Deciphering the mechanisms of zinc tolerance in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sphaerica and its zinc bioremediation potential.

Cyanobacteria adopt a variety of changes at proteomic and metabolic levels for surviving under harmful environmental conditions including heavy metal stress. The current study investigates the impact of zinc stress on the proteome of Anabaena sphaerica to get an insight into its molecular mechanisms of zinc tolerance. The study revealed three different aspects that were associated with the zinc tolerance in A.

Degrading ability and robust antioxidative defence system led to SDS tolerance in cyanobacterium sp. lmga1.

To test the tolerance and degradation potential of the cyanobacterium sp. lmga1 for surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), different doses of SDS (10, 30, 40, 50, 70 and 100 µM) were used for the growth. The lower doses of SDS supported the growth of cyanobacterium whereas the higher doses were found to be inhibitory but the cyanobacterium somehow managed its survival up to 100 µM SDS.

Cyanobacterial bioactive compound EMTAHDCA recovers splenomegaly, affects protein profile of E. coli and spleen of lymphoma bearing mice.

The antibacterial and anticancerous properties of EMTAHDCA have already been reported in our previous study. However, mode of action of EMTAHDCA is still elusive. The present study was aimed to investigate the molecular targets in Escherichia coli and spleen of lymphoma-bearing mice in response to cyanocompound 9-ethyliminomethyl-12 (morpholin-4-ylmethoxy)-5, 8, 13, 16-tetraaza -hexacene-2, 3- dicarboxylic acid (EMTAHDCA) isolated from fresh water cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.

Physiological mechanisms of aluminum (Al) toxicity tolerance in nitrogen-fixing aquatic macrophyte Azolla microphylla Kaulf: phytoremediation, metabolic rearrangements, and antioxidative enzyme responses.

To investigate the extent of aluminum toxicity tolerance of eco-friendly, fast-growing, fresh water, pteridophytic Azolla-Anabaena symbiotic association in terms of altered physiological signals; Azolla microphylla Kaulf was exposed to 0 (control), 100, 250, 500, and 750 μM AlCl, at pH 4.5 for 6 days. The adversity of Al was increased in a dose-dependent manner and the highest was recorded at 750 μM AlCl.

Transcriptional regulation of acetyl CoA and lipid synthesis by P protein in Synechococcus PCC 7942.

P protein family is widespread in prokaryotes and plants. In this study, impacts of P deficiency on the synthesis of acetyl CoA and acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme (ACCase) was analyzed in the Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 by evaluating the mRNA levels of pyruvate kinase (PK), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), citrate synthase (CS), biotin synthase (BS), biotin carboxylase (BC), biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP), carboxyl transferase (CT) α and β subunits.

Sequential role of biosorption and biodegradation in rapid removal degradation and utilization of methyl parathion as a phosphate source by a new cyanobacterial isolate Scytonema sp. BHUS-5.

A new isolate of genus Scytonema distinct from its closest relative cyanobacterium, Scytonema hofmanni was found efficient in the removal and degradation of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide, methyl parathion (MP). The cyanobacterial isolate was also capable of utilizing the phosphorus present in the MP following its degradation, which was evident from the increase in growth (chlorophyll content), biomass, protein content, and total phosphorus in comparison to cyanobacterium grown in phosphate-deficient cultures. The rapid removal of MP by the cyanobacterium during initial 6 hours of incubation was defined by the pseudo-second-order biosorption kinetics model, which indicated the involvement of chemosorption in initial removal of pesticide.

Modulation of fatty acids and hydrocarbons in Anabaena 7120 and its ntcA mutant under calcium.

Calcium being a signaling molecule and mediator of cell response, we examined the modulation in fatty acid and hydrocarbon profiles of wild type cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and its ntcA mutant under the influence of different calcium chloride concentrations (0-10 mM). Dynamic modifications in fatty acid and hydrocarbon profile were evident through GC-FID analysis of extracted lipids.

Exopolysaccharide production in sp. PCC 7120 under different CaCl regimes.

Influence of various levels of CaCl (0, 1, 10 and 100 mM) on exopolysaccharide production has been investigated in the cyanobacterium 7120. At the concentration of 1 mM CaCl, growth was found to be stimulatory while 100 mM was sub lethal for the cyanobacterial cells. Estimation of EPS content revealed that EPS production depends on the concentration of calcium ions in the immediate environment with maximum being at10 mM CaCl.

Profenofos induced modulation in physiological indices, genomic template stability and protein banding patterns of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.

To understand the mechanism underlying organophosphate pesticide toxicity, cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 was subjected to varied concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg L(-1)) of profenofos and the effects were investigated in terms of changes in cellular physiology, genomic template stability and protein expression pattern. The supplementation of profenofos reduced the growth, total pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of the test organism in a dose dependent manner with maximum toxic effect at 30 mg L(-1). The high fluorescence intensity of 2', 7' -dichlorofluorescin diacetate and increased production of malondialdehyde confirmed the prevalence of acute oxidative stress condition inside the cells of the cyanobacterium.

Pulmonary tuberculosis: a public health problem amongst the Saharia, a primitive tribe of Madhya Pradesh, Central India.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease amongst the Saharia, a 'primitive' tribe of Madhya Pradesh, Central India.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional TB prevalence survey was undertaken in the Saharia, a 'primitive' tribal community of Madhya Pradesh. A representative random sample of villages predominated by tribal populations was chosen from the selected block of Sheopur District.

Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis amongst the tribal population of Madhya Pradesh, central India.

Background: This was a prevalence survey of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) disease in the tribal population of Madhya Pradesh state, central India.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional tuberculosis (TB) disease prevalence survey was undertaken among adults aged > or = 15 years in the tribal population of Madhya Pradesh. A multistage stratified cluster sampling was adopted.

Seroprevalence of sexually transmitted viruses in the tribal population of Central India.

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in the tribal population of central India.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in the tribal population of Jabalpur district. Blood samples were drawn from 326 patients with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and 526 randomly selected adults.