Clinical symptoms and faecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Implication for transmission.

SARS-CoV-2 shedding in human stool has been suggested as a probable route for faeco-oral transmission of the virus due to the availing evidence on the infectivity and pathogenicity of similar highly infectious respiratory viruses. Determining association of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in stools and presenting clinical status might be useful for prediction of the viral transmission spectrum and disease outcome. This study involved a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 91 consenting hospitalized, confirmed COVID-19 patients in Infectious Disease Isolation Centre, Oyo State, Nigeria.

An assessment of drug and substance abuse prevalence: a cross-sectional study among undergraduates in selected southwestern universities in Nigeria.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence and awareness of drug and substance abuse among undergraduates in four southwestern universities in Nigeria.

Methods: The sample of 400 students included 100 male and female students in the 15- to 29-year age range from each of the four selected universities in southwest Nigeria between December 2019 and June 2020. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were used for data analysis using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).

Tourism-induced emission in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Panel Study for Oil-Producing and Non-oil-Producing countries.

The tourism industry is undoubtedly among the largest contributors to economic growth and employment generation in most economies of the world, and Africa is not an exception as outlined by World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Thus, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are paying more attention to tourism development as alternative growth path to boost their economies. However, the tourism-induced growth is not void of its environmental issues.

Tourism-induced pollution emission amidst energy mix: evidence from Nigeria.

In recent years, there is concerted efforts to boost the tourism industry in Nigeria, and regulatory bodies were created for the tourism industry. This study is contributing to the ongoing debate on the tourism-energy-environment literature. Thus, we explore the linkage between tourism development, energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO) emission, and renewable energy consumption in Nigeria for the period of 1995-2016.

Psychosocial predictors of emotional labour among employees of merged and acquired banks in Ibadan, South-West, Nigeria.

Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are common among financial institutions. This process often exerts immense pressure on employees of these institutions. Hence, this study touches on the significant but neglected human angle aspect of M&A.

Thirteen-year social outcome among Nigerian outpatients with schizophrenia.

It has been suggested that the short-term clinical outcome of schizophrenia may be better in developing than in industrialised countries. Little is known of the social outcome of the disorder in the medium term in developing societies. In a study of 120 clinically stable outpatients in a clinic in Nigeria, we examined the social, occupational and residential outcomes of schizophrenia after 13 years.

Gender and schizophrenia: association of age at onset with antecedent, clinical and outcome features.

Objective: There is evidence that gender and age at onset may have a bearing on schizophrenia. The extent to which this differential age at onset influences the clinical features of schizophrenia and its outcome in males and females is not clear.

Method: One hundred and twenty outpatients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia were studied to determine the association of antecedent, historical, clinical and 13-year outcome features with age at onset in females (n = 64) and in males (n = 56).

A fatal case of paraquat poisoning in a Nigerian.

A fatal case of paraquat poisoning in an adolescent girl is reported. Death resulted from respiratory failure because of extensive interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis.

Premorbid functioning in schizophrenia: a controlled study of Nigerian patients.

We compared the premorbid social adjustment of 38 schizophrenic patients with that of 20 manic patients. Even though the small sample size affected the number of significant differences obtained, schizophrenic patients consistently showed evidence of poorer premorbid functioning than manics at various stages of social development. Schizophrenic men also tended to have functioned more poorly than women.

Heritability of schizophrenia. A controlled family history investigation in Nigeria.

Thirty-six consecutively admitted patients with schizophrenia and 20 with mania were studied for the morbid risk of psychosis in their first-degree relatives. Using the family history method of ascertainment, the morbid risk for schizophrenia in the relatives of schizophrenic probands was 4.12% compared with 1.

Early brain trauma and schizophrenia in Nigerian patients.

Objective: A number of reports have suggested that early brain trauma, especially obstetric complications, may be associated with schizophrenia. This observation seems at variance with the similar rates of schizophrenia reported for advanced and developing countries when viewed against the high rate of perinatal morbidity in developing countries. Using patients with mania as comparison subjects, the authors investigated the association of early brain trauma with schizophrenia in adult life among Nigerian patients.