Pre-optimized phage therapy on secondary infection in four critical COVID-19 patients.

Phage therapy is recognized as a promising alternative to antibiotics in treating pulmonary bacterial infections, however, its use has not been reported for treating secondary bacterial infections during virus pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We enrolled 4 patients hospitalized with critical COVID-19 and pulmonary carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) infections to compassionate phage therapy (at 2 successive doses of 10 plaque-forming unit phages). All patients in our COVID-19-specific intensive care unit (ICU) with CRAB positive in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or sputum samples were eligible for study inclusion if antibiotic treatment failed to eradicate their CRAB infections.

Non-active antibiotic and bacteriophage synergism to successfully treat recurrent urinary tract infection caused by extensively drug-resistant .

We report a case of a 63-year-old female patient who developed a recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) with extensively drug-resistant (ERKp). In the initial two rounds of phage therapy, phage resistant mutants developed within days. Although ERKp strains were completely resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, the combination of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with the phage cocktail inhibited the emergence of phage resistant mutant , and the UTI of patient was successfully cured by this combination.