A Rare Cause of Epistaxis: Nasopharyngeal Leech Infestation.

Leeches are rare cause of foreign body in airways. A 23-year-old male, experiencing epistaxis and difficulty in swallowing is presented. During nasopharyngoscopy, a moving leech was observed on the nasopharynx posterior wall in midline location, and removal of the leech was decided under general anaesthesia.

Transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block for Management of Postdural Puncture Headache in Non-Obstetric Patients.

Background: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) for treatment of postural puncture headache (PDPH) in non-obstetric patients.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Ankara Research and Educational Hospital, in Turkey, and included 26 non-obstetric patients (age, ≥18 years) who were diagnosed with PDPH and unresponsive to conservative therapy or unable to continue it because of side effects. Transnasal SPGB was performed in each nostril.

Evaluation of the effects of intraarticular glucocorticoid injections on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus and nondiabetes mellitus patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intraarticular glucocorticoid injections on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-DM patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and investigate the risk factors for hyperglycemia.

Methods: The study included 40 DM and 38 non-DM patients. The DM status, HbA1c levels, baseline fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and post-injection 1-, 7-, 15-, and 21-day FBG levels were evaluated retrospectively.

Effect of sevoflurane anaesthesia on nasal mask in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: is it a preferred alternative?

Background/aim: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) often requires deep sedation. Propofol provides adequate sedation and amnesia at subhypnotic doses, but safe guarding the patient’s airway is important for preventing respiratory depression or hypoxic events. This study compared sedation levels, operator satisfaction, intraoperative and recovery characteristics using sevoflurane with nasal mask and propofol in ERCP.

Results of genicular nerve ablation by radiofrequency in osteoarthritis-related chronic refractory knee pain.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the medium- to long-term effects of radiofrequency (RF) ablation of genicular nerves for chronic refractory knee pain due to osteoarthritis (OA).

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight patients who underwent RF ablation of the genicular nerves were evaluated retrospectively. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC index), opioid and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use score, quality of life score, and treatment satisfaction score were examined at 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure.

Comparison of Four Different Supraglottic Airway Devices in Terms of Efficacy, Intra-ocular Pressure and Haemodynamic Parameters in Children Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare insertion parameters of four different types of supraglottic airway devices (SGAD) (Classic LMA, I-gel LMA, Proseal LMA, Cobra PLA) in children undergoing ophthalmic surgery and to determine the effect on intra-ocular pressure (IOP) and haemodynamic responses during insertion.

Methods: Sixty American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II children aged 1-10 years undergoing extra-ocular ophthalmic surgery were randomly divided into four groups (Group LMA, Group I-gel LMA, Group PLMA and Group CPLA) in this prospective, randomised study. Anaesthesia was induced with decreasing sevoflurane concentrations (8%-2%) in a mixture of 50% N2O-O2.

Cytokines, adipocytokines and inflammatory markers in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.

Background: Cytokines are essential mediators of immune response. Chronic renal failure patients suffer from chronic inflammation that results from factors such as impaired renal function, accumulation of uremic toxins and bio incompatibility of dialyzer membranes. These patients are also at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Protective effects of quercetin against arsenic-induced testicular damage in rats.

This study investigated the effect of quercetin on changes in testes due to arsenic exposure. Twenty-seven male rats were divided into three groups: control (10 ml kg  day saline), arsenic (10 mg kg  day sodium arsenite) and arsenic + quercetin (arsenic + 50 mg kg  day quercetin). The rats were sacrificed at the end of 15-day experiment.

Glass ionomer application for vocal fold augmentation: Histopathological analysis on rabbit vocal fold.

Objectives/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of glass ionomer cement (GIC) as an injection material for vocal fold augmentation and to evaluate the biocompatibility of the material.

Study Design: Ten adult New Zealand rabbits were used.

Methods: Under general anesthesia, 0.

[The effect of esmolol on corrected-QT interval, corrected-QT interval dispersion changes seen during anesthesia induction in hypertensive patients taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor].

Background And Objectives: The importance of minimizing the exaggerated sympatho-adrenergic responses and QT interval and QT interval dispersion changes that may develop due to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation during anesthesia induction in the hypertensive patients is clear. Esmolol decreases the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. However, the effect of esmolol in decreasing the prolonged QT interval and QT interval dispersion as induced by laryngoscopy and intubation is controversial.

[Effects of ketamine and midazolam on emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children receiving caudal block: a randomized trial].

Background And Objectives: Emergence agitation is a common postanaesthetic problem in children after sevoflurane anaesthesia. We aimed to compare the effects of ketamine and midazolam administered intravenously, before the end of surgery, for prevention of emergence agitation in children who received caudal block for pain relief under sevoflurane anaesthesia.

Methods: 62 American Society of Anesthesiologists patient classification status I children, aged 2-7 years, scheduled for inguinal hernia repair, circumcision or orchidopexy were enrolled to the study.

Comparison of reversal and adverse effects of sugammadex and combination of - Anticholinergic-Anticholinesterase agents in pediatric patients.

Background: We aimed to compare clinical effects of sugammadex versus combination of anticholinergic-anticholinesterase agents for reversing of nondepolarizing neuromuscular block in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 pediatric patients whom should be performed general anesthesia in the supine position were enrolled to this randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Fentanyl 1 μg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg, rocuronium 0.

Comparison of analgesic efficacy of intravenous Paracetamol and intravenous dexketoprofen trometamol in multimodal analgesia after hysterectomy.

Background: [corrected] We aimed to evaluate analgesic efficacy, opioid-sparing, and opioid-related adverse effects of intravenous paracetamol and intravenous dexketoprofen trometamol in combination with iv morphine after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Materials And Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical Status Classification I-II patients scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy were enrolled to this double-blinded, randomized, placebo controlled, and prospective study. Patients were divided into three groups as paracetamol, dexketoprofen trometamol, and placebo (0.

The efficacy of intravenous paracetamol versus tramadol for postoperative analgesia after adenotonsillectomy in children.

Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and the quality of recovery with intravenous (IV) paracetamol versus tramadol for postoperative analgesia after adenotonsillectomy in children.

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial.

Setting: Operating room and Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU) of a university-affiliated hospital.

Cardiac arrest after intracisternal papaverine instillation during intracranial aneurysm surgery. Case report.

Cerebral vasospasm induced by aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is still a leading cause of morbidity and death. This 50-year-old man underwent surgery for aneurysm clipping. After the aneurysm was clipped, papaverine was instilled into the surgical area.

Bilateral extraoral, infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain relief after cleft lip repair in pediatric patients: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bilateral extraoral infraorbital nerve block with 0.25% bupivacaine administered at the end of surgery in postoperative pain relief after cleft lip repair. Forty ASA I-II children were randomly divided into 2 groups.

Effect of lornoxicam on postoperative analgesia after myomectomy.

Background: In this prospective, randomized study, we evaluate the postoperative analgesic effect of lornoxicam after myomectomy operations.

Material-method: Forty ASA I-II patients scheduled for myomectomy operation were enrolled to this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and epidural block was performed with 0,75 % ropivacaine.

The effect of opioid administration by different routes on the psychological functions of elderly patients.

Psychological status of patients during epidural and intravenous (i.v.) morphine administration are not known enough.

The protective effects of intravenous anesthetics and verapamil in gut ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury.

Background: We investigated the protective effects of IV anesthetics and verapamil in gut ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury.

Methods: Forty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 rats each. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol in Groups 1 and 3 and with thiopental in Groups 2 and 4 during the experiment.

Efficacy of lornoxicam in postoperative analgesia after total knee replacement surgery.

In total knee replacement operation, patients have a severe pain in the postoperative period. Because of side effects of opioids, multiple postoperative pain treatment regimens are more suitable in these elderly patients. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study, the effect of lornoxicam administration (32 mg/48 hour) on morphine consumption and drug-related side effects were investigated in elderly patients undergoing total knee replacement.

The effect of 3-in-1 femoral nerve block with ropivacaine 0.375% on postoperative morphine consumption in elderly patients after total knee replacement surgery.

Total knee replacement (TKR) is one of the most painful orthopedic surgical procedures. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of a single-shot preoperative 3-in-1 femoral nerve block on postoperative pain by using 0.375% ropivacaine, and on the consumption of morphine by using PCA following the TKR surgery.

The effects of propofol and ketamine on gut mucosal epithelial apoptosis in rats after burn injury.

Background And Objectives: Apoptosis occurs after thermal injury and may result from either ischaemic intestinal insult or inflammatory mediators released after burn injury. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of propofol and ketamine on gut epithelium apoptosis after burn injury.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups.

The effects of ketamine and propofol on bacterial translocation in rats after burn injury.

Background: Bacterial translocation (BT) occurs after thermal injury and may result from an ischemic intestinal insult. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of ketamine and propofol as anesthetic agents on BT in an animal model of burn injury.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 rats each.

The effects of etomidate, thiopental, and propofol in induction on hypoperfusion-reperfusion phenomenon during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: A hypoperfusion-reperfusion human model is observed during and soon after laparoscopic surgery. The aim of the study was to research the preventive effects of etomidate, thiopental, and propofol in induction on hypoperfusion- reperfusion phenomenon during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: Thirty-six consecutive ASA I-II patients were randomized into three groups of 12 patients each.

[Is epidural preemptive analgesia effective in lower abdominal surgery?].

In this study, we aimed to investigate the preemptive analgesic efficacy of epidural application of fentanly-bupivacaine combination. A total of 60 patients admitted for total abdominal hysterectomy were included in this study after the approval of the ethic committee, and the patients were randomly classified into three groups. An epidural catheter was inserted to all patients through L2-3 or L3-4 space before general anesthesia induction.