A light in the dark: a mid-Cretaceous bioluminescent firefly with specialized antennal sensory organs.

The beetle superfamily Elateroidea comprises the most biodiverse bioluminescent insects among terrestrial light-producing animals. Recent exceptional fossils from the Mesozoic era and phylogenomic studies have provided valuable insights into the origin and evolution of bioluminescence in elateroids. However, due to the fragmentary nature of the fossil record, the early evolution of bioluminescence in fireflies (Lampyridae), one of the most charismatic lineages of insects, remains elusive.

The Risk of the Revelatory State.

Patients enter states that in their spontaneity and deep interiority have qualities of the revelatory. I propose we recognize such a state as a clinical event: The person is in a state of intense internal receiving of self. We might think of it as a state of internal communication happening as the person speaks.

Inshore and offshore marine migration pathways of Atlantic salmon post-smolts from multiple rivers in Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Ireland.

The migratory behavior of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts in coastal waters is poorly understood. In this collaborative study, 1914 smolts, from 25 rivers, in four countries were tagged with acoustic transmitters during a single seasonal migration. In total, 1105 post-smolts entered the marine study areas and 438 (39.

Unringing the bell: Successful debriefing following a rich false memory study.

In rich false memory studies, familial informants often provide information to support researchers in planting vivid memories of events that never occurred. The goal of the current study was to assess how effectively we can retract these false memories via debriefing - i.e.

Sperm Competition and Paternity in the Endangered Firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Lampyrinae).

The endangered terrestrial firefly (Olivier) is endemic to China. Populations of have decreased dramatically due to urbanization and pollution. Breeding and re-introduction to a suitable habitat may save the species from becoming extinct.

An Improved Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Firefly .

The endemic and endangered Chinese firefly is a sexually dimorphic, nocturnal species. A previous attempt by this team to assemble a draft genome of using PacBio and Illumina HiSeq X Ten platforms was limited in its usefulness by high redundancy and contamination. This prompted us to conduct an improved chromosome-level genome assembly of .

An Overview of Fu et al., a Phylogeny of Aquatic Fireflies Using Mitochondrial Genomes, a Description of Two New Species, and a New Record of Aquatic Fireflies in China (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae).

There are now seven species in the genus Fu & Ballantyne, with all but one known from the characteristics of males, females, and larvae. Molecular information is combined with morphological taxonomy for the delimitation of both genus and species. The monophyly of the genus is strongly supported in six trees, and its position as sister to the genus Ballantyne Kawashima Jusoh et Suzuki is stable across maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference results.

MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor 2 signaling modulates macrophage activation on lysate-adsorbed Teflon™ AF surfaces in an biomaterial host response model.

The adsorbed protein layer on an implanted biomaterial surface is known to mediate downstream cell-material interactions that drive the host response. While the adsorption of plasma-derived proteins has been studied extensively, the adsorption of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) derived from damaged cells and matrix surrounding the implant remains poorly understood. Previously, our group developed a DAMP-adsorption model in which 3T3 fibroblast lysates were used as a complex source of cell-derived DAMPs and we demonstrated that biomaterials with adsorbed lysate potently activated RAW-Blue macrophages via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2).

Nutrition delivery across hospitalisation in critically ill patients with COVID-19: An observational study of the Australian experience.

Background: Data on nutrition delivery over the whole hospital admission in critically ill patients with COVID-19 are scarce, particularly in the Australian setting.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe nutrition delivery in critically ill patients admitted to Australian intensive care units (ICUs) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a focus on post-ICU nutrition practices.

Methods: A multicentre observational study conducted at nine sites included adult patients with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis admitted to the ICU for >24 h and discharged to an acute ward over a 12-month recruitment period from 1 March 2020.

Lost in the mall again: a preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995).

The seminal Lost in the Mall study [Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, J.

Lost in the mall again: a preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995).

The seminal Lost in the Mall study has been enormously influential in psychology and is still cited in legal cases. The current study directly replicated this paper, addressing methodological weaknesses including increasing the sample size fivefold and preregistering detailed analysis plans. Participants ( = 123) completed a survey and two interviews where they discussed real and fabricated childhood events, based on information provided by an older relative.

How do participants feel about the ethics of rich false memory studies?

Deception is often a necessity in rich false memory studies, but is this deception acceptable to participants? In the current study, we followed up with 175 participants who had taken part in a replication of the Lost in the Mall childhood false memory study (Loftus & Pickrell, 1995), as either a research subject or a familial informant. We found that both participants and informants were generally very positive about their experience, did not regret taking part and found the deceptive methods acceptable. Importantly, the vast majority reported that they would still have taken part had they known the true objectives from the beginning.

The extended effect of adsorbed damage-associated molecular patterns and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling on macrophage-material interactions.

Implanted biomaterials elicit an immune-mediated foreign body reaction (FBR) that results in the fibrous encapsulation of the implant and can critically impact the performance of some implants. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underpin cell-materials interactions that initiate biomaterial-induced inflammation and fibrosis is critical to improving the performance of biomaterial implants negatively impacted by the FBR. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous mediators of inflammation that are released upon tissue injury and induce sterile inflammation Toll-like receptors (TLRs).

Reproductive Systems, Transfer and Digestion of Spermatophores in Two Asian Luciolinae Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).

The internal reproductive anatomy of males and females of two Asian Luciolinae fireflies (Geisthardt, 2004) and (L., 1767) is described, and the time course for spermatophore transfer and digestion examined. is sexually dimorphic, with a flightless female, and is sexually monomorphic, with the female flighted.

Molecular Systematics of the Firefly Genus (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae) with the Description of a New Species from Singapore.

The firefly genus sensu McDermott contains 282 species that are distributed across major parts of Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, and the Pacific islands. Due to phenotypic similarities, species identification using external morphological characters can be unreliable for this group. Consequently, decades of piecemeal taxonomic treatments have resulted in numerous erroneous and contentious classifications.

Description of the larva of a firefly species, Pygoluciola dunguna Nada (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).

Pygoluciola dunguna Nada, 2018 was described from Peninsular Malaysia, using males and reliably associated females. This paper details description of the larva which has been conclusively identified as Pygoluciola dunguna based on DNA barcoding technique and uses morphology, brief habitat and behavioural data. A total of 70 larval specimens were measured and their main features described.

Arginase-1 deficiency in neural cells does not contribute to neurodevelopment or functional outcomes after sciatic nerve injury.

Arginase-1 (Arg1) is an enzyme controlling the final step of the urea cycle, with highest expression in the liver and lower expression in the lungs, pancreas, kidney, and some blood cells. Arg1 deficiency is an inherited urea cycle disorder presenting with neurological dysfunction including spastic diplegia, intellectual and growth retardation, and encephalopathy. The contribution of Arg1 expression in the central and peripheral nervous system to the development of neurological phenotypes remains largely unknown.

Rights, interests and expectations: Indigenous perspectives on unrestricted access to genomic data.

Addressing Indigenous rights and interests in genetic resources has become increasingly challenging in an open science environment that promotes unrestricted access to genomic data. Although Indigenous experiences with genetic research have been shaped by a series of negative interactions, there is increasing recognition that equitable benefits can only be realized through greater participation of Indigenous communities. Issues of trust, accountability and equity underpin Indigenous critiques of genetic research and the sharing of genomic data.

The Luciolinae of S. E. Asia and the Australopacific region: a revisionary checklist (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) including description of three new genera and 13 new species.

This overview of the Luciolinae addresses the fauna of S. E. Asia including India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, and the Australopacific area of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji.

Perivascular adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicle miR-221-3p mediates vascular remodeling.

Adipose tissue-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNAs (miRNAs) convey intercellular message signaling. The biogenesis of EV-miRNAs from perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and their roles in intercellular communication in response to obesity-associated inflammation have not yet been fully explored. By feeding mice a high-fat diet for 16 wk, we established obesity-associated, chronic low-grade inflammation in PVAT, characterized as hypertrophy of perivascular adipocytes, decreased adipogenesis, and proinflammatory macrophage infiltration.

Genomic Research Through an Indigenous Lens: Understanding the Expectations.

Indigenous scholars are leading initiatives to improve access to genetic and genomic research and health care based on their unique cultural contexts and within sovereign-based governance models created and accepted by their peoples. In the past, Indigenous peoples' engagement with genomicresearch was hampered by a lack of standardized guidelines and institutional partnerships, resulting in group harms. This article provides a comparative analysis of research guidelines from Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States that pertain to Indigenous peoples.

A new species of Pygoluciola Wittmer with unusual abdominal configuration, from lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae).

A new species of firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) Pygoluciola dunguna Nada sp. nov. is described from males and reliably associated females, collected mainly from lowland dipterocarp forests of Peninsular Malaysia at elevations below 300 m a.

The firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier revisited (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae).

The synchronous firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier is reassessed from morphological, molecular, and habitat perspectives in Malaysia, and includes some reliably associated females described from morphological features and internal female reproductive anatomy. Phylogenetic analyses using combined morphological and molecular data (where available) for 158 taxa supported all the major features of the existing taxonomic categories within the Indopacific Luciolinae. They revealed a distinct Pteroptyx clade as a morphologically variable genus with Poluninius selangoriensis Ballantyne being newly synonymised with Luciola testacea Motschulsky, the type species, which is redescribed from the type series.

Isoform-Specific Compensation of Cyclooxygenase (Ptgs) Genes during Implantation and Late-Stage Pregnancy.

The participation of cyclooxygenase (COX) in embryo implantation and parturition has been studied extensively. However, the distinct role of the two COX isoforms in these processes still remains unclear. Using three characterized mouse lines where the Ptgs1 and Ptgs2 genes substitute for one another, this study focused on the reproductive significance of their distinct roles and potential biological substitution.