Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of a Notched Insert Design for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty to Prevent Scapular Notching.

Purpose: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is an effective treatment option for rotator cuff arthropathy. Scapular notching following RSA remains a major complication and has a high incidence. This finite element analysis (FEA) study provides a future reference for the optimal design of the insert component of RSA.

Evaluation of the infertile couple.

Infertility may be caused by gross pelvic pathology, difficulties with insemination of the cervix and uterine cavity, partial or complete occlusion of the fallopian tubes, female endocrine abnormalities or male factors. Some forms of pelvic pathology as well as some tubal occlusions are amenable to surgical correction. Clomiphene citrate has given good results in some patients with endocrine abnormalities.

Oral contraceptives.

Variations in the side chains attached to the gonadal hormones can produce marked changes in the potency of these compounds and can even change their predominant actions. Modification of testosterone renders it less androgenic and greatly enhances its progestational effect. The antifertility action of oral contraceptives may be exerted through any of several mechanisms: supression of follicular development, suppression of ovum expulsion or changes in endometrium or cervical mucus.

The Pap smear: take two.

The results of two "pancervical" Pap smears taken sequentially at the same sitting were evaluated on 2,823 patients in a Family Planning Program as part of a national sample to evaluate abnormal cervical cytology and method of contraception. It was found that obtaining two smears increased the detection of abnormal cytology in these patients by 86 per cent. Every group participating in this national study found a large increase in sensitivity, though not to the degree noted in our population.

The effect of vasectomy and oviduct section on mouse behavior (38554).

The spontaneous movement of vasectomized adult Swiss Webster male mice was 60% less than sham-operated controls 45 days after the operation. A similar trend was recorded for tubectomized frmales. Exploratory behavior as measured by the open field test was not significantly influenced by either surgical proceedure.

Effect of abdominal transplanted mammary tumor on peritoneal fluid cytology in mice.

In this study C3H/HeJ female mice received an intraperitoneal injection of mammary tumor suspended in saline; After 14 days, the presence of mammary neoplasm was detected by a significant change in the cytodifferential counts of aspirated peritoneal fluid. Previous studies suggest that ovarian cancer can be detected in mice and in women by the characteristic changes produced in abdominal cellular fluid distribution.

Fallopian tube occlusion in rabbits with silicone rubber.

A new system for transcervically blocking the Fallopian tubes with cured-in-place silicone rubber has great potential for fertility control. Good retention, antifertility efficacy, and retrievability were observed in rabbits, and no adverse tissue reactions were seen in oviducts containing silicone elastomer. Continuing studies with rabbits and rhesus monkeys attempt to determine long term efficacy and histologic changes.