Discrepancies between office and ambulatory blood pressure: clinical implications.

Background: Recent trials have documented no benefit from small reductions in blood pressure measured in the clinical office. However, ambulatory blood pressure is a better predictor of cardiovascular events than office-based blood pressure. We assessed control of ambulatory blood pressure in treated hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk.

Length of residence and obesity among immigrants in Spain.

Objective: Various studies in the USA and Canada have consistently shown a positive association between length of residence of immigrants and obesity. Studies in European countries have obtained less consistent results. The present work assesses the influence of length of residence on the frequency of obesity in immigrants in the city of Madrid, Spain.

Change in health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality in the older adults.

Purpose: We examined whether changes in health-related quality of life (HRQL) predict subsequent mortality among the Spanish elderly.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of 2,373 persons, representative of the Spanish population aged 60 and older. HRQL was measured in 2001 and 2003 using the SF-36 health questionnaire.

Self-reported adherence to nonpharmacological treatment and association with mortality over 6 years: population-based study in older persons with hypercholesterolemia.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of self-reported adherence of older persons with hypercholesterolemia to nonpharmacological treatment prescribed by a physician and to describe its association with mortality.

Design: Population-based prospective study.

Setting: Home interview and physical examination at baseline.

[Differences between office and ambulatory control of hypertension in very elderly patients. The CARDIORISC - MAPAPRES project].

Background And Objective: Hypertension is highly prevalent in the very elderly. We studied control rates of hypertension according to clinic blood pressure (BP) and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in treated hypertensives aged > or =80 years.

Patients And Method: Data came from the Spanish Society of Hypertension ABPM Registry (CARDIORISC - MAPAPRES project), which comprises a nation-wide network of more than 1,000 physicians sending standardized ABPM registries via web.

Prevalence and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study in a low cardiovascular disease risk geographical area.

Objective: Prevalence of cardiovascular disease is high in schizophrenia. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) among schizophrenia patients.

Method: National cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia under treatment with second generation antipsychotics and admitted to short-stay hospitalisation units.

Sleep duration and health-related quality of life among older adults: a population-based cohort in Spain.

Study Objectives: The few studies that have addressed the association between sleep duration and health-related quality of life (HRQL) were cross-sectional and small-sized, targeted young and middle-aged persons, and did not adjust for the main confounders. This study sought to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between habitual sleep duration and HRQL in older adults.

Design: Prospective study conducted from 2001 through 2003.

Usual sleep duration and cognitive function in older adults in Spain.

The few studies that have examined the association between usual sleep duration and cognitive function have shown conflicting results. This cross-sectional study examined the association between sleep duration and cognitive function among 3212 people, representative of the non-institutionalized population aged 60 years and over in Spain. Sleep duration was self-reported, and cognitive function was measured with the Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo (MEC), a version of the Mini-Mental State Examination that has been validated in Spain.

[Impact of infection on mortality in burn patients. Multivariate study in 1,773 intensive care unit patients].

Introduction: Infections may play an important role in mortality in burn patients, but this impact is not manifested in multivariate analyses that calculate the probability of death on admission.

Patients And Methods: In a cohort of 1,773 ICU patients, logistic regression analysis was used to determine the prognostic factors for death. Subsequently, the cohort was divided into 2 groups according to length of ICU stay: 1-10 days or more than 10 days.

Self-reported sleep duration and hypertension in older Spanish adults.

Objectives: To examine the association between self-reported sleep duration, prevalent and incident hypertension, and control of high blood pressure in older adults.

Design: Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations of interest in a prospective cohort study conducted from 2001 to 2003.

Setting: Cohort representative of the noninstitutionalized Spanish population.

BMI, waist circumference, and mortality according to health status in the older adult population of Spain.

Among the explanations proposed for the weak and inconsistent association between BMI and mortality in the elderly are the lack of adjustment for waist circumference (WC) and that the association varies with health status. This work examines the independent association of BMI and WC with mortality in older adults, and the influence of health status on this association. A cohort of 3,536 persons representative of the Spanish population aged >or=60 years was selected in 2000 and 2001, and followed prospectively until 2007.

Effects of toxic oil syndrome on the psychological conditions of the descendants of affected persons.

Objective: In May 1981, the Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS) affected over 20,000 people, in Spain, as a result of the ingestion of rapeseed oil that had been denatured with 2% aniline. Amongst many physical and organic problems, many patients in this cohort showed different degrees of anxiety and depression. It can be hypothesized that their children might well be susceptible to suffer from anxiety, depression and other psychological disturbances.

Prevalence and factors associated with circadian blood pressure patterns in hypertensive patients.

Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring has become useful in the diagnosis and management of hypertensive individuals. In addition to 24-hour values, the circadian variation of BP adds prognostic significance in predicting cardiovascular outcome. However, the magnitude of circadian BP patterns in large studies has hardly been noticed.

Gender differences in office and ambulatory control of hypertension.

Background: Gender differences in hypertension control have not been explored fully.

Methods: We studied 15,212 white men and 13,936 white women with treated hypertension who were drawn from the Spanish Ambulatory Blood Pressure Registry. For each participant, we obtained office blood pressure (BP) (average of 2 readings) and 24-hour ambulatory BP (average of measurements performed every 20 minutes during day and night).

[Primary care physicians behaviour on hypertensive patients with poor blood pressure control. The PRESCAP 2006 study].

Introduction: There is little information available on Therapeutic Inertia in Primary Care (PC). This study aimed to know the therapeutic behavior of the physician for uncontrolled hypertensive patients.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional, multicenter study that included hypertensive patients of both genders, under pharmacological treatment who were recruited consecutively in the PC out-patient clinic in all of Spain.

Prevalence, geographic distribution and geographic variability of major cardiovascular risk factors in Spain. Pooled analysis of data from population-based epidemiological studies: the ERICE Study.

Introduction And Objectives: To determine the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population. To investigate whether geographic variability exists.

Methods: Data were pooled from eight cross-sectional epidemiologic studies carried out in Spain between 1992 and 2001 whose methodological quality satisfied predefined criteria.

Occupation-related differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Spanish working population and determine how the prevalence varies according to occupation and sex.

Research Design And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 259,014 workers (mean age 36.4 years, range [16-74]; 72.

Metabolic syndrome: prevalence, associated factors, and C-reactive protein: the MADRIC (MADrid RIesgo Cardiovascular) Study.

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined by the clustering of a number of cardiovascular risk factors. The aims of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of MS in Madrid (Spain) by 2 definitions and to investigate its relationship with several sociodemographic factors and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. This was a cross-sectional population study, and participants were 1344 subjects aged 31 to 70 years.

[Self-care behavior and patients' knowledge about self-care predict rehospitalization among older adults with heart failure].

Introduction: This study examined the association of self-care behavior and patients' knowledge about self-care with rehospitalization among older adults with heart failure (HF).

Methods: Case-control comparison (116 cases and 209 controls) nested in a prospective cohort of patients aged 65 years and older admitted for HF at 4 Spanish hospitals. Cases were patients experiencing a first emergency rehospitalization in the 6 months following the index hospital admission.