Effect of feeding chitosan and blend of essential organic acids on growth performance, haematological parameters and innate immunity in early aged male layer chicks.

The use of antibiotics as conventional feed additives in poultry operations have proven useful, however resulted serious health concerns to consumer due to their bio-accumulation, besides rising problem of antimicrobial resistance in microbes, thus, an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter have called for. One of the aim of the experiment was to assess the lone and combined effects of feeding of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) and blend of organic acids and short chain fatty acids in essential oils on growth performance, haematological parameters, relative lymphoid organ weight and innate immunity in early aged layer chick (male birds). A total of ninety, day-old chicks were randomly allotted into five groups: CO, Control group fed only poultry feed ; AGP, antibiotic growth promoter fed Avilomycin at the dose of 200 mg/kg of poultry feed; CH, chitosan oligosaccharide fed at the rate of 100 mg/kg feed; OE, blend of organic acids and short chain fatty acids in essential oils contained 1000 to 2000 mg/kg feed in a graded dose per week and CH + OE, chitosan oligosaccharide plus blend of organic acids and short chain fatty acids in essential oils at consistent rate and manner as followed for each of given feed additives when fed individually.

Amelioration of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis by administration of Salvianolic acid B in mice.

Pulmonary fibrosis is the end‑stage manifestation of wide range of respiratory diseases and during pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary inflammation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) play important roles. Salvianolic acid B (SAB) from the herb Salviae miltiorrhiza has been reported to possess an excellent anti‑inflammatory, antifibrotic and antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of SAB on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Effect of low-cost automation on labor productivity and labor fatigue for corrugated boxes flaps twisting.

Background: Flaps of the corrugated box folded inversely while manual packing of goods initiative this will cause tearing of the box at creased positions.

Objective: To avoid tearing, it is required to twist each box along creased positions as soon as it is manufactured and in wet condition due to liquid gum application.

Methods: To apply and evaluate the effect of Low-Cost Automation on labor productivity and labor fatigue for corrugated boxes flaps twisting.

A Soft Computing-Based Analysis of Cutting Rate and Recast Layer Thickness for AZ31 Alloy on WEDM Using RSM-MOPSO.

In the present research, the AZ31 alloy is machined by wire-cut electric discharge machining (WEDM). The experiments were designed according to the Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The input process variables, namely servo feed (SF), pulse on-time (Ton), servo voltage (SV), and pulse off-time (Toff), were planned by BBD, and experiments were performed to investigate the cutting rate (CR) and recast layer thickness (RCL).

Bacillus circulans MTCC 7906 aided facile development of bioconjugate nano-silica alkaline protease formulation with superlative dehairing potential.

The tannery industries utilize environmentally hazardous chemicals to achieve dehairing of animal hides, which causes enormous waterbed pollution & high TDS load. Alkaline protease enzyme for dehairing can be an effective solution to resolve the environmental problems of the tannery industry waste. However, stable, cost-efficient and eco-benign formulations of alkaline protease need to be developed for commercial applications in the tannery industry.

Vibration Exposure and Transmissibility on Dentist's Anatomy: A Study of Micro Motors and Air-Turbines.

The use of dental hand pieces endanger dentists to vibration exposure as they are subjected to very high amplitude and vibration frequency. This paper has envisaged a comparative analysis of vibration amplitudes and transmissibility during idling and drilling with micro motor (MM) and air-turbine (AT) hand pieces. The study aims to identify the mean difference in vibration amplitudes during idling, explore different grasp forces while drilling with irrigant injection by the dentist, and various vibration transmission of these hand pieces.

Assessment of antigenic specificity of polyclonal antisera raised against by ELISA.

Lack of availability of commercial antibodies against whole-cell antigen or an antigenic epitope of () has hindered the development of novel immunoassays for the diagnose infectious coryza (IC). In this study, we raised polyclonal antisera against and evaluated its antigenic-specificity using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We standardized antigen coating concentration(s), antibody detection limit, and optimal range of dilutions of primary antisera and secondary conjugated antibody.

Patho-epidemiological and risk factor studies for detection of Neospora-associated abortion in cattle and buffaloes in Punjab, India.

The diagnosis of abortion in livestock is difficult. In this paper, Neospora caninumassociated abortion in cattle and buffaloes in India is reported for the first time. A total of 184 animals (cattle, n = 133; water buffaloes, n = 51) were randomly selected for seroprevalence studies from 28 farms with a history of abortion.

Development of nano-silver alkaline protease bio-conjugate depilating eco-benign formulation by utilizing potato peel based medium.

A new bio-conjugate nano-silver enzyme conjugate complex (BC-nAg-Akp) was formulated containing alkaline protease (Akp). The present research involved synthesis of nAg particles in acetone concentrated enzyme sol using 0.005 M AgNO solution formed within interaction time of 24 h through photo catalysis.

Early migration pattern of Avibacterium paragallinarum in the nasal passage of experimentally infected chicken and Japanese quail by immunohistochemistry.

Infectious coryza (IC) is often a curse for poultry farmers when it occurs concurrently with several pathogens causing swollen head syndrome. The disease is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, which inflicts initial damage to the nasal and respiratory epithelium. This facilitates the progression of disease pathology across the nasal cavity, thereby providing a platform for multiplication of opportunistic microbes.

Sublethal chronic effects of oral dietary exposure to deltamethrin in Swiss albino mice.

The hazards of dietary exposure to environmentally relevant levels of deltamethrin are poorly understood though studies enunciate the acute toxicity hazards. In this study, prolonged exposure to low levels of deltamethrin in mice was investigated. The mice were exposed daily via gavage method for 60 days.

Comparison of diagnostic tests for the detection of bovine brucellosis in the natural cases of abortion.

Rapid and precise diagnosis in natural field cases of bovine abortion caused by warrants the use of the most sensitive and reliable diagnostic methods. In the present study, bacterial isolation, serology, gross, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction technique(s) were applied. Sero-prevalence studies showed the rate of 28.

Hypervitaminosis D in broiler chicks: histopathological, immunomodulatory and immunohistochemical approach.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the toxic effects of higher doses (1,00,000 IU i.e. 2.

Concomitant effect of low dose of lindane and intranasal lipopolysaccharide on respiratory system of mice.

Lindane is very commonly used organochlorine pesticide and has been reported to cause several toxic effects including respiratory insufficiency. However, effects of low concentration of lindane alone or in combination with microbial molecules on lungs are not fully understood. To understand the effects a preliminary study was designed on Swiss albino mouse.

Histopathological and immunohistochemical approaches for the diagnosis of Pasteurellosis in swine population of Punjab.

Aim: Infectious porcine bronchopneumonia, caused by , is a widespread disease of major economic significance. Thus, the aim of the present study was to diagnose swine Pasteurellosis using gross, histopathological, and immunopathological approaches in the swine population of Punjab and to compare the efficacy of immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques with conventional diagnostic techniques.

Materials And Methods: A total of 71 adult swine lung samples showing gross pneumonic changes were collected along with the associated lymph nodes to carry out the study.

Epidemiological and immunopathological studies on Porcine parvovirus infection in Punjab.

Aim: The aim of this study was to get the first-hand knowledge about the seroprevalence of Porcine parvovirus (PPV) in Punjab and a diagnosis of PPV from abortion cases of swine using gross, histopathological, and immunohistopathological techniques to observe the tissue tropism of the virus strain.

Materials And Methods: Tissue samples from the reproductive tract of pig (n=32), placental tissue (n=10), and aborted fetuses (n=18) were collected from Postmortem Hall of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, GADVASU, field outbreaks and from butcher houses in and around Ludhiana. These samples were processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies.

Ascaridia galli induced ulcerative proventriculitis in a poultry bird.

Various possible causes of proventriculitis include virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoans, nematodes, biogenic amines and excessive copper sulphate. In the present case, parasites were found in the lumen of the proventriculus, gizzard and duodenum of a poultry bird. Characteristic features of the parasite were studied and confirmed as Ascaridia galli.

Histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of infectious bursal disease in poultry birds.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to diagnose infectious bursal disease (IBD) using gross, histopathological, and immunopathological approaches and to compare efficacy of immunohistochemical techniques with conventional diagnostic techniques.

Materials And Methods: A total of 33 samples were collected from the six different poultry farms from Ludhiana and the nearby districts. Upon gross analysis of the necropsied birds, the relevant tissue samples such as bursa, kidney, junction of proventriculus and gizzard, heart, and muscles were then processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies.

Influence of salivary contamination on the dentin bond strength of two different seventh generation adhesive systems: In vitro study.

Aim: To investigate the effect of salivary contamination on the bond strength of two different seventh generation adhesive systems.

Materials And Methods: Sixty caries-free human premolars with flat dentin surfaces were randomly divided into six groups of 10 teeth each and bonding was done using seventh-generation bonding agents Adper Easy One (3M ESPE) and Xeno V (Dentsply). Following the bonding procedure, resin composite was bonded to the surfaces using a plastic mould.

Volumetric and cost evaluation study of glaucoma medical therapy.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the difference in mentioned volume and measured volume of the eye drops and to find out the yearly cost of various antiglaucoma drugs.

Methods: It was an experimental and purely laboratory study. Total of 245 bottles of 49 different brands, five of each brand of antiglaucoma drug were analyzed.

Veterinary urban hygiene: a challenge for India.

India is confronted with many hygiene problems in urban areas that are related to animal populations. While some of these issues have been present for many years, others are only now emerging. A livestock census in 2003 and another in 2007 revealed that populations of crossbred cattle, goats and poultry are all increasing in urban areas, since this enables easy market access, which, in turn, reduces transportation costs and adds to profits.

Comparison of diagnostic tests for diagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in natural cases of bovine abortion.

Rapid and precise diagnosis plays a pivotal role in implementing suitable control measures in natural field cases of bovine abortion due to infection with bovine herpesvirus (BHV)-1. In the present study, serology, virus isolation, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of the gene encoding glycoprotein B were applied for diagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in cases of abortion. The seroprevalence of IBR in the population studied was 26.

Climate change, zoonoses and India.

Economic trends have shaped our growth and the growth of the livestock sector, but atthe expense of altering natural resources and systems in ways that are not always obvious. Now, however, the reverse is beginning to happen, i.e.