Plant Growth Promotion and Plant Disease Suppression Induced by Strain GD4a.

, the causative agent of gray mold disease (GMD), invades plants to obtain nutrients and disseminates through airborne conidia in nature. strain GD4a, a beneficial bacterium isolated from switchgrass, shows great potential in managing GMD in plants. However, the precise mechanism by which GD4a confers benefits to plants remains elusive.

A BURST-BAUS consensus document for best practice in the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion: the Finding consensus for orchIdopeXy In Torsion (FIX-IT) study.

Objectives: To produce a best practice consensus guideline for the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion using formal consensus methodology.

Materials And Methods: A panel of 16 expert urologists, representing adult, paediatric, general, and andrological urology used the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Consensus Methodology to score a 184 statement pre-meeting questionnaire on the conduct of scrotal exploration for suspected testicular torsion. The collated responses were presented at a face-to-face online meeting and each item was rescored anonymously after a group discussion, facilitated by an independent chair with expertise in consensus methodology.

Oral hygiene effects verbal and nonverbal displays of confidence.

Although oral hygiene is known to impact self-confidence and self-esteem, little is known about how it influences our interpersonal behavior. Using a wearable, multi-sensor device, we examined differences in consumers' individual and interpersonal confidence after they had or had not brushed their teeth. Students (N = 140) completed nine one-to-one, 3-minute "speed dating" interactions while wearing a device that records verbal, nonverbal, and mimicry behavior.

Associations between circadian rhythm instability, appraisal style and mood in bipolar disorder.

Background: Internal appraisal styles, in addition to circadian and social rhythm instability, have been implicated in the development of mood experiences in bipolar disorder (BD), yet potential interactions between these variables remain under researched.

Methods: This study used online questionnaires to examine relationships between social and circadian rhythm instability, appraisal style and mood within populations at varying vulnerability for BD.

Results: Participants with BD (n=51), and those at behavioural high-risk (BHR; n=77), exhibited poor sleep quality and a stronger tendency to form internal appraisals of both positive and negative experiences compared to non-clinical controls (n=498) and participants with fibromyalgia (n=80).

Quantitative functional outcomes of the conservative management of partial segmental thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum.

The low incidence of partial segmental thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum (PSTCC) means its management is guided by isolated case reports. Erectile function is an important outcome that has not been described quantitatively in the literature. We present two cases of PSTCC managed conservatively.

Reproductive outcomes in women with classic bladder exstrophy: an observational cross-sectional study.

Objective: We sought to examine the reproductive outcomes of 52 women with classical bladder exstrophy.

Study Design: This was an observational study with cross-sectional and retrospective arms.

Results: The average age of the sample was 33 years (range, 17-63).

Changing P2X receptor localization on maturing sperm in the epididymides of mice, hamsters, rats, and humans: a preliminary study.

Objective: To study using immunohistochemistry the localization of P2X receptor subtypes on the head of immature sperm in the human, mouse, hamster, and rat caput epididymidis.

Design: Basic research.

Setting: University-based hospital.

Aetiology and treatment of symptomatic idiopathic urethral strictures in children.

Objective: To report the presentation and treatment outcomes on a series of 12 paediatric bulbar or posterior urethral strictures that were possibly congenital in origin, identified in a 9-year period.

Methods: A retrospective case-note review of all cases of urethral strictures thought to be congenital in origin, prospectively collected into the departmental database.

Results: The age at presentation had a bimodal distribution with 6/12 presenting in the first year of life of which four had antenatal hydronephrosis and 5/12 presenting after the age of 11 years.

The purinergic component of human vas deferens contraction.

Objective: To examine purinergic signaling in human vas deferens.

Design: To study contractile responses of the scrotal vas deferens.

Setting: Research department of a university teaching hospital.

Alterations in purinergic and cholinergic components of contractile responses of isolated detrusor contraction in a rat model of partial bladder outlet obstruction.

Objective: To study the effect of 3 weeks of partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), compared to a sham operation, on the cholinergic and purinergic components of detrusor contractile responses to agonists and to electrical field stimulation (EFS); the expression of P2X receptor subtypes was also examined.

Materials And Methods: Partial BOO was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats by surgically applying a jeweller's silver 'jump' ring around the urethra, such that the urethra was constricted but not closed. Sham-operated female rats underwent an identical procedure without placement of a ring.

Smooth muscle and purinergic contraction of the human, rabbit, rat, and mouse testicular capsule.

The smooth-muscle cells of the testicular capsule (tunica albuginea) of man, rat, and mouse were examined by electron microscopy. They were characteristically flattened, elongated, branching cells and diffusely incorporated into the collagenous matrix and did not form a compact muscle layer. Contractile and synthetic smooth-muscle cell phenotypes were identified.

The outcome of drug smuggling by 'body packers'--the British experience.

Body packing or internal concealment used by drug dealers to smuggle illicit substances, puts the body packer at risk of both imprisonment and death. We report our experience over a 4 year period from January 1996 to December 1999 of suspects presenting to our hospital (the largest series in Europe). A total of 572 cases were assessed radiographically and 180 were shown to be carrying foreign bodies.

Decrease in phosphoribulokinase activity by antisense RNA in transgenic tobacco. Relationship between photosynthesis, growth, and allocation at different nitrogen levels.

To study the direct effects of photosynthesis on allocation of biomass by altering photosynthesis without altering leaf N or nitrate content, phosphoribulokinase (PRK) activity was decreased in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) with an inverted tobacco PRK cDNA and plants were grown at different N levels (0.4 and 5 mM NH4NO3).

Capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis-electrospray-mass spectroscopy for the analysis of heterocyclic amines.

Fourteen heterocyclic amines (HAs) were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated capillary column. The optimized electrolyte is composed of 20 mM ammonium acetate, pH 3.0, and 20% methanol.

On the time course of surgically induced compensatory muscle hypertrophication of the rat plantaris muscle.

1. The time course of the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the rat plantaris muscle was determined from measurements of total muscle mass and cross-section analysis of fixed muscle. 2.

Pre- and postsynaptic actions of valproic acid at the frog neuromuscular junction.

The effect of valproic acid (VPA) on synaptic transmission was investigated at the frog neuromuscular junction using electrophysiological methods. The drug caused a dose-dependent decrease in the quantal content of the endplate potential (EPP) and a significant reduction in the input resistance of the postjunctional membrane. There were no apparent changes in the resting membrane potential or the frequency of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP).

Voltage clamp analysis of inhibitory synaptic action in crayfish stretch receptor neurons.

Abdominal stretch receptor neurons of Procambarus clarkii were voltage clamped with two microelectrodes, and the synaptic currents set up by stimulating the inhibitory axons, or by rapid bath application of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), were recorded. The inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) decay was exponential, the time constant of decay being increased by membrane depolarization. The IPSC decay was prolonged by diphenylhydantoin, whereas the IPSC amplitude was depressed by picrotoxin.

A yeast mutant which accumulates precursor tRNAs.

It has been proposed that the conditional yeast mutant ts136 is defective in the transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (Hutchinson, Hartwell and McLaughlin, 1969). We have examined ts136 to determine whether it is defective in tRNA biosynthesis. At the restrictive temperature, the mutant accumulates twelve new species of RNA.

The effect of guanidine on transmitter release in the ciliary ganglion of the chick.

1. The effect of guanidine hydrochloride on synaptic transmission at the chick ciliary ganglion was studied. 2.