Clinical Characteristics of Virologically Confirmed Respiratory Syncytial Virus in English Primary Care: Protocol for an Observational Study of Acute Respiratory Infection.

Background: There are gaps in our understanding of the clinical characteristics and disease burden of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among community-dwelling adults. This is in part due to a lack of routine testing at the point of care. More data would enhance our assessment of the need for an RSV vaccination program for adults in the United Kingdom.

Case report: Placental chorioadenoma in a primiparous pug dog.

A single 1.7 cm × 1.2 cm × 1 cm focal, raised, smooth, round, pink to flesh-colored mass protruding from the chorioallantois of the zonary placenta was found during Cesarean section in a primiparous pug bitch.

The potential clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of the updated COVID-19 mRNA Autumn 2024 vaccines in the United Kingdom.

Aims: To estimate the potential clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of a United Kingdom (UK) Autumn 2024 vaccination campaign with an updated Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in adults ≥65 years and eligible persons 6 months to 64 years of age over a 1-year time horizon (September 2024-August 2025).

Materials And Methods: A compartmental Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered model was adapted to reflect COVID-19 cases in the UK. Numbers of symptomatic infections, COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths, costs, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were predicted using a decision tree.

Estimating the healthcare burden of Prurigo Nodularis in England: a CPRD database study.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a skin disease characterized by intensely itchy skin nodules and is associated with a significant healthcare resource utilization (HCRU). This study aimed to estimate the HCRU of patients in England with PN overall and moderate-to-severe PN (MSPN) in particular. This retrospective cohort study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics in England.

Insights into the role of PGF2α in canine periparturient myometrium.

Parturition in dogs is subjected to complex hormonal regulation, with the involvement of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) still not fully understood. To investigate uterine inertia (UI), the most prevalent maternal reason for dystocia in the bitch, a better understanding of undisturbed uterine, especially myometrial function, is crucial. Our aim was to gain deeper insights into the role of PGF2α in the canine parturient myometrium.

Comparing different sperm concentrations for optimizing cooled semen use in the dog.

The use of shipping canine semen for artificial insemination has bloomed over the last 20 years. This allows for the spread of genetic material while overcoming geographical or time-related challenges. The optimal sperm concentration for cooled semen transport in the dog is unknown.

A comparison of the McGrath videolaryngoscope with direct laryngoscopy for rapid sequence intubation in the operating theatre: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Aspiration of gastric contents is a recognised complication during all phases of anaesthesia. The risk of this event becomes more likely with repeated attempts at tracheal intubation. There is a lack of clinical data on the effectiveness of videolaryngoscopy relative to direct laryngoscopy rapid sequence intubation in the operating theatre.

Half-life of serum anti-Müllerian hormone and changes after gonadectomy in adult female and male dogs with normal and abnormal gonads.

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a biomarker for the presence of gonadal tissue. Changes in serum AMH after gonadectomy are not well established, and its serum half-life is unknown in dogs. We measured serum AMH with a validated electro-chemiluminescent immunoassay in adult female (n = 12) and male (n = 7) dogs with normal gonads, as well as in dogs with gonadal pathology (ovarian remnant syndrome, ORS n = 3, testicular tumor [Leydig cell, Sertoli cell, seminoma] n = 3, unilateral abdominal cryptorchid n = 4) on the day of gonadectomy (D0), and on D3, D7, D14 (females and males), and D21, D28 (males only).

Functional Assessment of Long-Term Microvascular Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy.

Background: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a leading cause of death and retransplantation following heart transplantation (HTX). Surveillance angiography performed yearly is indicated for the early detection of the disease, but it remains of limited sensitivity.

Methods: We performed bolus thermodilution-based coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements in HTX patients undergoing yearly surveillance coronary angiography without overt CAV.

Autosomal recessive hyposegmentation of granulocytes in Australian Shepherd Dogs indicates a role for LMBR1L in myeloid leukocytes.

Pelger-Huët anomaly (PHA) in humans is an autosomal dominant hematological phenotype without major clinical consequences. PHA involves a characteristic hyposegmentation of granulocytes (HG). Human PHA is caused by heterozygous loss of function variants in the LBR gene encoding lamin receptor B.

Body Condition and Fertility in Dogs.

Ideal body condition and nutritional status in dogs is essential for quality of life, including reproductive health. Herein, we review the implications body condition, particularly fat, has on puberty, fertility, pregnancy, and parturition in dogs. Ideal body condition at puberty is necessary for dogs to achieve sexual maturity and reproduce.

Defining an Optimal Range of Centrifugation Parameters for Canine Semen Processing.

Our objective was to determine a clinically relevant range of centrifugation parameters for processing canine semen. We hypothesized that higher gravitational (g) force and longer time of centrifugation would result in improved spermatozoa recovery rate (RR) but poorer semen quality. Cooled storage under standard shipping conditions was used as a stressor to evaluate long-term treatment effects.

Assessment of community efforts to advance network-based prediction of protein-protein interactions.

Comprehensive understanding of the human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, aka the human interactome, can provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms of complex biological processes and diseases. Despite the remarkable experimental efforts undertaken to date to determine the structure of the human interactome, many PPIs remain unmapped. Computational approaches, especially network-based methods, can facilitate the identification of previously uncharacterized PPIs.

Involvement of Oxytocin and Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Etiology of Canine Uterine Inertia.

An altered oxytocin and progesterone receptor ( and , respectively) expression was postulated in canine uterine inertia (UI), which is the lack of functional myometrial contractions. and expressions were compared in uterine tissue obtained during C-section due to primary UI (PUI; = 12) and obstructive dystocia (OD, = 8). In PUI, the influence of litter size was studied (small/normal/large litter: PUI-S/N/L: = 5/4/3).

Network Analysis for Signal Detection in Spontaneous Adverse Event Reporting Database: Application of Network Weighting Normalization to Characterize Cardiovascular Drug Safety.

Introduction: Signal detection yields confirmed signals in only 2.1%, which imposes a heavy burden on the pharmacovigilance system in the European Union.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a network theoretical metric to increase the confirmed signal ratio of individual case safety report (ICSR) networks.

Testicular Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes and Changes in Response to a Slow-Release Deslorelin Implant (Suprelorin 4.7 mg) in the Dog.

Spermatogenesis takes place in a hypoxic environment, and antioxidant enzymes protect germ and somatic cells from free radical-mediated damage. Expression of the antioxidant enzyme system in the canine testis has not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that the slow-release GnRH superagonist deslorelin 4.

Efficient link prediction in the protein-protein interaction network using topological information in a generative adversarial network machine learning model.

Background: The investigation of possible interactions between two proteins in intracellular signaling is an expensive and laborious procedure in the wet-lab, therefore, several in silico approaches have been implemented to narrow down the candidates for future experimental validations. Reformulating the problem in the field of network theory, the set of proteins can be represented as the nodes of a network, while the interactions between them as the edges. The resulting protein-protein interaction (PPI) network enables the use of link prediction techniques in order to discover new probable connections.

Investigations on the potential role of prostaglandin E2 in canine uterine inertia.

Prostaglandin (PG) E2 plays a crucial role in the endocrine network of canine parturition and we hypothesized that PGE2, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) and PG-transporter (PGT) might be involved in the development of primary uterine inertia (PUI). We investigated PTGE synthase (PTGES), PTGE receptors 2/4 (PTGER2/4), HPGD and PGT expression on the mRNA- and protein-level in interplacental (IP) and uteroplacental (UP) tissues of bitches presented with dystocia undergoing emergency caesarean section. Groups were formed retrospectively based on strict criteria: PUI (n = 12; small/normal/large litter - PUI-S/N/L: n = 5/4/3), and obstructive dystocia (OD, n = 8).

Anti-Müllerian hormone, testosterone, and insulin-like peptide 3 as biomarkers of Sertoli and Leydig cell function during deslorelin-induced testicular downregulation in the dog.

The role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in male infertility is not fully understood. We used the downregulated testis as a model of gonadotropin-dependent infertility. Serum testosterone and AMH concentrations were studied in five adult male Beagles implanted (day 0) with 4.

The role of the particle size reduction and morphological changes of solid substrate in the ultrasound-aided enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose.

The contribution of ultrasound-aided particle size reduction to the efficiency of the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and the accompanying morphological changes of bleached cotton and linen powders were investigated. The aqueous suspensions of cellulosic powders were pretreated either with an ultrasonic bath (US-B) or with a horn-type reactor (US-H). Results revealed that the impact of US-H was more pronounced than that of the US-B.

Presumptive Identification of Smooth Strain Antibodies in Canines.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a Gram-negative coccobacillus. There are four strains of zoonotic importance in our domestic species, subdivided by their culture phenotypes: (), (smooth strains) and (rough strain). Dogs can serve as hosts for all four of the zoonotic strains; however, routine serologic testing in dogs has been limited to the identification of antibodies.