The Social and Financial Burden on Families of Type 1 Diabetic Pediatric Patients in Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Caregivers and families play an essential role in managing and caring for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pediatric patients. However, caregiving is usually associated with social and financial burdens. This study assesses the burden and underlying social and financial factors among Saudi caregivers of pediatric patients with T1DM.

Recombinant PTH Infusion in a Child With Sanjad-Sakati Syndrome Refractory to Conventional Therapy.

Hypoparathyroidism is the most common endocrinological feature in children with Sanjad-Sakati syndrome. Treatment includes active vitamin D and calcium supplementation. Here, we report a case of a newborn with Sanjad-Sakati syndrome who had severe hypocalcemia since birth who responded to PTH subcutaneous pump infusion.

Comparison of Intubating Conditions at 60 Seconds with Cisatracurium 4*ED95 Dose and Cisatracurium 2*ED95 Dose Plus Priming Dose and Low Dose Ketamine.

Introduction: To compare the intubating conditions at 60 seconds between 4*ED95 dose of cisatracurium and 2*ED95 dose of cisatracurium in combination with priming and low dose ketamine.

Primary Objective: jaw relaxation for laryngoscopy, vocal cord position on laryngoscopy, and coughing or bucking response to intubation.

Secondary Objective: To compare the hemodynamic changes up 10 minutes after intubation in the two groups.

Estimated Cost-effectiveness of Subcutaneous Insulin Aspart in the Management of Mild Diabetic Ketoacidosis Among Children.

Importance: Intravenous (IV) insulin infusion is the standard of care for treating diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) worldwide. Subcutaneous (SC) insulin aspart could decrease the use of health care resources.

Objective: To compare the cost-effectiveness of mild uncomplicated DKA management with SC insulin aspart vs IV insulin infusion among pediatric patients from the perspective of a public health care payer using clinical data.

[Screening and treatment of hepatitis C virus in prisons: 10 years of experience].

Introduction and objective: Two-thirds of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are unaware of their infection in the European Union. The WHO aims to reduce the number of new cases of chronic hepatitis by 90% by 2030. The proportion of people infected with HCV in prisons can be up to ten times higher compared to the general population.

The effects of melatonin on liver functions in arsenic-induced liver damage.

Objective: Arsenic exposure is increasing in communities due to environmental pollution and industrial development. Arsenic is toxic to organ systems because it causes oxidative stress, enzymatic inhibition, and damage to protein structures. The liver, for example, is an organ that may be damaged by arsenic, and this damage may cause various clinical conditions like hepatic failure or cancer.

Comparison of intracorporeal knotting and endoloop for stump closure in laparoscopic appendectomy.

Background: Several appendiceal stump closure tecniques such as intracorporoeal-knotting, endoloop, stapler and clips are used during laparoscopic appendectomy. This study aimed to compare intracorporoeal-knotting and endoloop tecniques used to close appendiceal stump in laparoscopic appendectomy.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis in General Surgery Department of Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital between June 2009 and July 2013.

Does hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduce the effects of ischemia on colonic anastomosis in laparoscopic colon resection?

Background: An increase in intra-abdominal pressure causes a decrease in the splanchnic blood flow and the intramucosal pH of the bowel, as well as increasing the risk of ischemia in the colon. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the ischemia caused by laparoscopy in colonic anastomosis in an experimental model of laparoscopic colonic surgery.

Materials And Methods: We divided 30 male Wistar albino rats into three groups: Group A was the control (open colon anastomosis); Group B received LCA (laparoscopic colon anastomosis); while Group C received both LCA and HBOT.

Evaluation of SCUBE-1 and sCD40L biomarkers in patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a single-blind, controlled clinical study.

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the levels of platelet activation marker SCUBE-1 and sCD40L which plays some role in the progression of atherosclerosis, in patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Patients And Methods: The cohort of this study includes 90 patients and 35 healthy volunteers, who admitted to the internal medicine out-patient. Simultaneously in the same samples; SCUBE-1 and sCD40L measurements were accomplished by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Effective conservative treatment of umbilical pilonidal sinus disease: Silver nitrate? Salt?

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the three different treatment methods and investigate The effectiveness of the therapeutic effect of common salt.

Methods: This retrospective study involved patients who were treated in our clinic for umbilical pilonidal sinus disease between January 2010 and December 2011. The patients were divided to three subgroups according to treatment methods.

Comparison of colorectal neoplastic polyps and adenocarcinoma with regard to NLR and PLR.

Objective: Cancer-related inflammation affects many aspects of malignancy, including proliferation and survival of malignant cells, angiogenesis, and therapeutic response. Some biomarkers representing the degree of systemic inflammation, such as the Glasgow prognostic score, NLR and PLR, have been shown to have prognostic value in many kinds of cancer patients. Aim of this study to investigate to compare neutrophil/leukocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios of the patients with colorectal neoplastic polyps and colorectal cancer (CRC) and tried to determine whether this could be used as a biomarker in follow up of the patients with neoplastic polyps.

Pancreatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor after Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Performance of Whipple Procedure: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal system. These types of tumors originate from any part of the tract as well as from the intestine, colon, omentum, mesentery or retroperitoneum. GIST is a rare tumor compared to other types of tumors, accounting for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal tumors.

Reduction Mammaplasty Effect on Pulmonary Function and Arterial Blood Gas in the Overweight Female.

Background: This study sought to prospectively determine whether reduction mammaplasty improves the results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and arterial blood gas (ABG) measurements among overweight or obese women with macromastia and assess whether these changes are correlated with participant weight and body mass index (BMI) changes.

Methods: Thirty women who were overweight or obese and underwent bilateral reduction mammaplasty were included in this study. PFT and ABG measurements were performed within a 4-week period before reduction mammaplasty and 3 months after reduction mammaplasty.

Effectiveness of Limberg and Karydakis flap in recurrent pilonidal sinus disease.

Objective: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is common in young men and may recur over time after surgery. We investigated whether a factor exists that can aid in the determination of the preferred technique between the early Limberg flap and Karydakis flap techniques for treating recurrent pilonidal sinus.

Materials And Methods: This prospective and randomized study enrolled 71 patients with recurrent pilonidal sinus in whom the Limberg flap or Karydakis flap techniques were applied for reconstruction after excision.

The effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an animal model of ischemic colitis.

Objectives: Vardenafil enhances dilatation of vascular smooth muscle and inhibits platelet aggregation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an experimental model of ischemic colitis.

Methods: Forty female Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomized into five experimental groups (each with n = 8) as follows:1) a sham group subjected to a sham surgical procedure and administered only tap water; 2) a control group subjected to a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic colitis and administered only tap water; 3) and 4) treatment groups subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by the postoperative administration of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg vardenafil, respectively; and 5) a treatment group subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by postoperative administration of pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg/day per day as a single dose for a 3-day period.

The appearance of free-air in the abdomen with related pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis: Three case reports and review of the literature.

Introduction: Pneumatosis sistoides intestinalis (PSI) is a rare condition with unknown origin, defined as the appearance of gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall. It usually occurs due to respiratory infections, tumor or collagen disease, traumas, immunosuppression.

Presentation Of Case: Three patients with PSI were examined that followed up and treated in our clinic.

Sinotomy technique versus surgical excision with primary closure technique in pilonidal sinus disease.

Pilonidal disease is a common chronic disorder mainly seen in the sacrococcygeal region, especially in young males. Many surgical treatment modalities have been suggested, but an ideal and widely accepted treatment has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to compare quality of life of patients treated with the sinotomy technique with quality of life of patients treated with surgical excision plus primary closure technique by means of quality of life questionnaire.

Outcome analysis of laporoscopic D1 and D2 dissection in patients 70 years and older with gastric cancer.

Objective: Gastric cancer is a worldwide aggressive tumor with a bad prognosis. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate operative findings of 53 patients aged over 70 with gastric cancer who underwent laporoscopic operations in our clinic.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent laporoscopic surgery for pathologically confirmed gastric cancer at our clinic between March 2008 and October 2010 was conducted.

ULTRAPRO Hernia System versus lichtenstein repair in treatment of primary inguinal hernias: a prospective randomized controlled study.

The Lichtenstein repair has been recommended as the gold standard for inguinal hernia repair. However, postoperative discomfort still constitutes a concern and an area for improvement. New mesh materials have been continuously introduced to achieve this goal.

Virginal Breast Hypertrophy and Symptomatic Treatment: A Case Report.

Virginal breast hypertrophy is a rare benign disease. It is characterized by rapid and excessive growth of one or two breasts during peripubertal period. There is no specific treatment algorithm, subcutaneous mastectomy and prosthesis replacement, reduction mammoplasty, medical treatment with particularly tamoxifen are all recommended in the literature.

Ingested bone fragment in the bowel: Two cases and a review of the literature.

Generally, ingested foreign bodies are excreted from the digestive tract without any complications or morbidity. In adults, ingestion of foreign bodies frequently occurs in alcoholics and elderly individuals with dentures. The most commonly ingested foreign bodies are food stuffs or their parts, such as fish bones or fragments of bone and phytobezoars.

The management of penetrating abdominal trauma by diagnostic laparoscopy: a prospective non-randomized study.

Background: Penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT) has been traditionally treated by exploratory laparotomy (EL). The aim of our study was to examine the use of diagnostic laparoscopy (DL) in the management of hemodynamically stable patients with PAT.

Methods: A prospective study was performed to compare the outcomes of hemodynamically stable patients with suspected intra-abdominal injuries due to abdominal stab wounds who underwent either EL or DL.

The efficacy of fibrin glue to control hemorrhage from the gallbladder bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective: The aim of the study is to report our experience with fibrin glue application in the management of bleeding from the gallbladder bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which could not be controlled by conventional methods.

Material And Methods: Three hundred eighty-two patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Fourteen patients with bleeding from the gallbladder bed, which could not be controlled by conventional methods, were analyzed retrospectively.

The effect of high altitude commercial air travel on oxygen saturation.

Air travel has increased steadily over the last decade, and its effect on the health of passengers has been the subject of much debate. There is a paucity of evidence on the effects of air travel on oxygen saturation in general populations. The peripheral oxygen saturation and pulse rate of 84 passengers, aged 1-78 years, were measured by pulse oximetry at round level and altitude during air travel.

[Clinical aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of infectious mononucleosis in primary care and in departments of infectious diseases].

Medical documentation of the 342 patients hospitalised for infectious mononucleosis at the departments of infectious diseases of two county hospital was retrospectively reviewed between 1990 and 1996 and the most important clinical data were recorded. In order to document the effect of control measures, which were taken for the improvement diagnosis and therapy, data of the 105 infectious mononucleosis patients at one of the mentioned departments were also recorded in 1997 and 1998. The length of the time before the hospital admission (avg.