prediction of complex liquid-liquid-liquid equilibria in organic systems using a continuum solvation model.

Liquid-liquid-liquid equilibria (LLLE) is usually observed in many industrial processes primarily linked to enhanced oil recovery techniques. However their measurements are complex and so are their computations. An inherently predictive tool is often useful for elucidating their distribution ratios and phase compositions.

A neurobehavioral study on the efficacy of price interventions in promoting healthy food choices among low socioeconomic families.

Given the healthcare costs associated with obesity (especially in childhood), governments have tried several fiscal and policy interventions such as lowering tax and giving rebates to encourage parents to choose healthier food for their family. The efficacy of such fiscal policies is currently being debated. Here we address this issue by investigating how behavioral and brain-based responses in parents with low socioeconomic status change when rebates and lower taxes are offered on healthy food items.

Using Machine Learning to Train a Wearable Device for Measuring Students' Cognitive Load during Problem-Solving Activities Based on Electrodermal Activity, Body Temperature, and Heart Rate: Development of a Cognitive Load Tracker for Both Personal and Classroom Use.

Automated tracking of physical fitness has sparked a health revolution by allowing individuals to track their own physical activity and health in real time. This concept is beginning to be applied to tracking of cognitive load. It is well known that activity in the brain can be measured through changes in the body's physiology, but current real-time measures tend to be unimodal and invasive.

Traveling and standing waves mediate pattern formation in cellular protrusions.

The mechanisms regulating protrusions during amoeboid migration exhibit excitability. Theoretical studies have suggested the possible coexistence of traveling and standing waves in excitable systems. Here, we demonstrate the direct transformation of a traveling into a standing wave and establish conditions for the stability of this conversion.

Continuous Pain Assessment Using Ensemble Feature Selection from Wearable Sensor Data.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a red blood cell disorder complicated by lifelong issues with pain. Management of SCD related pain is particularly challenging due to its subjective nature. Hence, the development of an objective automatic pain assessment method is critical to pain management in SCD.

Role of variant p.Gly2019Ser in patients with Parkinsonism.

Background & Objectives: Parkinsonian disorder, including Parkinson's disease (PD), is an aetiologically complex neurodegenerative disorder. Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been implicated in an autosomal dominant form of PD with variable penetrance. The identification of a common LRRK2 variant (p.

Molecular Dynamics Insights and Water Stability of Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents Aided Extraction of Nitenpyram from an Aqueous Environment.

In recent times, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have received attention as an extractive media for separations. In this work, the water stability of eight menthol-based DESs and two tetrabutylammonium chloride (NCl) based DESs with organic acid-based hydrogen bond donors (HBD) at a temperature of 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure were studied.

Active velocity processes with suprathermal stationary distributions and long-time tails.

When a particle moves through a spatially random force field, its momentum may change at a rate which grows with its speed. Suppose moreover that a thermal bath provides friction which gets weaker for large speeds, enabling high-energy localization. The result is a unifying framework for the emergence of heavy tails in the velocity distribution, relevant for understanding the power-law decay in the electron velocity distribution of space plasma or more generally for explaining non-Maxwellian behavior of driven gases.

U.S. county level analysis to determine If social distancing slowed the spread of COVID-19.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of social distancing in the United States (U.S.).

Oscillating synchronization in delayed oscillators with time-varying time delay coupling: Experimental observation.

The time-varying time-delayed (TVTD) systems attract the attention of research communities due to their rich complex dynamics and wide application potentiality. Particularly, coupled TVTD systems show several intriguing behaviors that cannot be observed in systems with a constant delay or no delay. In this context, a new synchronization scenario, namely, oscillating synchronization, was reported by Senthilkumar and Lakshmanan [Chaos 17, 013112 (2007)], which is exclusive to the time-varying time delay systems only.

Current fluctuations in noninteracting run-and-tumble particles in one dimension.

We present a general framework to study the distribution of the flux through the origin up to time t, in a noninteracting one-dimensional system of particles with a step initial condition with a fixed density ρ of particles to the left of the origin. We focus principally on two cases: (i) particles undergoing diffusive dynamics (passive case) and (ii) run-and-tumble dynamics for each particle (active case). In analogy with disordered systems, we consider the flux distribution for both the annealed and the quenched initial conditions, for passive and active particles.

Ionothermal Synthesis of Imide-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an extensively studied class of porous materials, which distinguish themselves from other porous polymers in their crystallinity and high degree of modularity, enabling a wide range of applications. COFs are most commonly synthesized solvothermally, which is often a time-consuming process and restricted to well-soluble precursor molecules. Synthesis of polyimide-linked COFs (PI-COFs) is further complicated by the poor reversibility of the ring-closing reaction under solvothermal conditions.

Rational Design of Covalent Cobaloxime-Covalent Organic Framework Hybrids for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) display a unique combination of chemical tunability, structural diversity, high porosity, nanoscale regularity, and thermal stability. Recent efforts are directed at using such frameworks as tunable scaffolds for chemical reactions. In particular, COFs have emerged as viable platforms for mimicking natural photosynthesis.

Source apportionment and health risk assessment of airborne particulates over central Indo-Gangetic Plain.

Sources of airborne particulates (PM) were investigated in two contrasting sites over central Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), one representing a rural background (Mirzapur) and another as an urban pollution hotspot (Varanasi). Very high PM concentration was noted both in Varanasi (178 ± 105 μgm; N:435) and Mirzapur (131 ± 56 μgm; N:169) with 72% and 62% of monitoring days exceeded the national air quality standard, respectively. Particulate-bound elements contribute significant proportion of PM mass (15%-18%), with highest contribution from Ca (7%-10%) and Fe (2%-3%).

COVID-19 in India: Are Biological and Environmental Factors Helping to Stem the Incidence and Severity?

The ongoing Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic has witnessed global political responses of unimaginable proportions. Many nations have implemented lockdowns that involve mandating citizens not to leave their residences for non-essential work. The Indian government has taken appropriate and commendable steps to curtail the community spread of COVID-19.

Chemically crosslinked xylan-β-Cyclodextrin hydrogel for the in vitro delivery of curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil.

Novel hydrogels were synthesized from xylan and β-Cyclodextrin using Ethylene Glycol Diglycidyl Ether as a crosslinker in alkaline medium at different molar ratio. The physical characterization of hydrogels was carried out by the swelling study whereas the chemical characterization was performed in Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The morphological analysis revealed the porous structure of hydrogel and the rheological study summarised the flow behavior and gelation characteristics of the hydrogels.

Comparison of gait speeds from wearable camera and accelerometer in structured and semi-structured environments.

A feasibility study was conducted to investigate the use of a wearable gait analysis system for classifying gait speed using a low-cost wearable camera in a semi-structured indoor setting. Data were collected from 19 participants who wore the system during indoor walk sequences at varying self-determined speeds (slow, medium, and fast). Gait parameters using this system were compared with parameters obtained from a vest comprising of a single triaxial accelerometer and from a marker-based optical motion-capture system.

Pseudo-branched polyester copolymer: an efficient drug delivery system to treat cancer.

In this study, a new hyperbranched polyester copolymer was designed using a proprietary monomer and diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol as monomers. The synthesis was carried out using standard melt polymerization technique and catalyzed by p-tolulenesulfonic acid. The progress of the reaction was monitored with respect to time and negative pressure, with samples being subjected to standard characterization protocols.

Cross-subject decoding of eye movement goals from local field potentials.

Objective: We consider the cross-subject decoding problem from local field potential (LFP) signals, where training data collected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of a source subject is used to decode intended motor actions in a destination subject.

Approach: We propose a novel supervised transfer learning technique, referred to as data centering, which is used to adapt the feature space of the source to the feature space of the destination. The key ingredients of data centering are the transfer functions used to model the deterministic component of the relationship between the source and destination feature spaces.

Dissection of Larval and Pupal Wings of Butterflies.

The colorful wings of butterflies are emerging as model systems for evolutionary and developmental studies. Some of these studies focus on localizing gene transcripts and proteins in wings at the larval and pupal stages using techniques such as immunostaining and in situ hybridization. Other studies quantify mRNA expression levels or identify regions of open chromatin that are bound by proteins at different stages of wing development.