Reamed Intramedullary Nailing has an Adverse Effect on Bone Regeneration During the Distraction Phase in Tibial Lengthening.

Background: The lengthening over nail (LON) technique has gained popularity because it enables shorter periods of external fixation, prevents deformities during lengthening, and reduces the risk of refracture after removal of the frame compared with the classic Ilizarov method. However, it is not clear if the violation of endosteal blood supply by reamed intramedullary nailing in the LON technique has a negative effect on bone regeneration or a positive effect by compensatory enhancement of periosteal circulation.

Questions/purposes: The purposes of this study were to (1) compare the amount of regenerate bone during the distraction phase between two tibial lengthening techniques, the LON technique and lengthening and then nail (LATN) technique; and (2) compare callus shape at the end of the distraction phase using the classification of Li et al.

Social networks and physical activity behaviors among cancer survivors: data from the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey.

The study examined the relation between social networks and physical activity behaviors among cancer survivors. The authors examined 873 cancer survivors (596 women, 277 men) 50 years of age or older who participated in the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that survivors who talked about health with friends/family were more likely to pay attention to new physical activity recommendations (OR = 2.

Modified suture-bridge technique to prevent a marginal dog-ear deformity improves structural integrity after rotator cuff repair.

Background: The arthroscopic suture-bridge technique has proved to provide biomechanically firm fixation of the torn rotator cuff to the tuberosity by increasing the footprint contact area and pressure. However, a marginal dog-ear deformity is encountered not infrequently when this technique is used, impeding full restoration of the torn cuff.

Purpose: To evaluate the structural and functional outcomes of the use of a modified suture-bridge technique to prevent a marginal dog-ear deformity compared with a conventional suture-bridge method in rotator cuff repair.

Text messaging to motivate walking in older African Americans: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Older minority populations can benefit from increased physical activity, especially walking. Text messaging interventions have the potential to encourage positive changes in health behavior in these groups.

Purpose: To examine if a 6-week program of motivational text messaging increases physical activity (step count) among older African Americans in an urban setting.

Two quantitative real-time PCR assays for the detection of penaeid shrimp and blue crab, crustacean shellfish allergens.

Food allergen detection methods must be able to specifically detect minute quantities of an allergenic food in a complex food matrix. One technique that can be used is real-time PCR. For the work described here, real-time PCR assays were developed to detect penaeid shrimp and blue crab, crustacean shellfish allergens.

Vitamin D beliefs and associations with sunburns, sun exposure, and sun protection.

The main objective of this study was to examine certain beliefs about vitamin D and associations with sun exposure, sun protection behaviors, and sunburns. A total of 3,922 lifeguards, pool managers, and parents completed a survey in 2006 about beliefs regarding vitamin D and sun-related behaviors. Multivariate ordinal regression analyses and linear regression analysis were used to examine associations of beliefs and other variables.

Effect of guided relaxation and imagery on falls self-efficacy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To examine the effects of guided relaxation and imagery (GRI) on improvement in falls self-efficacy in older adults who report having a fear of falling.

Design: Randomized, controlled trial with allocation to GRI or guided relaxation with music of choice.

Setting: General community.

Spontaneous multicentric malignant schwannoma in a male Fischer 344 rat.

We describe here a multicentric spontaneous malignant schwannoma obtained from one male F344 rat, and this animal was the subject of a carcinogenicity study for which it was treated with diisodecyl phthalate. The animal of the control group not treated with diisodecyl phthalate showed dyspnea and severe lordosis. On the necropsy, two tan, firm, encapsulated masses were observed in the subcutis of the lumbosacral region and the left inguinal region of the abdominal cavity, respectively; the masses were 25 × 17 × 8 mm and 16 × 14 × 8 mm in size, respectively.

The effect of guided relaxation and exercise imagery on self-reported leisure-time exercise behaviors in older adults.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-wk intervention that used guided relaxation and exercise imagery (GREI) to increase self-reported leisure-time exercise behavior among older adults. A total of 93 community-dwelling healthy older adults (age 70.38 ± 8.

Associations between chronic community noise exposure and blood pressure at rest and during acute noise and non-noise stressors among urban school children in India.

The present study builds on prior research that has examined the association between children's chronic exposure to community noise and resting blood pressure and blood pressure dysregulation during exposure to acute stressors. A novel contribution of the study is that it examines how chronic noise exposure relates to blood pressure responses during exposure to both noise and non-noise acute stressors. The acute noise stressor was recorded street noise and the non-noise stressor was mental arithmetic.

Signal crosstalk between estrogen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on adiposity.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and estrogen are believed to be involved in metabolic changes leading to obesity. To test this relationship, we divided female wildtype and PPAR alpha-deficient mice fed on a high fat diet into the following groups: mock-operated, ovariectomized (OVX), and E(2)-treated. The visceral white adipose tissue and plasma cholesterol levels were increased significantly in wild type OVX and decreased in the E(2)-treated group, but interestingly not in PPAR alpha-deficient mice.

Gene expression profile by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the liver of wild-type (AhR+/+) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-deficient (AhR-/-) mice.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants that cause various biological effects on mammals. The purpose of our study was to identify the genes involved in hepatotoxicity and hepatocarcinogenesis caused by TCDD. C57BL/6 (AhR+/+, wild type) and B6.

Effects of fenofibrate on high-fat diet-induced body weight gain and adiposity in female C57BL/6J mice.

Our previous study suggested that fenofibrate affects obesity and lipid metabolism in a sexually dimorphic manner in part through the differential activation of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) in male and female C57BL/6J mice. To determine whether fenofibrate reduces body weight gain and adiposity in female sham-operated (Sham) and ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL/6J mice, the effects of fenofibrate on not only body weight, white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, and food intake, but also the expression of both leptin and PPARalpha target genes were measured. Compared to their respective low-fat diet-fed controls, both Sham and OVX mice exhibited increases in body weight and WAT mass when fed a high-fat diet.

Combined effect of electron-beam (beta) irradiation and organic acids on shelf life of pork loins during cold storage.

The combined effects of organic acids and irradiation on shelf life of pork loins were examined. Fresh pork loins were sprayed with organic acids (lactic, citric, and acetic) at 2%, packaged aerobically, and irradiated with an electron beam at 1, 2, and 3 kGy. During 14 days of storage, total plate count, coliform number, pH, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were measured.

Phenotype of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha(PPARalpha)deficient mice on mixed background fed high fat diet.

Considerable controversy exists in determining the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha PPARalpha) on obesity. Previous reports demonstrated that PPARalpha is a critical modulator of lipid homeostasis, but the overt, obese phenotypic characterization in the strain of PPAR deficient (PPARalpha-/-) mice is influenced by other factors, including diet and genetics. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the phenotypic characterization of PPARalpha-/- mice prior to the obesity-related study.

Naringenin derivatives as anti-atherogenic agents.

Two classes of naringenin derivatives were evaluated for anti-atherogenic activity. Naringenin 7-O-oleic ester (2) and naringenin 7-O-cetyl ether (3) inhibited the formation of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in high cholesterol-fed rabbits.

Identification of Staphylococcus xylosus isolated from C57BL/6J-Nos2(tm1Lau) mice with dermatitis.

Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) are significant pathogens, particularly in medical device related infections and in immunocompromised patients. Five CNS strains were isolated from 5 NOS2 knockout mice with dermatitis. Histologically, granulomatous dermatitis was found in the skin around the ear with epidermal ulceration.

Helicobacter muricola sp. nov., a novel Helicobacter species isolated from the ceca and feces of Korean wild mouse (Mus musculus molossinus).

A slowly growing microaerophilic Helicobacter strain was isolated from the ceca and fecal pellets of Korean wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus). This bacterial strain possessed a pair of nonsheathed bipolar flagella, was positive for urease, catalase and oxidase, and reduced nitrate to nitrite. It proved susceptible to nalidixic acid and resistant to cephalodine, and did not hydrolyze hippurate.