Early Intervention in Post-operative Infectious Spondylodiscitis: Outcome of Aggressive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Introduction: Conservative and surgical approach timeline in post-operative spondylodiscitis (POS) following lumbar disc herniation (LDH) surgery is ill defined, and patients have a protracted recovery phase with social, psychological, and financial implications.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients operated by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in POS was done. Confirmed clinico-radiological diagnosed POS cases, not responding within three to four weeks were included.

Yin Yang 1 and guanine quadruplexes protect dopaminergic neurons from cellular stress via transmissive dormancy.

Neurons deploy diverse adaptive strategies to ensure survival and neurotransmission amid cellular stress. When these adaptive pathways are overwhelmed, functional impairment or neurodegeneration follows. Here we show that stressed neurons actively induce a state of transmissive dormancy as a protective measure.

Clinicoepidemiologic Profile of Genodermatoses: A Tertiary Hospital-Based Observational Study from North India.

Genodermatoses are inherited skin disorders associated with manifestations pertaining to both cutaneous and systemic involvement. Most of these disorders are associated with systemic conditions leading to mortality and morbidity. Only few studies have been reported from India.

Interaction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with Estrogen Receptors in Rainbow Trout (): An Investigation.

Fresh water sources, including lakes, such as the Great Lakes, are some of the most important ecosystems in the world. Despite the importance of these lakes, there is increasing concern about the presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)─among the most prevalent contaminants of our time─due to the ability of PFAS to bioaccumulate and persist in the environment, as well as to its linkages to detrimental human and animal health effects. In this study, PFAS exposure on rainbow trout () is examined at the molecular level, focusing on the impact of PFAS binding on the alpha (α) and beta (β) estrogen receptors (ERs) using molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations, and structural analysis.

Solid-Phase-Supported Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Glycopeptides.

Proteoglycans (PGs), consisting of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) linked with the core protein through a tetrasaccharide linkage region, play roles in many important biological events. The chemical synthesis of PG glycopeptides is extremely challenging. In this work, the enzymes required for synthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS) PG (CSPG) have been expressed and the suitable sequence of enzymatic reactions has been established.

Gender-based Violence and its Predictors: A Cross-sectional Study Among the Adolescents of Madhya Pradesh, Central India.

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global public health concern. India's socio-cultural and regional diversity poses challenges for obtaining accurate and comprehensive indicators of gender-based violence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and predictors of GBV among adolescents.

Hairpin trimer transition state of amyloid fibril.

Protein fibril self-assembly is a universal transition implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Although fibril structure/growth are well characterized, fibril nucleation is poorly understood. Here, we use a computational-experimental approach to resolve fibril nucleation.

Feasibility of Self-Management of Hypertension and Diabetes Using Patient-Generated Health Data Through M-health in Central India.

Introduction: Digital health innovations are modern solutions for the management and treatment of diseases, particularly non-communicable diseases. This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the management of diabetes and hypertension through patient-generated health data (PGHD).

Methods: A mobile application (One Health) was used for the entry of data on blood pressure, blood glucose, physical activity, and dietary intake for six months by the patients.

Sensitivity and specificity of the uniform field electroretinogram in glaucoma detection in comparison to the pattern electroretinogram.

Purpose: To determine the ability of the photopic negative response (PhNR) of the uniform field electroretinogram (UF-ERG) to identify early glaucomatous changes in comparison to the checkerboard and bar stimuli of the pattern electroretinogram (PERG).

Methods: Forty-nine glaucoma patients were classified into two groups: glaucoma-suspect (23 eyes) and early to moderate glaucoma (30 eyes), based on their clinical examination and the results of standard automated perimetry. Thirty patients (30 eyes) with intraocular pressures (IOP) of 21 mmHg or less, with no history of reported high IOP, were included as controls.

Pesticides: An alarming detrimental to health and environment.

Pesticides are chemical substances of natural or synthetic origin that are used to eradicate pests and insects. These are indispensable in the agricultural processes for better crop production. Pesticide use aims to promote crop yield and protect the crops from diseases and damage.

A facile approach for selective detection of arsenite ions using plasmonic behaviour of silver nanoparticles.

A specific reagent/aptamer-free easy redox strategy between silver(I) moieties present in a citrate-stabilized colloidal silver nanoparticle (NP) system and arsenite ions is described that enables plasmonic change of AgNPs for the selective quantification of arsenite ions in the range of 0 to 30 μM with a low limit of quantification value of 50 nM (5.3 ppb).

Binding of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) to the PPARγ/RXRα-DNA Complex.

Nuclear receptors are the fundamental building blocks of gene expression regulation and the focus of many drug targets. While binding to DNA, nuclear receptors act as transcription factors, governing a multitude of functions in the human body. Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor γ (PPARγ) and the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) form heterodimers with unique properties and have a primordial role in insulin sensitization.

Early experience of thalidomide therapy for high-grade peripheral and facial arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are developmental defects in the vascular system with abnormal connections between arteries and veins. A minority of AVMs are characterized by aggressive growth and continue to proliferate despite maximal surgical and interventional therapy. We report our outcomes with the use of thalidomide as the only UK specialist center adopting this novel approach for the management of AVMs refractory to conventional therapy.

Salicylate and jasmonate intertwine in ROS-triggered chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling.

Plants, being sessile, are frequently exposed to environmental perturbations, affecting their sustenance and survival. In response, distinct inherent mechanisms emerged during plant evolution to deal with environmental stresses. Among various organelles, chloroplast plays an indispensable role in plant cells.

Unveiling the Diversity: Plant Parasitic Nematode Effectors and Their Plant Interaction Partners.

Root-knot and cyst nematodes are two groups of plant parasitic nematodes that cause the majority of crop losses in agriculture. As a result, these nematodes are the focus of most nematode effector research. Root-knot and cyst nematode effectors are defined as secreted molecules, typically proteins, with crucial roles in nematode parasitism.

Long-term functional and radiological outcomes of cervical disc arthroplasty at a tertiary level spine center in India: A retrospective cohort analysis with minimum 2 years of follow-up.

Context: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) was developed for the treatment of cervical disc disease with the potential advantages of preservation of physiological motion at a discal level, thereby potentially reducing adjacent level stresses and degeneration, which were a known complication of anterior cervical arthrodesis. The objective of this study was the assessment of long-term functional and radiological outcomes overtime in all the patients who underwent CDA from 2011 to 2019 at our institute.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight patients who underwent CDA (2011-2019) with a minimum 2-year follow-up were retrospectively evaluated.

Adseverin, an actin-binding protein, modulates hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and osteoarthritis progression.

In osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterized by progressive articular cartilage degradation and calcification, the articular chondrocyte phenotype changes and this correlates with actin cytoskeleton alterations suggesting that it regulates gene expression essential for proper phenotype. This study reports that OA is associated with the loss of adseverin, an actin capping and severing protein. Adseverin deletion (Adseverin) in mice compromised articular chondrocyte function, by reducing F-actin and aggrecan expression and increasing apoptosis, Indian hedgehog, Runx2, MMP13, and collagen type X expression, and cell proliferation.

Endosperm: thermal sensor and regulator of seed thermoinhibition.

Seed thermoinhibition protects emerging seedlings from thermodamage by preventing seed germination at elevated temperatures. It had remained unknown how a seed fine-tunes its germination in response to temperature. Recently, Piskurewicz et al.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing before and after intravenous iron in preoperative patients: a prospective clinical study.

Background: Anemia is associated with impaired physical performance and adverse perioperative outcomes. Iron-deficiency anemia is increasingly treated with intravenous iron before elective surgery. We explored the relationship between exercise capacity, anemia, and total hemoglobin mass (tHb-mass) and the response to intravenous iron in anemic patients prior to surgery.

Comparative Study on Accuracy of Intra-Operative Computed Tomography-Navigation Based Pedicle Screw Placement With Skin vs Bone Fixed Dynamic Reference Frame in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of intra-operative navigation-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw insertion between bone fixed and skin fixed dynamic reference frame (DRF) in Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).

Methods: Between October 2018 and September 2022, patients who underwent MIS-TLIF were included in this study with DRF fixed either on bone (group B) or skin (group S).