Lysosome-targeted dual-locked NIR fluorescent probe for visualization of HS and viscosity in drug-induced liver injury and tumor models.

Background: Lysosomes, as an indispensable subcellular organelle have numerous physiological functions closely associated with HS and viscosity, and accurate assessment of HS/viscosity fluctuations in lysosomes is essential for gaining a comprehensive understanding of lysosome-related physiological activities and pathological processes. The previous single-response fluorescent probes for either HS or viscosity alone have the potential to generate "false positive" signals in a complex biological environment. In contrast, dual-locked probes can simultaneously respond to multiple targets simultaneously, which could effectively eliminate this defect.

Modulation of the unfolded protein response by white spot syndrome virus via wsv406 targeting BiP to facilitate viral replication.

Outbreaks of diseases are often linked to environmental stress, which can lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR). The replication of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the most serious pathogen in shrimp aquaculture, has been shown to rely on the UPR signaling pathway, although the detailed mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that WSSV enhances its replication by hijacking the UPR pathway via the viral protein wsv406.

Steroidal saponins: Natural compounds with the potential to reverse tumor drug resistance (Review).

Steroidal saponins are a type of natural product that have been widely used in Chinese herbal medicine, with a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects. Cancer has become a growing global health problem, and drug therapy is currently the most important clinical antitumor treatment. However, drug resistance is a major obstacle to the effectiveness of chemotherapy, resulting in >90% of deaths of patients with cancer receiving conventional chemotherapy.

Febrile Temperature Acts through HSP70-Toll4 Signaling to Improve Shrimp Resistance to White Spot Syndrome Virus.

In aquatic ectotherms, temperature plays a pivotal role in biological processes and the prevalence of viral diseases; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigate the impact of elevated temperatures (32°C) on the immune response against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Our findings reveal that higher water temperatures, specifically 32°C, significantly inhibit WSSV replication and pathogenicity, thereby enhancing the survival rates of infected shrimp.

Exploration and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides from Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei by A Genomic and Transcriptomic Approach.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial in the humoral immunity aspect of invertebrates' innate immune systems. However, studies on AMP discovery in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using omics data have been limited. Addressing the growing concern of antibiotic resistance in aquaculture, this study focused on the identification and characterization of AMPs in L.

miR-340-3p-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit ferroptosis through METTL3-mediated mA modification of HMOX1 to promote recovery of injured rat uterus.

Background: Ferroptosis is associated with the pathological progression of hemorrhagic injury and ischemia-reperfusion injury. According to our previous study, exosomes formed through bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modified with miR-340-3p (MB-exos) can restore damaged endometrium. However, the involvement of ferroptosis in endometrial injury and the effect of MB-exos on ferroptosis remain elusive.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling unveils insights into ovarian fibrosis in obese mice.

Background: Adiposity profoundly impacts reproductive health in both humans and animals. However, the precise subpopulations contributing to infertility under obese conditions remain elusive.

Results: In this study, we established an obese mouse model through an eighteen-week high-fat diet regimen in adult female mice.

Research advances in Zein-based nano-delivery systems.

Zein is the main vegetable protein from maize. In recent years, Zein has been widely used in pharmaceutical, agriculture, food, environmental protection, and other fields because it has excellent biocompatibility and biosafety. However, there is still a lack of systematic review and research on Zein-based nano-delivery systems.

Calculation method of spherically expanding flame propagation radius to consider ignition electrode effects.

Ignition electrodes have an immense impact on the accurate measurement of the flame propagation spherical radius. In this study, a flame-radius calculation method is designed. The method is able to eliminate effects due to the ignition electrodes.

Identification of an Ortholog of MALT1 from Shrimp That Induces NF-κB-Mediated Antiviral Immunity.

MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) serves as a pivotal mediator for NF-κB activation in response to a wide spectrum of transmembrane receptor stimuli. In the present study, a homolog of MALT1, named LvMALT1, is cloned from the Pacific white shrimp () and its potential function in shrimp innate immunity is explored. The open reading frame of LvMALT1 is 2364 bp that encodes 787 amino acids.

N6-methyladenosine-modified oncofetal lncRNA MIR4435-2HG contributed to stemness features of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating rRNA 2'-O methylation.

Background: The unique expression pattern endows oncofetal genes with great value in cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, only a few oncofetal genes are available for clinical use and the underlying mechanisms that drives the fetal-like reprogramming of cancer cells remain largely unknown.

Methods: Microarray assays and bioinformatic analyses were employed to screen for potential oncofetal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

MicroRNA-144-3p protects against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells and activation of primordial follicles by targeting MAP3K9.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by amenorrhea, ovarian atrophy, hypoestrogenism, elevated gonadotropin level, and infertility under the age of 40. POF is frequently induced by chemotherapeutic agents. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding chemotherapy-mediated damage to ovarian function are unclear.

Identification of a Double-β-Defensin with Multiple Antimicrobial Activities in a Marine Invertebrate.

β-Defensins are a family of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that are generally monodomain. Interestingly, the avian β-defensin 11 (AvBD11) is unique, with two β-defensin motifs with a broad range of antimicrobial activities. However, a double-sized β-defensin has not been identified and functionally characterized in invertebrates.

A novel biflavone from induces apoptosis of human renal cancer 786-O cells.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, which is highly invasive, metastatic, and insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Chinese herbal medicine has always been an important source of anti-tumor drug development. Kunth is a traditional herb commonly used by the Miao nationality in southwest China.

Flame Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of WO Sensing Materials: Effects of Flame Parameters on Particle Size Distribution and NO Sensing Performance.

In this study, the flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) technique was employed to produce WO nanoparticles, which were subsequently used as sensing materials for NO sensors. To enhance the sensing performance, the effects of flame parameters on the particle properties and sensing performances for 150-1200 ppb NO at 125 °C were investigated. The results indicate that WO particles with an average crystal size of about 10-20 nm and a standard deviation of about 3-7.

An AhR-Caspase Axis Mediated Antiviral Apoptosis in an Arthropod.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates immune modulation following exposure of animals to many environmental xenobiotics. However, its role in innate immune responses during viral infection is not fully understood, especially in invertebrates. In this study, a cDNA encoding an AhR homolog was cloned from an arthropod Litopenaeus vannamei (LvAhR).

BigPEN, an antimicrobial peptide of penaeidin family from shrimp with membrane permeable and DNA binding activity.

Penaeidins are members of an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family that have broad anti-microbial activities only found in penaeid shrimps. The LvBigPEN, a member of penaeidins from shrimp , has showed antiviral activity against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in our previous report. However, whether LvBigPEN possesses potential anti-bacterial activities is still unknown.

Effect of Oxide Metallurgy on Inclusions in 125 ksi Grade OCTG Steel with Sulfide Stress Corrosion Resistance.

The effects of Al deoxidation and Zr deoxidation on the microstructure and properties of sulfide stress corrosion resistant high-strength steel have been investigated. The feasibility of the Zr deoxidation instead of Al deoxidation was confirmed by the thermodynamic analysis of the deoxidation of various elements. The experimental results indicate that the average diameters of the inclusions in Al-Steel and Zr-Steel were 2.

Gracillin Shows Potential Efficacy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Inhibiting the mTOR Pathway.

The leading cause of cancer deaths is lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancers, remains a difficult cancer to treat and cure. It is urgent to develop new products to treat NSCLS. Gracillin, extracted from , , and other medicinal plants, has anti-tumor potential with toxic effect on a variety of tumor cells such as NSCLC.

Identification and function of an Arasin-like peptide from Litopenaeus vannamei.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in the host defense system of shrimps. In this study, an Arasin-like peptide, named as LvArasin-like, was identified from the hemocytes of the pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. The complete open reading frame (ORF) of LvArasin-like was 213 bp, encoding 70 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 5.

Novel circRNA_0071196/miRNA‑19b‑3p/CIT axis is associated with proliferation and migration of bladder cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non‑coding RNAs that are connected at the 3' and 5' ends by an exon or intron. Studies increasingly show that circRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis by acting as a 'sponge' for microRNAs (miRNAs), which abrogates the latter's effect on their target mRNAs. To identify a possible circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network in bladder cancer (BCa), we analyzed the circRNA and mRNA expression profiles of BCa and adjacent normal bladder tissues.

Penaeidins restrict white spot syndrome virus infection by antagonizing the envelope proteins to block viral entry.

Emerging studies have indicated that some penaeidins restrict virus infection; however, the mechanism(s) involved are poorly understood. In the present study, we uncovered that penaeidins are a novel family of antiviral effectors against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which antagonize the envelope proteins to block viral entry. We found that the expression levels of four identified penaeidins from , including , , , and , were significantly induced in hemocytes during the early stage of WSSV infection.

The circular RNA PVT1/miR-203/HOXD3 pathway promotes the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes. In the present study, we explored the role of circRNA PVT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). qRT-PCR was performed to detect the relative expression of circPVT1 in HCC tissues and cell lines.