Neuroprotective effects of HU-211 on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizures.

Neuroprotective effects of HU-211 (dexanabinol), a synthetic nonpsychotropic analog of tetrahydrocannabinol, on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizures were examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats challenged with 1.6 LD50 soman. At 5 or 40 min after onset of seizures, the rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg HU-211.

GM1 monosialoganglioside pretreatment protects against soman-induced seizure-related brain damage.

The effects of GM1 monosialoganglioside pretreatment on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizure activity were examined in this study. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with GM1 via an osmotic minipump connected through a permanent cannula implanted intracerebroventricularly and challenged with soman (83 micrograms/kg, i.e.

Effects of soman-induced convulsions on phosphoinositide metabolism.

Turnover of [3H]phosphoinositides (PI) was examined in brain slices from the hippocampus of rats undergoing soman-induced seizure activity. Hydrolysis of PI was determined by measuring the accumulation of [3H]inositol-1-phosphate (IP1). Incubation of hippocampal slices in the presence of carbachol or norepinephrine (NE) increased PI hydrolysis.

Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2): a sensitive marker of seizure-related brain damage.

We have assessed the efficacy of MAP-2 immunohistochemistry as a marker of seizure-related brain damage and its suitability for quantitation of the damage using densitometric and morphometric image analysis. Seizures were produced in rats by administration of 1.5 LD50 soman, an irreversible AChE inhibitor.

Injections of fluid or septal cell suspension grafts into the dentate gyrus of rats induce granule cell degeneration.

This study was originally aimed at investigating the effects of intragyral cell suspension grafts which had been enriched in basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) before being implanted into the rat hippocampus denervated by aspiration of the septohippocampal pathways. Whether treated with vehicle alone, vehicle + bFGF, cell suspension with or without bFGF, and irrespective of the surgical treatment (sham-operation, lesions or lesions + grafts), we unexpectedly found approximately 80% of the rats to show morphological alterations in the dentate gyrus (20 weeks post-grafting). These alterations consisted of loss of a part of the granule cells; this loss was most often located in the dorsal leaf of the dentate gyrus.

Mesenteric mast cell degranulation in acute T-2 toxin poisoning.

T-2 toxin-induced alterations in rat mesenteric mast cell granulation were measured by cytophotometric analyses of the metachromatic reaction of mast cell granules with azure B. Hypogranulation (diminution of metachromatic material) was observed 8 h following injections of T-2 toxin (0.5-1.

Changes in HS mouse erythrocyte mass and area with respect to donor age.

Interferometric photographs of blood smears from heterogeneous stock (HS) mice were analyzed for age-related changes in erythrocyte mass using quantitative cytophotometry. Blood smears were obtained from 96 mice (half male/half female) sacrificed at 172, 272, 374, 482, 581, and 664 days of age as part of a larger biomarkers of aging study. Blood smears from each animal were photographed with a Leitz Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the erythrocyte images on these negatives were measured for dry mass using a Vickers M85a microdensitometer.

Cytophotometric analysis of magnocellular azure B-RNA and Feulgen-DNA following chronic GABA infusion into the nucleus basalis of rats.

This investigation was undertaken to examine possible cytopathic effects of GABA infusion on nucleus basalis (NBM) magnocellular neurons. Sixty-three male Long-Evans rats received unilateral, intra-NBM infusions of either GABA100 (100 micrograms/microliters/h), GABA10 (10 micrograms/microliters/h), or ultrafiltered saline (1 microliter/h) for a period of 24 hours. Rats from each of these groups were sacrificed at either 24 hours, 48 hours or 8 days following initiation of infusions.

Cytophotometric assessment of Feulgen-DNA and coomassie-total cell protein in adrenocortical fasciculata cells of noise-exposed Wistar rats.

The present investigation was undertaken to examine possible noise-induced alterations in adrenal fasciculata cell (AFC) metabolism, and also to determine if the magnitude of these changes differs in male versus female rats. Wistar rats approximately 3 months old were exposed to intense noise for 60 min (100 dB, re 2 x 10(-5) N(m2)-1, 350-20,000 Hz); control rats were housed under identical conditions, at an ambient noise level of 40-60 dB. Adrenal fasciculata cells (AFC) from each animal were examined for noise-induced alterations in Feulgen-DNA reactivity (as an indicator of chromatin template activity) and Coomassie-total cell protein levels using scanning-integrating cytophotometry.

Graft-induced behavioral recovery from subcallosal septohippocampal damage in rats depends on maturity stage of donor tissue.

Long-Evans female rats sustained electrolytic lesions of the fimbria and the dorsal fornix and, 10-14 days later, received intrahippocampal suspension grafts of septal-diagonal band tissue from either 14-day-old (Group S14, n = 8) or 16-day-old fetuses (Group S16, n = 10), or of parietal cortex from 16-day-old fetuses (Group Cx, n = 10). Sham-operated (Group S, n = 10) and lesion-only (Group Fifo, n = 21) rats served as non-grafted controls. Spontaneous alternation was assessed in a T-maze at three weeks and two months post-grafting.

Cytophotometric assessment of T-2 toxin induced alterations in azure B-RNA and Coomassie-protein in supraoptic-magnocellular neurons of rat hypothalami.

Quantitative cytophotometry was used to monitor T-2 toxin-induced alterations in azure B-RNA and Coomassie-total cell protein in supraoptic-magnocellular neurons of rat hypothalami. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-220g) were given a single i.p.

Cytophotometric analysis of T-2 toxin induced alterations in chromatin condensation and neuronal nuclear volume of rat supraoptic-magnocellular neurons.

Quantitative cytophotometry and ocular filar micrometry were used to monitor T-2 toxin induced alterations in chromatin and neuronal nuclear volume in supraoptic-magnocellular neurons of rat hypo-thalami. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-220g) were given a single i.p.

Cytophotometric assessment of granulosa cell protein and nucleic acid levels during the estrous cycle in rats treated with T-2 toxin.

Female Sprague-Dawley rats (160-180g.) with normal estrous cyclicity established by vaginal smears, were injected intraperitoneally with 0.45 mg/kg (low dose) or 0.