Variability of microbiomes in winter rye, wheat, and triticale affected by snow mold: predicting promising microorganisms for the disease control.

Background: Snow mold caused by different psychrophilic phytopathogenic fungi is a devastating disease of winter cereals. The variability of the snow mold pathocomplex (the quantitative composition of snow mold fungi) has not been evaluated across different crops or different agrocenoses, and no microbial taxa have been predicted at the whole-microbiome level as potential effective snow mold control agents. Our study aimed to assess the variability of the snow mold pathocomplex in different winter cereal crops (rye, wheat, and triticale) in different agrocenoses following the peak disease progression and to arrange a hierarchical list of microbial taxa predicted to be the main candidates to prevent or, conversely, stimulate the development of snow mold pathogens.

The Cultivation of Halophilic Microalgae Shapes the Structure of Their Prokaryotic Assemblages.

The influence of microalgae on the formation of associated prokaryotic assemblages in halophilic microbial communities is currently underestimated. The aim of this study was to characterize shifts in prokaryotic assemblages of halophilic microalgae upon their transition to laboratory cultivation. Monoalgal cultures belonging to the classes Chlorodendrophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Chlorophyceae were isolated from habitats with intermediate salinity, about 100 g/L, nearby Elton Lake (Russia).

Differential expression of quick-to-court gene isoforms in Drosophila male and female.

The quick-to-court (qtc) gene is expressed in both males and females but affects only the mating behavior of males, probably due to the different composition of isoforms between the sexes. We tested this hypothesis and examined the sex-specific expression of qtc transcripts in the tissues of male and female Oregon-R flies. It was found that some qtc transcripts, such as qtc-RM and qtc-RN, are testis-specific, while others like qtc-RH are found in ovaries but absent in testes.

Microbial tapestry of the Shulgan-Tash cave (Southern Ural, Russia): influences of environmental factors on the taxonomic composition of the cave biofilms.

Background: Cave biotopes are characterized by stable low temperatures, high humidity, and scarcity of organic substrates. Despite the harsh oligotrophic conditions, they are often inhabited by rich microbial communities. Abundant fouling with a wide range of morphology and coloration of colonies covers the walls of the Shulgan-Tash cave in the Southern Urals.

Unexpected ubiquity of heart-shaped scale morphotype in Centroplasthelida (Haptista): Ancestral trait or multiple acquisitions?

Centrohelids (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) are axopodial protists with a remarkable diversity of external siliceous scale morphologies. It is believed that the last common ancestor of centrohelids had a double layer of siliceous scales composed of plate scales closer to a cell surface and spine scales radiating outwards. The characteristic morphotype of spine scales with a heart-shaped base was once believed to be a unique feature of the genus Choanocystis, as it was defined by Siemensma and Roijackers (1988).

Transcriptome of Lung Cancer Cells Resistant to the Cytotoxic Activity of Macrophages.

The role of the immune system in tumor progression has been the subject of research for more than 100 years since Paul Ehrlich hypothesized that the presence of the immune system limits the occurrence of cancer. One of the mechanisms hindering the initiation and progression of the tumor is the cytotoxic activity of macrophages; however, in some cases, it is not sufficient to control tumorigenesis. This may be due to both the development of resistance of tumor cells to the antitumor activity of macrophages and the development of a tolerant phenotype of macrophages that do not have sufficient antitumor activity.

Complete Genome Sequences of Streptomyces albus Strain INA 01303.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Streptomyces albus strain INA 01303, which was isolated from the Salt Lake Tambukan (Russia). The genome consists of a linear 6,840,896-nucleotide chromosome. This strain is predicted to produce a range of novel secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity.

Rethinking preparedness planning in disaster emergency care: lessons from a beyond-surge-capacity event.

Background: Large-scale burn disasters can produce casualties that threaten medical care systems. This study proposes a new approach for developing hospital readiness and preparedness plan for these challenging beyond-surge-capacity events.

Methods: The Formosa Fun Coast Dust Explosion (FFCDE) was studied.

Cappable-Seq Reveals Specific Patterns of Metabolism and Virulence for Typhimurium Intracellular Survival within .

The bacterial pathogen , which causes enteritis, has a broad host range and extensive environmental longevity. In water and soil, Salmonella interacts with protozoa and multiplies inside their phagosomes. Although this relationship resembles that between and mammalian phagocytes, the interaction mechanisms and bacterial genes involved are unclear.

Rye Snow Mold-Associated Strains Inhabiting a Common Area: Variability in Genetics, Morphotype, Extracellular Enzymatic Activities, and Virulence.

Snow mold is a severe plant disease caused by psychrophilic or psychrotolerant fungi, of which species are the most harmful. A clear understanding of biology has many gaps; the pathocomplex and its dynamic are poorly characterized, virulence factors are unknown, genome sequences are not available, and the criteria of plant snow mold resistance are not elucidated. Our study aimed to identify comprehensive characteristics of a local community of snow mold-causing species colonizing a particular crop culture.

Dataset for transcriptome analysis of subsp. serovar Typhimurium strain 14028S response to starvation.

is an ubiquitous pathogen throughout the world causing gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Survival of pathogenic bacteria in the external environment may be associated with the ability to overcome the stress caused by starvation. The bacterial response to starvation is well understood in laboratory cultures with a sufficiently high cell density.

Transcriptomic data of subsp. serovar Typhimurium str. 14028S treated with novobiocin.

In enteric bacteria, DNA supercoiling is highly responsive to environmental conditions. Host specific features of environment serve as cues for the expression of genes required for colonization of host niches via changing supercoiling [1]. It has been shown that substitution at position 87 of GyrA of str.

Dataset for transcriptome analysis of abscisic acid degrading bacterium sp. P6W.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve plant productivity and stress resistance. The mechanisms involved in plant-microbe interactions include the modulation of plant hormone status. The sp.

Analysis of neuropsychiatric adverse events during clinical trials of efavirenz in antiretroviral-naive patients: a systematic review.

People with HIV infection have several risk factors for developing neuropsychiatric adverse events: preexisting conditions, HIV disease stage, and antiretroviral treatment. The most widely used system for assessing neuropsychiatric adverse events in clinical trials is the US Division of AIDS severity grading scale, from Grade 1 (mild) to Grade 4 (life-threatening). First-line treatment with efavirenz has been associated with higher rates of neuropsychiatric adverse events than several other antiretrovirals.

Risk factors for gastrointestinal adverse events in HIV treated and untreated patients.

Advanced immunosuppression from HIV infection can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, weight loss, and abdominal pain. There is a complex, combined effect of HIV infection plus antiretroviral treatment on the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms, and, for some trials, the majority of gastrointestinal adverse events may not be related to antiretroviral treatment. Antiretroviral treatment can lead to improvements in gastrointestinal symptoms for patients with advanced immunosuppression.

Transmission of human papillomaviruses from mother to child.

Exfoliated cervical epithelial cells from women 6 weeks postpartum were analyzed for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using the polymerase chain reaction, and results were compared with those from buccal mucosal smears from their babies. Eleven mothers had genital genotypes of HPV in their cervical smears, and the children of 8 of these had HPV of the same genotype in buccal mucosal cell samples. Nineteen mothers had no HPV DNA detected in their cervical smears, and 1 of the buccal mucosal cell samples from their children was positive for HPV DNA (p < 0.