The impact of radiographic examination timing and gag reflex on dental fear and cooperation in children: a comparative clinical study.

Purpose: Identifying factors that disrupt cooperation during radiographic examination, such as dental fear and the gag reflex, is crucial for achieving optimal radiographic outcomes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the levels of dental fear and cooperation amongst children aged 4-9 years undergoing intraoral radiographic examination at different stages of dental treatment. It also investigates the impact of the gag reflex on children's behaviour during intraoral radiographic examination.

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Versus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade with nivolumab plus ipilimumab improves overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, randomized data for resectable lung cancer are limited. We report results from the exploratory concurrently randomized nivolumab plus ipilimumab and chemotherapy arms of the international phase III CheckMate 816 trial.

Methods: Adults with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition) resectable NSCLC received three cycles of nivolumab once every 2 weeks plus one cycle of ipilimumab or three cycles of chemotherapy (on day 1 or days 1 and 8 of each 3-week cycle) followed by surgery.

Shelf-life of flavoured olive oil with chili pepper: Comparison between co-milling fresh chili peppers with olives and typical infusion flavouring methods over 18 months of storage.

The aim was to study the shelf-life over 18 months of storage (no light and oxygen exposure) of chili peppers flavoured olive oils comparing flavouring methods of co-milling of fresh chili peppers with sound olives at mill scale with temporary and permanent infusion of dried chili peppers in olive oil. Tocopherols, secoiridoids and capsaicinoids by HPLC-DAD, volatile compounds by HS-SPME-GC-MS, and sensory profiles were studied. The decrease in tocopherols and secoiridoids was greater in "infusion" samples, while a significant increase in capsaicinoids was observed in "permanent infusion" samples.

Analysis of Volatile Hydrocarbons (Pentene Dimers and Terpenes) in Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology and Validation of HS-SPME-GC-MS Method.

A head space-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method for the simultaneous analysis of pentene dimers from lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) was proposed. A Doehlert design was performed; the conditions of the HS-SPME preconcentration step (extraction temperature, extraction time, sample amount, and desorption time) were optimized by response surface methodology, allowing defining the method operable design region. A quantitative method was set up using the multiple internal standard normalization approach: four internal standards were used, and the most suitable one was selected for area normalization of each external standard.

Nivolumab plus chemotherapy in first-line metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: results of the phase III CheckMate 227 Part 2 trial.

Background: In CheckMate 227 Part 1, first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥1% versus chemotherapy. We report results from CheckMate 227 Part 2, which evaluated nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC regardless of tumor PD-L1 expression.

Patients And Methods: Seven hundred and fifty-five patients with systemic therapy-naive, stage IV/recurrent NSCLC without EGFR mutations or ALK alterations were randomized 1 : 1 to nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy.

Proso Millet ( L.) as Alternative Source of Starch and Phenolic Compounds: A Study on Twenty-Five Worldwide Accessions.

Proso millet has been proposed as an effective anti-diabetic food thanks to the combined action of polyphenols and starch. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of twenty-five accessions, in order to enhance this cereal as an alternative to available starch for food applications or to propose new food ingredients with health benefits. Proso millet contained a high percentage of starch, reaching values of 58.

Deep computational image analysis of immune cell niches reveals treatment-specific outcome associations in lung cancer.

The tumor immune composition influences prognosis and treatment sensitivity in lung cancer. The presence of effective adaptive immune responses is associated with increased clinical benefit after immune checkpoint blockers. Conversely, immunotherapy resistance can occur as a consequence of local T-cell exhaustion/dysfunction and upregulation of immunosuppressive signals and regulatory cells.

Clinical Benefit From Immunotherapy in Patients With SCLC Is Associated With Tumor Capacity for Antigen Presentation.

Introduction: A small percentage of patients with SCLC experience durable responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Defining determinants of immune response may nominate strategies to broaden the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with SCLC. Prior studies have been limited by small numbers or concomitant chemotherapy administration.

Association between maxillary canine impaction and other dental anomalies: radiological study of a mixed dentition children's cohort from an orthodontic clinic.

Purpose: To investigate the significance of association between maxillary impacted canines and various dental anomalies.

Methods: Files of 874 orthodontic patients were evaluated for the presence of maxillary impacted canines. From this sample, a group of 97 patients (39 males and 58 females) with at least 1 impacted maxillary canine consisted the study group.

Millet Fermented by Different Combinations of Yeasts and Lactobacilli: Effects on Phenolic Composition, Starch, Mineral Content and Prebiotic Activity.

Millet is the sixth-highest yielding grain in the world and a staple crop for millions of people. Fermentation was applied in this study to improve the nutritional properties of pearl millet. Three microorganism combinations were tested: (FPM1), plus (FPM2) and plus (FPM3).

Plain language summary of the CheckMate 816 study results: nivolumab plus chemotherapy given before surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer.

What Is This Summary About?: In this article, we summarize results from the ongoing phase 3 CheckMate 816 clinical study that were published in in 2022. The goal of CheckMate 816 was to find out if , an immunotherapy that activates a person's immune system (the body's natural defense system) to fight cancer, works better than when given before surgery in people with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that can be removed surgically (resectable NSCLC).

What Happened In The Study?: Adults who had not previously taken medications to treat NSCLC and whose cancer could be removed with surgery were included in CheckMate 816.

Industrial drying for agrifood by-products re-use: Cases studies on pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) and stoned olive pomace (pâtè, Olea europaea L.).

The effect of industrial drying processes on phenols and polysaccharides of olive pomace (pâté) and pomegranate peel was studied, with the aim to re-use pomegranate and olive oil by-products. Pomegranate peel (Wonderful and G1 varieties) was oven-dried at different temperatures, taking into account peel thickness and size. Pâté was freeze-dried and oven dried at 50-110 °C, at lab scale; then, an industrial drying system (150 °C) was compared to freeze-drying.

Co-milling of sound olives with fresh chili peppers improves the volatile compound, capsaicinoid and sensory profiles of flavoured olive oil with respect to the typical infusion.

In the context of the olive oil flavoured with chili peppers, the aim of this study was to compare co-milling of sound olives and fresh chili peppers at mill scale to infusion of dried chili peppers in oil, using the same batch of olives for all oils. Capsaicinoids by HPLC-DAD, volatile profile by HS-SPME-GC-MS and HS-GC-IMS and sensory profile were characterized. Capsaicinoids were statistically higher in oils prepared with green (52.

Immune Checkpoint Blockade Outcome in Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Relationship With Retinoblastoma Mutation Status and Function.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in conjunction with chemotherapy is approved for the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Although specific genomic abnormalities such as and gene mutations are associated with resistance to ICB in non-SCLC, no genomic abnormality has been found in association with resistance to ICB in SCLC.

Materials And Methods: We first analyzed a retrospective cohort of 42 patients with SCLC treated with single-agent ICB or ICB combination (data set A).

Pomegranate peel as a promising source of pectic polysaccharides: A multi-methodological analytical investigation.

Polysaccharides from pomegranate peel (Wonderful and Purple Queen® varieties) were extracted by hot water and fractionated using ethanol. Three fractions (F1-F2-F3) were obtained for each sample. Polysaccharides' yield was higher for Purple Queen®: 13% dw.

Phenolic compounds and polysaccharides in the date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.): Comparative study on five widely consumed Arabian varieties.

The study analysed polysaccharides and phenolic compounds in widely consumed but little studied date fruits varieties such as Sukkari, Ajwa, Segae, Barrny and Khalas harvested at Tamr stage. The total phenols were in similar amount in the five varieties and ranged from 20 to 50 mg/100 g DW. The decoction and successive centrifugation made it possible to collect two main polysaccharide fractions for all the selected fruits.

Image analysis reveals molecularly distinct patterns of TILs in NSCLC associated with treatment outcome.

Despite known histological, biological, and clinical differences between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), relatively little is known about the spatial differences in their corresponding immune contextures. Our study of over 1000 LUAD and LUSC tumors revealed that computationally derived patterns of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on H&E images were different between LUAD (N = 421) and LUSC (N = 438), with TIL density being prognostic of overall survival in LUAD and spatial arrangement being more prognostically relevant in LUSC. In addition, the LUAD-specific TIL signature was associated with OS in an external validation set of 100 NSCLC treated with more than six different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens, and predictive of response to therapy in the clinical trial CA209-057 (n = 303).

Steryl ferulates composition in twenty-two millet samples: Do "microwave popping" and fermentation affect their content?

Climate change has led to rediscovery of minor drought tolerant grains such as millet. Among its bioactive molecules, steryl ferulates have been poorly explored. Steryl ferulates composition of was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry and high resolution tandem mass spectrometry in twenty-two millet samples and also in some fermented and microwave heated samples.

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab plus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy confers a modest benefit over surgery alone for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In early-phase trials, nivolumab-based neoadjuvant regimens have shown promising clinical activity; however, data from phase 3 trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Methods: In this open-label, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients with stage IB to IIIA resectable NSCLC to receive nivolumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy or platinum-based chemotherapy alone, followed by resection.

First-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus chemotherapy in patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma: 3-year outcomes from CheckMate 743.

Background: In the phase III CheckMate 743 study (NCT02899299), first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus chemotherapy in patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We report updated data with 3-year minimum follow-up.

Patients And Methods: Adults with previously untreated, histologically confirmed, unresectable MPM and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of ≤1 were randomized 1 : 1 to nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab (1 mg/kg every 6 weeks) for up to 2 years, or six cycles of platinum plus pemetrexed chemotherapy.

H NMR and HPLC-DAD-MS for the characterization of ellagitannins and triterpenoids of less investigated Anogeissus leiocarpus DC (Combretaceae) stem bark.

Anogeissus leiocarpus DC is an evergreen tree, widely distributed in Asia and Africa. The stem bark is used in traditional medicine, and as chewing sticks and infusion. Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly important to define the phytochemical profile of less studied edible plants.

Phenolic Compounds and Triterpenes in Different Olive Tissues and Olive Oil By-Products, and Cytotoxicity on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells: The Case of Frantoio, Moraiolo and Leccino Cultivars ( L.).

Phenolic and triterpenoid compounds of the olive tree are recognized as having a key role in health promotion, thanks to their multiple protective actions in humans. To expand the source of these bioactive compounds, the phenolic and triterpenoid profiles of leaf, branch, destoned fruit, destoned pomace, shell, seed, and extra virgin olive oil from the , , and olive cultivars were simultaneously characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. Overall, 43 molecules were quantitated and expressed on the obtained dry extracts.

Levels Regulate Metastatic Heterogeneity in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

The degree of metastatic disease varies widely among patients with cancer and affects clinical outcomes. However, the biological and functional differences that drive the extent of metastasis are poorly understood. We analyzed primary tumors and paired metastases using a multifluorescent lineage-labeled mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-a tumor type in which most patients present with metastases.

Calcium signaling induces a partial EMT.

Epithelial plasticity, or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is a well-recognized form of cellular plasticity, which endows tumor cells with invasive properties and alters their sensitivity to various agents, thus representing a major challenge to cancer therapy. It is increasingly accepted that carcinoma cells exist along a continuum of hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal (E-M) states and that cells exhibiting such partial EMT (P-EMT) states have greater metastatic competence than those characterized by either extreme (E or M). We described recently a P-EMT program operating in vivo by which carcinoma cells lose their epithelial state through post-translational programs.