Retrospective evaluation of outpatient intravenous ketamine-lidocaine infusions for the palliation of cancer pain in dogs and cats.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical benefit and adverse events following outpatient intravenous (IV) ketamine-lidocaine (KL) infusions for palliation of cancer pain in dogs and cats.

Methods: Medical records from 15 years (2008 to 2023) were searched and data reviewed retrospectively. Animals were prescribed ketamine (0.

Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy in a cat with exocrine pancreatic carcinoma.

Case Summary: Minimally invasive surgery is an increasingly popular alternative to open surgery in veterinary medicine. Compared with traditional surgical approaches, laparoscopic pancreatectomy provides a less invasive approach and has several potential benefits, including improved visualization, reduced infection rate and decreased postoperative pain. Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy has been described in humans, dogs and pigs but not cats.

Complex Feline Disease Mapping Using a Dense Genotyping Array.

The current feline genotyping array of 63 k single nucleotide polymorphisms has proven its utility for mapping within breeds, and its use has led to the identification of variants associated with Mendelian traits in purebred cats. However, compared to single gene disorders, association studies of complex diseases, especially with the inclusion of random bred cats with relatively low linkage disequilibrium, require a denser genotyping array and an increased sample size to provide statistically significant associations. Here, we undertook a multi-breed study of 1,122 cats, most of which were admitted and phenotyped for nine common complex feline diseases at the Cornell University Hospital for Animals.

Factors associated with survival in dogs with a histopathological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: 94 cases (2007-2018).

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer in dogs. Despite this, relatively few reports of this disease exist pertaining to prognostic factors and outcome.

Aim: To evaluate factors associated with survival in dogs with all subtypes of HCC diagnosed on histopathology.

Adjuvant Sirolimus Does Not Improve Outcome in Pet Dogs Receiving Standard-of-Care Therapy for Appendicular Osteosarcoma: A Prospective, Randomized Trial of 324 Dogs.

Purpose: The mTOR pathway has been identified as a key nutrient signaling hub that participates in metastatic progression of high-grade osteosarcoma. Inhibition of mTOR signaling is biologically achievable with sirolimus, and might slow the outgrowth of distant metastases. In this study, pet dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma were leveraged as high-value biologic models for pediatric osteosarcoma, to assess mTOR inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for attenuating metastatic disease progression.

Influence of locoregional lymph node aspiration cytology vs sentinel lymph node mapping and biopsy on disease stage assignment in dogs with integumentary mast cell tumors.

Objective: To compare the effect of sentinel lymph node (SLN) histology vs locoregional lymph node (LRLN) fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology on assigned disease stage and adjunctive treatment recommendations and describe the incidence of anatomic disparity between the LRLN and SLN.

Study Design: A pre-post study refers to a study design type in which subjects are compared pre and post the intervention of interest.

Animals: Seventeen dogs undergoing primary excision of 20 cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT).

A retrospective study of proteinuria in dogs receiving toceranib phosphate.

The incidence of proteinuria in humans receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been well-documented. Reports of proteinuria with this class of drugs are limited in veterinary medicine. This retrospective study describes the incidence, severity, and progression of proteinuria in 55 dogs treated with toceranib phosphate, with or without concurrent glucocorticoid or NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug).

Metabolic Abnormalities Detected in Phase II Evaluation of Doxycycline in Dogs with Multicentric B-Cell Lymphoma.

Doxycycline has antiproliferative effects in human lymphoma cells and in murine xenografts. We hypothesized that doxycycline would decrease canine lymphoma cell viability and prospectively evaluated its clinical tolerability in client-owned dogs with spontaneous, nodal, multicentric, substage a, B-cell lymphoma, not previously treated with chemotherapy. Treatment duration ranged from 1 to 8 weeks (median and mean, 3 weeks).

Effects of Toceranib Phosphate on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Tumor-Bearing Dogs.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in people.

Hypothesis/objectives: To determine whether dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis occurs in dogs receiving the TKI, toceranib phosphate.

Animals: Forty-three client-owned dogs with cancer.

Complex disease and phenotype mapping in the domestic dog.

The domestic dog is becoming an increasingly valuable model species in medical genetics, showing particular promise to advance our understanding of cancer and orthopaedic disease. Here we undertake the largest canine genome-wide association study to date, with a panel of over 4,200 dogs genotyped at 180,000 markers, to accelerate mapping efforts. For complex diseases, we identify loci significantly associated with hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, idiopathic epilepsy, lymphoma, mast cell tumour and granulomatous colitis; for morphological traits, we report three novel quantitative trait loci that influence body size and one that influences fur length and shedding.

Phase II study of oral docetaxel and cyclosporine in canine epithelial cancer.

The goal of the current study was to determine the efficacy of oral docetaxel in combination with cyclosporine in the treatment of canine epithelial cancer. Requirements for eligibility were histological confirmation of epithelial neoplasia, measurable disease, no chemotherapy treatment within 2 weeks, and a life expectancy of ≥ 3 months. Fifty-one dogs were enrolled.

Evaluation of anti-human leukocyte antigen-DR monoclonal antibody therapy in spontaneous canine lymphoma.

A pilot study of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR monoclonal antibody (mAb) in dogs with lymphoma was undertaken to verify the suitability of a canine model to address therapeutically relevant endpoints prior to a full trial in dogs, and ultimately human investigation. In vitro studies demonstrated that L243, a murine IgG1 anti-HLA-DR, binds to normal and malignant canine lymphocytes and induces apoptosis in canine lymphoma cells. Moreover, L243 was administered safely to normal dogs and dogs with lymphoma, and bound to malignant cells in nodal tissue.

Comparison between L-CHOP and an L-CHOP protocol with interposed treatments of CCNU and MOPP (L-CHOP-CCNU-MOPP) for lymphoma in dogs.

An L-CHOP protocol with interposed treatments of CCNU and MOPP (L-CHOP-CCNU-MOPP) was evaluated in 66 dogs with stages III-V lymphoma. Results were compared with a historical group of 71 dogs treated with an L-CHOP protocol. Complete remission (CR) rates (85 and 80%, respectively) did not differ significantly between protocols (P = 0.

Effects of lycopene on proliferation and death of canine osteosarcoma cells.

Objective: To determine the effects of lycopene with and without concurrent chemotherapeutic treatment on growth and apoptosis of canine osteosarcoma cells.

Sample Population: Cell cultures of 3 established canine osteosarcoma cell lines (D17, OS 2.4, and HMPOS).

A phase II study to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of alternating CCNU and high-dose vinblastine and prednisone (CVP) for treatment of dogs with high-grade, metastatic or nonresectable mast cell tumours.

Safety and efficacy of a protocol of alternating 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU; 70 mg m(-2)) and vinblastine (3.5 mg m(-2)), and prednisone (1-2 mg kg(-1); CVP) in dogs with mast cell tumours (MCT) were evaluated. A total of 17 dogs had nonresectable MCTs and 35 received CVP as adjunctive treatment to locoregional control of metastatic MCTs or grade III MCTs.

Comparison of first-opinion and second-opinion histopathology from dogs and cats with cancer: 430 cases (2001-2008).

Second-opinion histopathology is intended to detect clinically significant discrepancies that have a direct impact on patient care. We sought to determine if this practice at our institution affected patient management and prognosis. First- and second-opinion histopathology reports from cases were retrospectively reviewed.

Evaluation of the protective effects of all-trans-astaxanthin on canine osteosarcoma cell lines.

Objective: To determine the effects of the antioxidant astaxanthin on growth of canine osteosarcoma cells with and without concurrent chemotherapeutic or irradiation insult.

Sample Population: Cells from 3 established canine osteosarcoma cell lines (D17, OS 2.4, and HMPOS).

Hepatobiliary neoplasia in dogs and cats.

Hepatobiliary tumors are uncommon in dogs and cats. They generally occur in older animals with nonspecific clinical signs, usually relating to the gastrointestinal tract. Liver enzyme concentrations are commonly elevated.

Phase I dose escalation of single-agent vinblastine in dogs.

Background: Vinblastine (VBL) is commonly used in dogs at a dosage of 2.0 mg/m2. The minimal toxicity observed at this dosage indicates that higher dosages might be well tolerated.

Efficacy of vinblastine for treatment of canine mast cell tumors.

Background: The optimal dosage and clinical efficacy of vinblastine (VBL) for treatment of mast cell tumors (MCTs) in dogs has not been established.

Hypothesis: Single-agent VBL has antitumor activity against MCTs in dogs.

Animals: Fifty-one dogs with nonresectable grade II or III cutaneous MCTs.

Oral bioavailability of etoposide after administration of a single dose to tumor-bearing dogs.

Objective: To characterize oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic disposition of etoposide when the IV formulation was administered orally to dogs.

Animals: 8 tumor-bearing dogs.

Procedures: An open-label, single-dose, 2-way crossover study was conducted.

Combination of CCNU and DTIC chemotherapy for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs.

Background: Pleotropic-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated resistance is the usual cause of relapse in dogs with lymphoma. 1-(2-chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosurea (CCNU) and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) are alkylating agents that are not affected by P-gp and lack cross-resistance to each other. A combination protocol offers the advantage of improved summation dose and synergistic activity.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of combined calcitriol and cisplatin in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumors.

Purpose: Calcitriol potentiates cisplatin-mediated activity in a variety of tumor models. We examine here, the effect of calcitriol and cisplatin pre-clinically and clinically in canine spontaneous tumors through in vitro studies on tumor cells and through a phase I study of calcitriol and cisplatin to identify the maximum-tolerated dosage (MTD) of this combination in dogs with cancer and to characterize the pharmacokinetic disposition of calcitriol in dogs.

Methods: Canine tumor cells were investigated for calcitriol/cisplatin interactions on proliferation using an MTT assay in a median-dose effect analysis; data were used to derive a combination index (CI).