptomatic disease. The immunological mechanisms underlying these age-related differences in clinical outcomes remain unexplained. Here, we quantify 23 immune cell populations in 141 samples from children and adults with mild COVID-19 and their PCR-negative close household contacts at acute and convalescent time points.

BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in healthcare workers: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial (BRACE trial).

Introduction: BCG vaccination modulates immune responses to unrelated pathogens. This off-target effect could reduce the impact of emerging pathogens. As a readily available, inexpensive intervention that has a well-established safety profile, BCG is a good candidate for protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) and other vulnerable groups against COVID-19.

The safety of BCG revaccination: A systematic review.

Introduction: Revaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is not generally recommended due to a lack of proven efficacy of repeat doses for protection against tuberculosis. However, there is a growing interest in the use of BCG vaccine for its 'off-target' effects which might involve revaccination. We did a systematic review of the safety of BCG revaccination.

Innate cell profiles during the acute and convalescent phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.

Children have mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confirmed disease (COVID-19) compared to adults and the immunological mechanisms underlying this difference remain unclear. Here, we report acute and convalescent innate immune responses in 48 children and 70 adults infected with, or exposed to, SARS-CoV-2. We find clinically mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is characterised by reduced circulating subsets of monocytes (classical, intermediate, non-classical), dendritic cells and natural killer cells during the acute phase.

Impact of low-level fine particulate matter and ozone exposure on absences in K-12 students and economic consequences.

High air pollution levels are associated with school absences. However, low level pollution impacts on individual school absences are under-studied. Understanding the variability of pollution at individual schools within an urban region could improve school recess decisions, better identify local pollution sources, and improve local economic impact assessments by providing granular information relevant to specific schools.

Tailored flavoproteins acting as light-driven spin machines pump nuclear hyperpolarization.

The solid-state photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) effect generates non-Boltzmann nuclear spin magnetization, referred to as hyperpolarization, allowing for high gain of sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Well known to occur in photosynthetic reaction centers, the effect was also observed in a light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain of the blue-light receptor phototropin, in which the functional cysteine was removed to prevent photo-chemical reactions with the cofactor, a flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Upon illumination, the FMN abstracts an electron from a tryptophan to form a transient spin-correlated radical pair (SCRP) generating the photo-CIDNP effect.

More than moving online: Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on curriculum development.

With the dust settled, but not yet cleared, on initial adjustments to education during COVID‐19, 10 author groups offer reflections on next steps for 10 areas of practice.

Longitudinal study of prevalence and spatio-temporal distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from three defined habitats in Latvia, 1999-2010.

Members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) species complex are known to cause human Lyme borreliosis.

The emerging role of epigenetics in the immune response to vaccination and infection: a systematic review.

Extensive research has highlighted the role of infection-induced epigenetic events in the development of cancer. More recently, attention has focused on the ability of non-carcinogenic infections, as well as vaccines, to modify the human epigenome and modulate the immune response. This review explores this rapidly evolving area of investigation and outlines the many and varied ways in which vaccination and natural infection can influence the human epigenome from modulation of the innate and adaptive immune response, to biological ageing and modification of disease risk.