Two new parameters for the ordinal analysis of images.

Local patterns play an important role in statistical physics as well as in image processing. Two-dimensional ordinal patterns were studied by Ribeiro et al. who determined permutation entropy and complexity in order to classify paintings and images of liquid crystals.

Case report: Clinical and pathological findings in a canine patient with intervertebral disk extrusion resembling progressive myelomalacia.

A 4-year-old female spayed dog presented to the emergency department for non-ambulatory tetraparesis, which progressed to tetraplegia. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed cervical intervertebral disk extrusion at C5-6 extending to C6-7, and an emergency ventral slot was performed. After the procedure, the patient was placed on mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure.

Statistics and contrasts of order patterns in univariate time series.

Order patterns apply well to many fields, because of minimal stationarity assumptions. Here, we fix the methodology of patterns of length 3 by introducing an orthogonal system of four pattern contrasts, that is, weighted differences of pattern frequencies. These contrasts are statistically independent and turn up as eigenvectors of a covariance matrix both in the independence model and the random walk model.

Inadvertent placement of an esophagostomy tube into the mediastinum of a cat.

An 8-year-old neutered male Siberian forest cat was presented for respiratory distress. Endoscopy, exploratory surgery of the neck, and sternotomy confirmed initial placement of the esophagostomy tube (e-tube) into the mediastinum. The patient recovered from surgery, developed laryngeal paralysis, and then arrested and died within 48 h after surgery.

Septic pericardial disease and mediastinal abscessation in a cat with an intrathoracic needle foreign body.

Objective: To describe the successful management of a cat with an intrathoracic sewing needle foreign body and septic pericardial effusion.

Case Summary: A 10-year-old neutered female domestic longhair cat was referred for an intrathoracic metallic foreign body identified via thoracic radiography. Two weeks prior, the cat may have ingested a sewing needle.

Entropy Ratio and Entropy Concentration Coefficient, with Application to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In order to study the spread of an epidemic over a region as a function of time, we introduce an entropy ratio describing the uniformity of infections over various states and their districts, and an entropy concentration coefficient C=1-U. The latter is a multiplicative version of the Kullback-Leibler distance, with values between 0 and 1. For product measures and self-similar phenomena, it does not depend on the measurement level.

Treatment of ibuprofen intoxication with charcoal haemoperfusion in two dogs.

Two dogs presented separately to the Small Animal Hospital, University of Florida (Gainsville, FL, USA) for ingestion of ibuprofen. The first dog ingested 561.8 mg/kg ibuprofen in addition to paracetamol and caffeine and vomited prior to admission.

Intravenous lipid emulsion to treat suspected cocaine toxicosis in a dog.

A 6-month-old puppy was treated for suspected cocaine toxicosis. Supportive care was initiated but clinical signs worsened and treatment with intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) was instituted. Clinical signs rapidly resolved in response to treatment with ILE.

PLASMA COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE IN CHRONICALLY DEBILITATED LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES ().

Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) is an important component of the forces that manage capillary filtration and is determined by circulating plasma proteins. Patients affected by conditions resulting in hypoproteinemia often suffer severe hemodynamic derangements, including decreased COP. Because chronically debilitated sea turtles (CDT) present with severe hypoproteinemia, the objectives of this study were to 1) determine differences in plasma COP and blood analyte data (packed cell volume [PCV], sodium, chloride, plasma protein fractions) in CDT at admission compared with data from apparently healthy rehabilitated turtles at time of release (HRT) admitted from various stranding causes, and 2) to investigate correlations of COP with these selected blood analytes.

Small Order Patterns in Big Time Series: A Practical Guide.

The study of order patterns of three equally-spaced values x t , x t + d , x t + 2 d in a time series is a powerful tool. The lag is changed in a wide range so that the differences of the frequencies of order patterns become autocorrelation functions. Similar to a spectrogram in speech analysis, four ordinal autocorrelation functions are used to visualize big data series, as for instance heart and brain activity over many hours.

Oncotic pressure and the effects of water deprivation in healthy captive Asian elephants.

We evaluated the oncotic pressure (plasma colloid osmotic pressure, π) in a group of healthy, captive Asian elephants ( = 21) with a colloid osmometer with a membrane cutoff of >20,000 daltons. The median π for these elephants was 26.3 mm Hg with an interquartile interval of 25.

Primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis in a domestic shorthaired cat.

A 15-y-old neutered male domestic shorthaired cat was presented with a 16-d history of hindlimb paralysis in conjunction with 1-wk duration of inappetence and lethargy. Given intractable clinical signs, development of seizures, and poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Gross examination revealed mild, chronic, multifocal intervertebral disk disease; however, no gross abnormalities were noted in the spinal cord.

Elementary fractal geometry. New relatives of the Sierpiński gasket.

By slight modification of the data of the Sierpiński gasket, keeping the open set condition fulfilled, we obtain self-similar sets with very dense parts, similar to fractals in nature and in random models. This is caused by a complicated structure of the open set and is revealed only under magnification. Thus, the family of self-similar sets with separation condition is much richer and has higher modelling potential than usually expected.

Treatment of acute kidney injury secondary to oak intoxication with hemodialysis in a miniature zebu.

Objective: To describe the successful management of acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to oak intoxication using hemodialysis in a miniature zebu.

Case Summary: A 1-year-old male intact miniature zebu was presented for evaluation of a 2-day history of lethargy, anorexia, decreased urine production, and dry, firm stool. Initial diagnostics revealed severe azotemia and the bull was presumptively diagnosed with AKI secondary to oak intoxication due to free access to oak trees in the pasture.

Use of charcoal hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in the treatment of methotrexate toxicosis in a dog.

Objective: To describe the successful use of charcoal hemoperfusion (HP) and hemodialysis (HD) in a dog in the treatment of methotrexate (MTX) toxicosis.

Case Summary: An American Pit Bull Terrier accidentally ingested 56.8 mg/m of MTX.

Validation of an analytical method for the quantitative determination of selenium in bacterial biomass by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.

The present paper describes the validation of a spectrophotometry method involving molecular absorption in the visible ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) region for selenium (Se) determination in the bacterial biomass produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The method was found to be suitable for the target application and presented a linearity range from 0.025 to 0.

Kidney injury in a dog following bee sting-associated anaphylaxis.

This report describes a case of honeybee envenomation in a dog that developed anaphylaxis after being stung by approximately 10 bees. The dog subsequently developed acute kidney injury. The dog had a previous mild increase in blood urea nitrogen with normal creatinine, possibly indicating an insidious chronic renal degenerative process that went into acute decompensation at the time of bee envenomation.

Clearance of plasma ivermectin with single pass lipid dialysis in 2 dogs.

Objective: To describe the use of single pass lipid dialysis (SPLD) for treatment of ivermectin toxicosis in 2 Australian Shepherd dogs with the ABCB1-1Δ gene mutation.

Case Series Summary: Two Australian Shepherd dogs were presented for treatment of ivermectin toxicosis. Dogs were initially treated with intravenous lipid emulsion and supportive care, without improvement of clinical signs.

Quality Improvement Initiative for Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Reduces 90-Day Mortality: A 7.5-Year Observational Study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of a quality improvement initiative for severe sepsis and septic shock focused on the resuscitation bundle on 90-day mortality. Furthermore, effects on compliance rates for antiinfective therapy within the recommended 1-hour interval are evaluated.

Design: Prospective observational before-after cohort study.

Assessment of hemostatic changes in a model of acute hemorrhage in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate hemostatic changes following experimental acute hemorrhage in dogs using traditional coagulation tests (eg, platelet count, prothrombin time [PT], and activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT]), kaolin-activated thromboelastography (TEG), and whole blood multiple electrode impedance platelet aggregometry.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Research laboratory.

Establishment of reference values for various coagulation tests in healthy Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) and evaluation of coagulation in debilitated manatees during rehabilitation.

Objective: To establish reference ranges for coagulation parameters in healthy Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) and compare results with those for debilitated manatees undergoing treatment at a rehabilitation facility.

Design: Prospective study.

Animals: 29 healthy manatees and 45 debilitated manatees with various diseases.

Severe Pit Viper Envenomation with Extended Clinical Signs and Treatment Complications in a Dog.

This manuscript describes the extended clinical abnormalities that can occur in severe snake envenomation and the clinical signs associated with antivenom hypersensitivity in a 3 yr old dog. Treatment consisted of IV fluid therapy, analgesics, a vasopressor, cardiac antiarrhythmia drugs, and polyvalent pit viper antivenom. Following initial response to treatment, relapse of clinical signs occurred.