Responding to fluctuations in public and community trust and health seeking behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study of national decision-makers' perspectives in Guinea and Sierra Leone.

Background: The level of trust in health systems is often in flux during public health emergencies and presents challenges in providing adequate health services and preventing the spread of disease. Experiences during previous epidemics has shown that lack of trust can impact the continuity of essential health services and response efforts. Guinea and Sierra Leone were greatly challenged by a lack of trust in the system during the Ebola epidemic.

Caregiver acceptance of malaria vaccination for children under 5 years of age and associated factors: cross-sectional household survey, Guinea and Sierra Leone, 2022.

Background: Malaria is a leading cause of death and reduced life span in Guinea and Sierra Leone, where plans for rolling out the malaria vaccine for children are being made. There is little evidence about caregiver acceptance rates to guide roll-out policies. To inform future vaccine implementation planning, this analysis aimed to assess potential malaria vaccine acceptance by caregivers and identify factors associated with acceptance in Guinea and Sierra Leone.

Comparing thermal conditions inside and outside lactating dairy cattle barns in Canada.

The health, longevity, and performance of dairy cattle can be adversely affected by heat stress. This study evaluated the in-barn condition [i.e.

Fugitive methane emissions from two agricultural biogas plants.

This study quantified fugitive methane (CH) losses from multiple sources (open digestate storages, digesters and flare) at two biogas facilities over one year, providing a much needed dataset integrating all major loss pathways and changes over time. Losses of CH from Facility A were primarily from digestate storage (5.8% of biogas CH), followed by leakage/venting (5.

Manure methane emissions over three years at a swine farm in western Canada.

Swine manure is kept in outdoor storage facilities until it is applied to cropland. Anaerobic conditions facilitate microbial methane (CH ) production at a rate that depends on temperature. Manure CH emissions can be the largest contributor to the carbon footprint of pork production.

Effects of Two Manure Additives on Methane Emissions from Dairy Manure.

Liquid manure is a significant source of methane (CH), a greenhouse gas. Many livestock farms use manure additives for practical and agronomic purposes, but the effect on CH emissions is unknown. To address this gap, two lab studies were conducted, evaluating the CH produced from liquid dairy manure with Penergetic-g (12 mg/L, 42 mg/L, and 420 mg/L) or AgrimestMix (30.

Assessing the Impacts of Climate Variability on Fertilizer Management Decisions for Reducing Nitrogen Losses from Corn Silage Production.

There is an incentive for dairy farmers to maximize crop production while minimizing costs and environmental impacts. In cold climates, farmers have limited opportunity to balance field activities and manure storage requirements while limiting nutrient losses. A revised DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) model for simulating tile drainage was used to investigate fertilizer scenarios when applying dairy slurry or urea on silage corn ( L.

Intermittent agitation of liquid manure: effects on methane, microbial activity, and temperature in a farm-scale study.

Liquid manure storages are a significant source of methane (CH) emissions. Farmers commonly agitate (stir) liquid manure prior to field application to homogenize nutrients and solids. During agitation, manure undergoes mechanical stress and is exposed to the air, disrupting anaerobic conditions.

Yield and leaf area index estimations for sunflower plants using unmanned aerial vehicle images.

Vegetation is commonly monitored to improve efficiency of various agricultural practices. Spatial and temporal changes in plant growth and development can be monitored with the aid of remote sensing techniques employing ground, aerial, and satellite platforms. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and multi-spectral cameras developed for UAVs have an important potential for agricultural management activities with high-resolution spatial and temporal images.

Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from production of compost bedding on a dairy farm.

Recent developments in composting technology enable dairy farms to produce their own bedding from composted manure. This management practice alters the fate of carbon and nitrogen; however, there is little data available documenting how gaseous emissions are impacted. This study measured in-situ emissions of methane (CH), carbon dioxide (CO), nitrous oxide (NO), and ammonia (NH) from an on-farm solid-liquid separation system followed by continuously-turned plug-flow composting over three seasons.

Potential methane emission reductions for two manure treatment technologies.

The effect of two dairy manure treatments, solid-liquid separation (SLS) and anaerobic digestion (AD), on methane potential and the speed of production was evaluated. Assays were performed in the lab to measure methane (CH) production over 202 d from dairy manure samples taken before and after each treatment. Compared to raw manure, CH emissions on a per-L basis were reduced 81% by SLS and 59% by AD, on average.

A qualitative study of women's and health providers' attitudes and acceptability of mistreatment during childbirth in health facilities in Guinea.

Background: Reducing maternal morbidity and mortality remains a key health challenge in Guinea. Anecdotal evidence suggests that women in Guinea are subjected to mistreatment during childbirth in health facilities, but limited research exists on this topic. This study was conducted to better understand the social norms and the acceptability of four scenarios of mistreatment during childbirth, from the perspectives of women and service providers.

2014 Anthrax epidemic in Koubia prefecture, Guinea-Conakry.

Anthrax disease is an anthropozoonosis caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. Our objective was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of the 2014 epidemic in Koubia prefecture. This retrospective study examined all of the anthrax cases reported in Fafaya, Koubia Prefecture.

Does Fall Removal of the Dairy Manure Sludge in a Storage Tank Reduce Subsequent Methane Emissions?

When liquid manure is removed from storages for land application, "sludge" generally remains at the bottom of the tank. This may serve as an inoculum when fresh manure is subsequently added, thereby increasing methane (CH) emissions. Previous pilot-scale studies have shown that completely emptying storages can decrease CH emissions; however, no farm-scale studies have been conducted to quantify the effect of sludge removal.

Methane emissions from digestate at an agricultural biogas plant.

Methane (CH4) emissions were measured over two years at an earthen storage containing digestate from a mesophilic biodigester in Ontario, Canada. The digester processed dairy manure and co-substrates from the food industry, and destroyed 62% of the influent volatile solids (VS). Annual average emissions were 19gCH4m(-3)d(-1) and 0.

[Evaluation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected adult in the department of dermatology venereology of the Donka national hospital].

Unlabelled: If the use of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) have largely improved survival, morbidity and the quality of life of the people living with HIV in Northern countries as well as Southern countries and particularly in Africa, many obstacles have slowed down their use. Thus the follow-up of the patients under HAART in certain developing countries is still limited even non-existent.

Objective: The objective of this work was to bring the therapeutic outcomes obtained after a minimal six months period of follow-up among HIV+ patients admitted in external consultations or following hospitalizations.

[Scorpion envenomation treated in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the Donka National Hospital, Guinea].

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from 1(st) October 2010 to 30 November 2012 on the records of patients admitted for scorpion envenomation in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the Donka National Hospital. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of scorpion envenomation in Maritime Guinea, from scorpion stings recently covered in this service. We collected 75 cases of scorpion envenomation.

[Evaluation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected adult in the department of dermatological venereology of the Donka National Hospital].

Unlabelled: If the use of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) have largely improved survival, morbidity and quality of life of the people living with HIV in Northern and Southern countries, and particularly in Africa, many obstacles have slowed down their use. Thus the monitoring of patients under HAART in certain developing countries is still very low, if not non-existent.

Objective: The objective of this study was to bring the therapeutic outcomes obtained after a minimal six months period of monitoring among HIV positive patients admitted in external consultations or following hospitalizations.

[Causes and characteristics of patient death under ARV at the Dermatology-Venereology Department of the Donka National Hospital, GUINEA].

Introduction: The antiretroviral treatments led to a spectacular reduction of morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients, transforming it into a chronic infection. HIV infection remains potentially lethal and requires a long term treatment to obtain an immunological and virological control. The goal of this work was to describe the characteristics of the deaths during the ARV treatment.